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The application belongs to the technical field of cord steel preparation, and particularly relates to a high-strength and high-plasticity cord steel and a preparation method thereof, the preparation method comprising the following steps: S1, obtaining a cord steel casting blank, heating, rolling and cooling the cord steel casting blank to obtain a cord steel wire rod, and the structure of the cord steel wire rod is a pearlite structure with an average interlamellar spacing of 95-100 nm; S2, cold drawing the cord steel wire rod to obtain a cord steel wire material, and the total surface reduction of the cold drawing is greater than or equal to 85%; and S3, heat treating the cord steel wire material to obtain the high-strength and high-plasticity cord steel, and the holding temperature of the heat treatment is 280-300 DEG C. According to the application, a pearlite matrix is obtained through alloy composition and cooling design, and severe plastic deformation is performed to construct an initial state with high defect density, low-temperature heat treatment is adopted to drive short-range diffusion of interface carbon atoms to construct a composition gradient and drive diffusion of micro-alloy elements to regulate nanometer precipitates, and the interface plasticization and precipitation reinforcement are synergized.