The invention discloses composition and application of a low-temperature and hydration synergistic low-heat early-strength cement slurry system. The low-heat early-strength cement slurry system is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of oil well cement, 70-100 parts of a low-hydration-heat active cementing material, 3.2-6.3 parts of a hydrated calcium silicate-polycarboxylic acid ether nano composite early strength agent, 1.8-5.4 parts of a low-temperature activator, 0.7-1.3 parts of a fluid loss agent, 0.3-0.6 part of a dispersing agent, 0.2-1.0 part of a defoaming agent, 15-20 parts of hollow glass beads and 60-92 parts of water. According to the cement slurry system, on the basis that a low-hydration-heat-activity cementing material is selected, the hydrated calcium silicate-polycarboxylate ether nano-composite early strength agent and the low-temperature activating agent are adopted and have a synergistic effect, and the compressive strength of set cement in the curing period is jointly promoted; and the cement slurry system has the characteristics of being small in hydration heat release, high in early strength and the like, and meanwhile, has the advantages of adjustable density, adjustable thickening time, good rheological property, low filter loss, short setting waiting time and the like, is suitable for well cementation of ocean deepwater surface layers and hydrate layers, and lays a solid foundation for development of ocean oil and gas resources.