The invention provides a non-refrigeration infrared polarization detector pixel structure and a preparation method. The non-refrigeration infrared polarization detector pixel structure comprises a bottom layer, a middle layer and an upper layer, wherein the bottom layer comprises a reading circuit substrate, a first metal electrode layer, a metal reflection layer and a first medium protection layer, and the first metal electrode layer, the metal reflection layer and the first medium protection layer are arranged on the reading circuit substrate; the middle layer comprises a first supporting layer, a thermosensitive layer, a second medium protection layer, a second metal electrode layer and a third medium protection layer; and the upper layer comprises a second supporting layer and an optical grating layer, wherein the second supporting layer is arranged above the third medium protection layer, and the optical grating layer is arranged on the second supporting layer and comprises a plurality of optical gratings arranged in sequence. By use of the non-refrigeration infrared polarization detector pixel structure and the preparation method, volume is greatly reduced, thermal noise introduced by the optical grating layer is lowered, and polarization detection sensitivity is improved so as to be favorable for increasing the extinction ratio of the optical grating layer.