56 results about "Biodiversity conservation" patented technology

The invention provides a GIS technology-based method for comprehensively evaluating regional ecological sensitivity aiming at the problem that more sensitive factors and spatial analysis are related existing in the conventional methods for evaluating the regional ecological sensitivity. The method comprises the three steps of: firstly, determining the type of possible ecological environment problems in the research region, and determining an ecological sensitive point; secondly, establishing an ecological sensitivity evaluation index system; and finally, after the ecological sensitivity evaluation standard is determined and the ecological sensitivity is graded, performing spatial summation of a environmental impact factor graph by a direct superposition method or weighted superposition method and the like based on the GIS technology so as to obtain a graded graph of the ecological environment sensitivity in the research region. The evaluation method is widely applied in various plans of ecological cities, such as a green land system, a landscape pattern, a natural ecological system, protection of biodiversity and an ecological preservation area. The method has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, high precision and wide application range.

The invention discloses a method and a system for determining a biodiversity protection critical area. The method comprises steps as follows: performing ecological sensitivity analysis on each area ofan ecological system to obtain an ecological sensitivity analysis result; simulating potential habitats of important species in the ecological system to obtain a simulation result; evaluating a service function of the ecological system to obtain an evaluation result; determining weight of the ecological sensitivity analysis result, the simulation result and the evaluation result with an analytichierarchy process; determining the biodiversity protection critical area with a natural breakpoint method of an ArcGIS spatial analysis function. With adoption of the method and the system, systematicness and comprehensiveness of an identification process are improved, and analysis efficiency of the biodiversity protection is improved.

The invention provides a wetland biodiversity protection effect area contrast assessment method based on reference bases in order to solve practical problems of lack of the area comparability of conventional wetland biodiversity protection function assessment and difficult application of assessment results. The contrast assessment method includes: firstly, obtaining habitat quality indexes of eachgrid unit in multiple periods in two research areas; secondly, calculating multi-period habitat quality indexes of national natural reserves in the same research areas, and selecting the maximum values in time sequence data thereof as the reference bases; thirdly, subtracting the reference bases of the research areas respectively by the habitat quality indexes of the grid units of each period; and fourthly, obtaining a contrast assessment result through a time sequence change analysis of a relative quantity of the habitat quality indexes of the two research areas and a relative quantity development trend contrast analysis. According to the method, the protection effect area contrast assessment method is constructed through the contrast mode between the areas of the relative quality of thebiodiversity protection function so that a powerful tool is provided for wetland biodiversity protection management.

The invention discloses a high water table coal area ponding secondary wetland landscape construction method. The method step comprises the following steps: dividing coal district small area sporadic ponding region and large area contiguous ponding region, small area sporadic ponding region and large area contiguous ponding region construction method, constructing a pollution impermeable dyke, constructing a lake enlarging area impermeable layer, establishing a side slope retaining wall, water system balance and maintenance and vegetation and landscape configuration. Through the adoption of the method, the high water table coal area ponding secondary wetland landscape in two types of the small area sporadic ponding region and the large area contiguous ponding region can be constructed from regional scale, not only the ecological benefit can be improved through local microclimate regulation, humidity control, water source purification, water body improvement, and biodiversity conservation, but also the economic benefit can be improved by providing agricultural products and improving peripheral soil value, thereby further improving the service value of the ecological system.

The invention relates to a method for producing amorphophallus konjac hybrid seedling seeds with pollinating insects. The method has a basis of the following 4 key technologies: (1) systematic investigation is carried out upon flower-visiting insects; (2) pollinating insects are further screened from the flower-visiting insects; (3) insects which can be applied in field pollinating seed production are selected from the pollinating insects; and pollinating capacity and effects of the insects are verified; and (4) one or more types of pollinating insects are used in collaborative pollination, or flower-visiting frequency is improved with a hyperchromic effect or by artificially adding a carrion-type low sulfur ether material, such that group seed setting rate and single-plant setting rate are improved. According to the invention, carrion-type insects such as flesh fly, earwig, beetle and rove beetle are used for pollinating, such that production efficiency can be improved, and labor cost can be reduced. The hybrid large-scale seed production cost is substantially lower than artificial pollination cost, such that insect pollination has certain industrial prospect. The insect pollination method also has great practical significance for biodiversity protection and resource conservation.

A river network construction method used for biodiversity conversation and an application of the river network construction method used for the biodiversity conversation analyze and study the river network using an ecological network theory. The river network construction method used for biodiversity conversation and an application of the river network construction method used for the biodiversity conversation belong to the technical field of ecological hydrology. The river network construction method comprises the steps that the position where hydraulic characteristics of the river obviously changes in object river system is defined as an edge of the river network, and the circulation channel between the two positions where the two hydraulic characteristics obviously changes is defined as a node of the river network. The invention further provides an identification method of key nodes in the biodiversity conversation based on river network analysis. A river network module constructed through the river network construction method used for the biodiversity conversation can truly and intuitively reflect the interaction among the elements in river ecological hydrological processes. Through a simple and mature method, the key nodes of the river network can be identified and a key reach in the river system can be identified, so that reliability and anti-interference capability of the river network are improved. In addition, the river network module is significant for the biodiversity conversation and water resource allocation and the like.

The invention relates to a coastal ecological buffer zone structure having a compounding effect. The coastal ecological buffer zone structure comprises an herbaceous permeation zone, a shrub and herbaceous plant purifying zone, an arbor-herbaceous plant purifying zone and a reed purifying zone which are sequentially arranged in the runoff direction of farmland, wherein the herbaceous permeation zone comprises a bottom bearing layer, a gravel filling zone, a soil planting zone and a water reserving zone which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, shrubs and herbaceous plants are plantedin the shrub and herbaceous plant purifying zone, arbors and herbaceous plants are planted in the arbor-herbaceous plant purifying zone, and hygrophytes and herbaceous plants are planted in the reedpurifying zone. Compared with common buffer zones, the coastal ecological buffer zone structure having the compounding effect can achieve remarkable permeation, detention storage and farmland rainwater runoff purification and has the advantages of rainfall flood regulation and storage, water purification, landscaping, biodiversity protection, water and soil conservation, low investment and operation cost and the like.

The invention discloses a method for rapid recovery of plants in a barren mountain. The method comprises steps as follows: A, a local natural forest is searched; B, sample land is selected and divided into blocks with the size being 5m*5m; the variety and the size of plants in each block and common arbors in each block are researched; C, the to-be-recovered barren mountain is divided into grids with the size being 5m*5m, and the variety of plants in each block on the barren mountain is clarified by comparison with that in the blocks of the natural forest; D, different types of plants are planted in different blocks; the variety of the plants planted in each block is determined according to the advantageous community of the researched outdoor natural forest; E, 2-6 years later after planting, complementary planting is performed for dead seedlings and saplings; 6 years later after planting, branches of the larger plants are pruned to provide space for growth of other species, non-local species are selectively cut, and damage by alien species is avoided. The method is economical and convenient, the defect of single man-made forest or planting type is overcome, and natural updating and biodiversity protection of the forest are realized.

The invention relates to the field of ecological protection, and in particular relates to a computer modeling method of green development ecological safety evaluation index in a biodiversity protection priority area. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) selecting indexes; (2) carrying out nondimensionalization on the indexes; (3) carrying out analytic hierarchy process; and (4) computing the comprehensive safety index.

The invention is suitable for the technical field of biodiversity protection and provides a transformation method of a coastal waterfowl ecological protection system and an ecological protection system. The transformation method comprises the site selection step and the structure transformation step, wherein the site selection step is composed of selecting a wetland near sea, and arranging a dam around the periphery of the wetland; and the structure transformation step is composed of transforming the structure of the periphery of the wetland, and transforming the internal structure of the wetland. The ecological protection system comprises the wetland arranged near the sea; the dam is arranged around the periphery of the wetland in a surrounding manner and is provided with an inhabiting structure and a water gate; and one or more small islands used for meeting waterfowls in different types to inhabit and move are arranged in the wetland. According to the transformation method of the coastal waterfowl ecological protection system and the ecological protection system provided by the invention, with adoption of the transformation method, the ecological protection system can be effectively transformed, the self functions of the ecological protection system are promoted, waterfowl inhabiting is facilitated, and the effect of waterfowl protection and the biodiversity are enhanced.

The present invention relates to a community optimization method of a low efficiency-water conservation forest. The method comprises the steps of surveying an indigenous plant community, and determining the current and historical distribution of the indigenous plant community; evaluating the plant community, and screening a plurality of introduction after-culture species facilitating improving a water conservation function; configuring two varieties or more than two varieties of trees of different ages for the landscapes of the low efficiency-water conservation forest according to the above screened introduction after-culture species to increase the degree of heterogeneity of the plant community in the horizontal space; managing the low efficiency-water conservation forest according to the main characteristics and the degeneration reasons of the community of the low efficiency-water conservation forest. The method of the present invention enables the water conservation function of an ecological system to be improved, at the same time, considers the coupling functions, such as the biodiversity protection, the soil conservation, etc., and promotes the healthy, stable and long-term development of the ecological system.

The invention discloses a fast seedling method for introducing Prunus mongolica in loess plateau regions, comprising the following steps: step 1) of pre-processing; step 2) of soaking seeds; step 3) of drying; step 4) of sowing. The method has the following advantages: the Prunus mongolica plays an important role in development of grassland animal husbandry; seedling technology researches of rare and endangered Prunus mongolica in the loess plateau regions are protected remotely; and establishing a Prunus mongolica seed bank is important for protection of the Prunus mongolica. The method plays a positive role for effective utilization and protection of genetic resources of the Prunus mongolica in arid and semi-arid regions, and fills technical gaps for fast breeding the Prunus mongolica in the loess plateau regions. The method is important for mass propagation of the Prunus mongolica in the loess plateau regions and protection of ecological environment and biodiversity in desert regions, and is featured with very significant ecological benefits, social benefits and economic benefits.

The invention provides a comprehensive evaluation method of regional water ecological service value, which comprises the following steps: dividing the regional water ecological service function into product provision, regulation, support and cultural service function; Determining the evaluation index of each function and constructing the evaluation index system of regional aquatic ecosystem service value; Calculating the value of each function according to the index system; According to the calculated value, calculating the total value of the regional water ecological service function, wherein, the evaluation indicators of product function include household water, industrial water, fishery products, hydropower energy storage and water source temperature; The evaluation indexes of regulating function include surface water resource regulation, groundwater resource regulation and recharge, water quality purification, climate regulation, flood irrigation and air purification. The evaluation indexes of supporting functions include carbon sequestration, oxygen release, nutrient cycling, biodiversity conservation, quality of life improvement and prevention of land subsidence. The evaluation indexes of cultural service function include tourism, leisure and entertainment, water landscape function and water culture inheritance.

The invention discloses a remote sensing and GIS-based desert ecosystem red directory assessment method, and belongs to the technical field of biodiversity protection. The method comprises the following steps of: (a) constructing a desert ecosystem classification system; (b) dividing desert ecosystem evaluation vegetation formations; (c) establishing a desert ecosystem threat level assessment standard; (d) calculating a desert ecosystem threat assessment index; (e) dividing desert ecosystem threat levels; and (f) constructing a desert ecosystem red directory. According to the method, rapid desert ecosystem red directory threat level assessment is realized, directories are combined with spatial information of habitat patch degradation so as to provide basis for protection and management oflarge-scale ecosystems, and the problems that ecosystem classification in the existing ecosystem red directory division process is difficult to unify, assessment basic units are difficult to determine, the ecosystem change processes are lack of quantification indexes and batch evaluation is difficult to realize in the macro scale are overcome.

The invention discloses a cultivated land ecological risk evaluation method based on a mean square error weighting method. The method comprises: S1, determining a cultivated land ecological risk source of cultivated land to be subjected to risk evaluation and corresponding evaluation indexes; S2, calculating the weight of each evaluation index by adopting a mean square error weighting method; S3,multiplying the data of each evaluation index in the same year by the corresponding weight to obtain a comprehensive risk index; and S4, according to the comprehensive risk indexes, carrying out function grade division on the ecological risks of the cultivated land to be subjected to risk assessment, and according to a division result, making an ecological risk assessment comprehensive index distribution diagram of the cultivated land to be subjected to risk assessment. The method realizes comprehensive evaluation of various evaluation factors, and has the characteristics of comprehensive andscientific evaluation of the ecological risk of the cultivated land, wide application range and the like. The evaluation method can be applied to planning of land utilization planning, basic farmlandprotection, agricultural industry layout adjustment, biodiversity protection and the like.

The invention discloses an ecological cloud platform data analysis application system. The system comprises an access layer, an interaction interface for a user and the whole analysis application system, a display layer which is used for information visualization, providing an information visualization service and ensuring information visualization; an application layer which integrates all functional services and applications of an analysis application system and is used for system management, data analysis, species management, quantitative evaluation management, biodiversity threat assessment, biodiversity protection mechanisms, species endangered management, species identification and knowledge science popularization; a pushing layer which is used for providing a government platform interface, an enterprise platform interface and a scientific research platform interface; and a data layer which is used for providing data storage services for various types of data generated in the application layer. According to the method, the data is effectively integrated, the limitation of information islands in the field of biological ecological information is broken through, and the favorable data support is provided for industrial development of related fields.

The invention belongs to the field of genetics and biodiversity protection science, and discloses application of a mitochondrion COII gene to identification of Eriocheir sinensis, Japanese Mitten Crabs and / or mitten crabs in a water system of South China. The invention also discloses a method for identifying the Eriocheir sinensis, the Japanese Mitten Crabs and / or the mitten crabs in the water system of South China. The method adopted can effectively and accurately identify the crabs, and requires small sample size, so as to provide a more ideal approach for genetic discrimination and fine breed cultivation of the crabs.

The invention relates to a calculating method for the ecological water demand of plecoglossus altivelis in the fattening period. The calculating method comprises steps as follows: analyzing functionalcharacteristics of fattening farm habitats of the plecoglossus altivelis in the fattening period; analyzing characteristics of periphytic algae; analyzing factors affecting baits of the plecoglossusaltivelis; calculating water velocity and water demand in non-flood period; calculating water velocity and water demand of a fattening farm of the plecoglossus altivelis in the flood period. The conventional calculation for the ecological water demand is short of analysis for problems about the environment required by actual survival and growth of organisms. According to the method, the plecoglossus altivelis which is an endangered species is selected as an ecological protection objective, the functional characteristics of the fattening farm habitats of the plecoglossus altivelis in the fattening period are analyzed firstly, then flow conditions required by the habitat functions are further analyzed, and finally, the calculating method for the proper ecological water demand required by survival and growth of the plecoglossus altivelis in the fattening period is proposed. With the calculation of the ecological water demand, habitat environments and functions of endangered fishes are repaired and improved, the calculation and evaluation method of the ecological water demand is enriched and developed, and scientific basis is provided for biodiversity protection and water resource scheduling management.

The invention discloses a cutting propagation process of psammosilene. The process comprises the following steps: firstly carrying out re-cultivation on the tender stems of the psammosilene female parent; taking a pair of stems with axillary buds and leaves as a cutting propagation unit when the tender stems grow to 3-8cm and cutting all cutting slips; inserting the cut materials on a barbed wire in sequence to ensure that the stem parts at the lower ends of the cutting slips are soaked in culture solution; taking out the cutting slips when the soaked stems are expanded and inserting the cutting slips on a preconfigured and disinfected seedbed; timely removing the flower buds when lateral buds sprout and flower buds appear. The cutting propagation process of psammosilene is capable of remarkably accelerating the propagation speed of the psammosilene, shortening the seedling growing period, improving the germchit quality, providing technical guarantee for accelerating the germchit production of the psammosilene and bringing significance to the biodiversity protection.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological hydrology, and discloses a river network construction method and system for biodiversity protection and application of the river network construction method and system. The river network construction system for biodiversity protection comprises an area range determination module, an area historical data acquisition module, a river segmentation module, a river coastal environment acquisition module, a river type determination module, a river data acquisition module, a central control module, a river network construction module, a river connectivity evaluation module, a biodiversity evaluation module, a suggestion generation module, a data storage module and an update display module. Edges and nodes of the river network are determined based on environment and river data, quantitative analysis is performed on the river in combination with connectivity and biodiversity, influence factors of river factors on biodiversity protection can be determined, suggestions and suggestions of biodiversity protection can be given. The invention has important significance on water resource distribution, biodiversity protection, ecological hydrological analysis and research and the like.

The invention relates to a comprehensive assessment technology for influences and risks of future climate changes on biodiversity and belongs to the technical field of ecological environment protection and climate change. Based on the comprehensive investigation of the characteristics of biodiversity in China, the technology, by using climate change scenario pre-estimation technology, a Monte Carlo method, computer simulation, GIS and risk assessment technology, discipline theories and practices such as climatology and probability theory, establishes an influence and risk assessment index of climate change on biodiversity, a species distribution loss rule, a randomized climate scenario, and a combination of niche models and climate scenarios, simulates a climate change influence, and assesses the influences and risks of future climate changes on biodiversity. The technology is a technical measure for establishing biodiversity protection acclimatization change, protects the biodiversity, and has important social, economical and environmental benefits. The technology is good in operability, low in cost, low in maintenance cost, wide in application range, and especially suitable for the assessment of influences and risks of the climate changes on biodiversity in China.

The invention discloses a biodiversity protection education poker and the application thereof. Pictures of different species are put in a place where simple images are printed originally on each main card of the existing poker; pictures of organs of different parts of the same species are put at four paper cards of same number but different suits; pictures of organs of same parts of different species are put on paper cards of same suit; and the name, the structure and the characteristics of the pictures are marked on each main card. According to the invention, the poker is adopted as the carrier, relevant biologic knowledge is added, and multiple subjects are included, so that students and the public can learn relevant biologic knowledge during entertainment; and simultaneously all of the paper cards of the poker adopt the patterns with typical biologic features which can help the players to recognize different features of living beings of different species visually, so that the biodiversity can be understood; and therefore, the poker provided by the invention has the functions of propagandizing the biodiversity and advocating people to protect the living beings.

The invention discloses a trapping device for preventing and controlling alien invasive freshwater turtles and application. A floating object which is roughly circular and composed of a floating ring, resilient rollers and a wood turnover board is used, the outer side of the floating object extends to the water surface gradually, a slope getting close to the water surface gradually is formed and used for attracting trapped turtles to crawl onto the wood turnover board, the wood turnover board turns downwards by 90 degrees rapidly under the action of gravity of the turtles crawling onto the wood turnover board, then the trapped turtles slide into a stainless steel net cage, escape of the trapped turtles and invasion of other medium and large aquatic organisms are prohibited through the barrel-shaped stainless steel net cage with the top open, and thus trapping of the alien invasive freshwater turtles is achieved; the resilient rollers rebound after the action of gravity of the turtles is lost, and thus recycling of the device is achieved. The device has the advantages of being high in corrosion resistance, durable, low in maintenance cost, good in prevention and control effect and the like, has high practicability and durability, is applied to alien invasive species prevention and control, environmental indicator organism monitoring, biodiversity protection study and science teaching aid markets, and has broad market prospects.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological regulation and control, and discloses an interface ecological regulation and control system and method for a riverside hydro-fluctuation beltof the three gorges reservoir area. The interface ecological regulation and control system is characterized in that a river bank forest land area, a river bank wild flower meadow area and a river bank bush area are arranged on the outer side of a multifunctional buffer area, and the multifunctional buffer area is provided with shallow water area submerged plants, emergent aquatic plant belts, a water border line emergent aquatic plant belt, a low riparian area hygrophyte meadow belt, a riparian upper open forest meadow belt and a transition highland forest belt. According to the interface ecological regulation and control system and method for the riverside hydro-fluctuation belt of the three gorges reservoir area, system structure regulation and control, biological regulation and controland environmental regulation and control are integrated together to form an integral ecological regulation and control system, so that dynamic balance of the hydro-fluctuation belt is realized; by reasonably adjusting a horizontal interface structure, a vertical interface structure, interface substance composition, an interface ecological process and the like, the ecological service function of the interface is enhanced; and through the multifunctional buffer area, the river bank stabilizing and protecting function, the surface runoff intercepting and purifying function, the biodiversity conservation function, the landscaping function, the leisure and recreation function and the like can be achieved.

The invention discloses a mangrove forest afforestation method for intensively weathered tuff geology and intertidal zones with high elevations. The method comprises the steps of a, site preparation,b, planting soil backfilling, c, water channel excavation and d, mangrove plant planting. One year after afforestation is completed, various mangrove nursery stocks grow well, the survival rate of avicennia marina, kandelia candel and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza is not lower than 60%, the survival rate of Rhizophora stylosa and aegiceras corniculatum is not lower than 70%, and the height of the nurserystocks is increased by 10-30 cm. By means of the method, the area of the mangrove forest in coastal areas in southeast and south China can be enlarged, and the important functions of the mangrove forest in the aspects of food supply, germplasm resource preservation, species diversity maintenance, wind prevention, wave dissipation, marine environment purification, ecological balance maintenance, carbon sink maintenance and the like are better played; meanwhile, the created water channel and mangrove forest coexist, diversified habitats are provided, and biodiversity conservation and recovery are better facilitated.

The invention belongs to the field of ecological management, particularly relates to a GIS-based survey and management information system for aquatic organisms in Yangtze River, and provides the following scheme aiming at the problems that the information of the aquatic organisms is not comprehensively and systematically mastered and scientific protection means are lacked in the prior art. The system comprises biological information data acquisition modules, a data analysis module, a data storage module and a GIS module, the biological information data acquisition modules are arranged in monitoring target areas of the Yangtze River, and each biological information data acquisition module comprises a biological acquisition device, a detector with a built-in sonar and an underwater camera, and is used for collecting data sample information of aquatic organisms in the Yangtze River. The system organically combines sampling and analysis of biology and a database development technology and a GIS technology of a computer, scientifically and systematically establishes an survey and management information system by taking the aquatic organisms in the Yangtze River range as main research objects, and lays a solid foundation for carrying out biodiversity protection work by related national departments.

The invention discloses a method and a system for determining a biodiversity protection key area. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring environmental data and important species data of each area of an ecological system; analyzing the acquired environmental data and important species data of each region; obtaining an environmental influence coefficient and a species rich value; comparing the environmental influence coefficients and the species rich values with corresponding environmental coefficient threshold values and rich threshold values; when the corresponding area is in a to-be-verified state, collecting dynamic browsing information of the ecological environment of the corresponding area from a third-party website, and analyzing the browsing information to obtain an attention value of the corresponding area; obtaining a threat coefficient of the corresponding region in combination with the species rich value, the environmental influence coefficient and the attention value of the corresponding region; determining threat coefficients of a to-be-verified area in combination with multiple factors, and determining key areas of biodiversity protection according to the threat coefficients; and the result has more reference significance.

The invention relates to an installation device for an outdoor shooting camera and an application method thereof. The installation device for the outdoor shooting camera comprises an inserting column,wherein a sealing cap is detachably arranged at the upper end of the inserting column; a connecting rotary plate is fixedly arranged at the position, close to the sealing cap, of the outer surface ofthe inserting column; a connecting column is fixedly arranged at the other end of the connecting rotary plate and rotates through the connecting rotary plate; an antitheft box is fixedly arranged onthe outer surface of the upper end of the connecting column; an outlet hole is formed in the position, close to the lower end, of the outer surface of the inserting column; an opening in the upper endof the inserting column communicates with the outlet hole; and the lower end of the inserting column is a sealed end. The installation device for the outdoor shooting camera has the characteristics of simplicity and quickness in installation, high corrosion resistance, durability, good antitheft effect and the like, has good practicability and durability, is applied to biological diversity monitoring, environmental indicator organism monitoring, biological diversity protection research and scientific research markets, and has a wide market prospect.

The invention relates to a calculating method for the ecological water demand of plecoglossus altivelis in the fattening period. The calculating method comprises steps as follows: analyzing functionalcharacteristics of fattening farm habitats of the plecoglossus altivelis in the fattening period; analyzing characteristics of periphytic algae; analyzing factors affecting baits of the plecoglossusaltivelis; calculating water velocity and water demand in non-flood period; calculating water velocity and water demand of a fattening farm of the plecoglossus altivelis in the flood period. The conventional calculation for the ecological water demand is short of analysis for problems about the environment required by actual survival and growth of organisms. According to the method, the plecoglossus altivelis which is an endangered species is selected as an ecological protection objective, the functional characteristics of the fattening farm habitats of the plecoglossus altivelis in the fattening period are analyzed firstly, then flow conditions required by the habitat functions are further analyzed, and finally, the calculating method for the proper ecological water demand required by survival and growth of the plecoglossus altivelis in the fattening period is proposed. With the calculation of the ecological water demand, habitat environments and functions of endangered fishes are repaired and improved, the calculation and evaluation method of the ecological water demand is enriched and developed, and scientific basis is provided for biodiversity protection and water resource scheduling management.

Aiming at the shortcomings of short observation time, high observation error, large workload and low efficiency of long-term continuous manual observation of plant community coverage in terrestrial ecosystems, the present invention invents a plant that can generate long-term sequences and takes two weeks as the time precision. Coverage technology can be used to quantitatively describe the change of plant community cover under the conditions of climate change and human disturbance. The technology first uses soil analyzers and plant monitoring equipment to obtain soil particle size and plant parameters, and combines soil databases to obtain soil hydrological parameters. Then the dynamic vegetation model is used to simulate the plant community coverage, and the digital camera imaging is used to obtain the measured plant coverage, the simulation results are verified and the soil hydrology and vegetation parameters in the database are corrected. The technology and device have the characteristics of low cost, high prediction accuracy, and wide application range, and have important indicative significance for the study of plant dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems and the protection of biodiversity.