The invention discloses an automatic cleaning device for an annular conveying belt. The automatic cleaning device comprises two main body brackets, the top between the two main body brackets is rotationally connected with a conveying belt, a driven roller is rotationally connected to the position, below the conveying belt, between the two main body brackets, the driven roller makes contact with the conveying belt, one end of the driven roller is fixedly connected with a second chain wheel, the bottoms of the main body brackets are fixedly connected with a gearbox, and the input end of the gearbox is fixedly connected with a fourth chain wheel. A cleaning part of the device rotates through power provided by the conveying belt, the power does not need to be additionally provided, the cleaning process operates automatically, the conveying belt can be cleaned at any time without shutdown, manual assistance is not needed, the problems that as for an existing cleaning conveying belt, the production efficiency is affected, and potential safety hazards exist can be well solved, and the brushing intensity of a cleaning roller brush can be adjusted through rotation of a threaded rod, so thatdust is cleared more completely.