The invention relates to a tow path management system used for an optical cable distribution box in an optical fiber access network, which is characterized in that a wire hook group, a tow coiling column group, a transition tow coiling column, a floating wire loop group, optical branching device groups and left-side wire loop groups are all installed on a wire loop fixed plate; and the left side in the optical cable distribution box is provided with a main tow of an optical branching device, which is connected with an integrative tray of a trunk, an optical cable introduction group is arranged on the wire loop fixed plate, a distance exists among the wire hook group, the tow coiling column group, the floating wire loop group and the left-side wire loop groups, the tow coiling column group is arranged between the wire hook group and the transition tow coiling column, the left-side wire loop groups are arranged above a tow storage box, an integrative tray of a wiring or trunk optical cable is arranged on an integrative tray of a trunk or wiring optical cable, and each optical branching device is correspondingly arranged at the left upper side of each left-side wire loop group. The invention has the advantages that the management of a gradient jumper (tail) tow is carried out by adopting a combined structure, the entire management of the jumper (tail) tow is orderly, a tow path is definite and does not generate an intersection phenomenon, the maintenance is convenient, the utilization rate of the optical cable distribution box is enhanced, and the time is saved.