The invention relates to the technical field of microelectronic packaging, and discloses a high-reliability packaging structure for a microwave piece cover plate, which comprises a cover plate and a box body, the cover plate comprises an external output interface, the middle part of the cover plate comprises a chip and a ceramic circuit substrate assembly area, and the high-reliability packaging structure also comprises an organic circuit substrate assembly area, and the edge of the cover plate is provided with a sealing connection part; and the sealing connection part extends along the edge of the cover plate and forms a closed ring. The gradient materials with different thermal expansion coefficients are integrally formed in a powder metallurgy mode, the thermal expansion coefficients, the shapes, the sizes and the positions of all the areas can be flexibly adjusted, and circuit substrates, chips and packaging components with different physical properties can be integrated on the same cover plate; and meanwhile, airtight welding with the box body can be realized, so that a high-density and high-reliability integrated packaging cover plate is formed. According to the invention, the integration density of the microwave assembly can be improved, and the improvement of the reliability of the cover plate and the realization of micro-assembly are greatly promoted.