The invention discloses a device and method for monitoring the leakage of multiple parallel-buried natural gas pipelines. The device comprises a pressure stabilization vacuum pump, a flow meter, a methane detector, a first vacuum electromagnetic valve, a second vacuum electromagnetic valve, a third vacuum electromagnetic valve, a fourth vacuum electromagnetic valve, a fifth vacuum electromagnetic valve, a modulation semiconductor laser, a laser drive unit, a gas detection tube, a photoelectric receiving processing unit and a filter. If the leakage of the natural gas pipelines occurs, leaked gas enters the gas detection tube, gas leakage is detected by the photoelectric receiving processing unit, a signal is transmitted to a PLC so that the concentration of natural gas can be calculated, the PLC starts to time, the vacuum electromagnetic valve of the leaking pipeline is opened, other vacuum electromagnetic valves are closed, the pressure stabilization vacuum pump is started, the natural gas permeating through the gas detection tube flows through the methane detector, the PLC stops timing, collected data are processed and analyzed, a photoelectric alarm is given according to a set procedure, and leakage monitoring for the first time is achieved. The device for monitoring the leakage of the multiple parallel-buried natural gas pipelines is convenient to operate, simple in structure, high in flexibility and long in service life.