The invention discloses a quick storing and taking device for screw drive close piling pore plates of a culture medium split-charging instrument and belongs to the technical field of culture medium split-charging devices. The quick storing and taking device comprises a base, a driver, a pore plate box, a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism, a third transmission mechanism, a fourth transmission mechanism, a drive screw and a driven screw. The driver, the transmission mechanisms, a gear mechanism, a double-screw mechanism and the like are adopted in the device to comprehensively achieve the functions of storing and taking the pore plates. The device drives a main screw and a driven screw to act synergistically through a first gear, a second gear, a drive wheel, a driven wheel and a driving part through the driver, and therefore storing and taking of the pore plates of the bottom layer can be achieved and the pore plate box is used for storing the pore plates. The quick storing and taking device is used in the culture medium split-charging instrument, compatibility is good, and the pore plates with different specifications can be operated; the mechanical structure is simple, and the requirements for machining precision and installing precision are low; only one driver is needed, and therefore a control system is simple; the pore plates are closely piled in the pore plate box, and therefore the space utilization rate is high.