92 results about "Three gorges" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for constructing water eutrophication risk analysis model, referring to a prediction/pre-warning method of water quality eutrophication risks. In terms of information technique, this invention includes: firstly creating Bayes network topology structure of water eutrophication risk analysis model via computer programmes in accordance with storage structure and stored content of respective monitoring data in water environment information system; analyzing various influencing factors and correlation causing the water eutrophication risks in adoption of parameter learning; lastly, generating a model via test and modification. Accordingly, the method of this invention takes various influencing factors and correlations thereof into consideration, thereby better analyzing degree of water eutrophication risk, realizing prediction/pre-warning of water eutrophication, and providing foundation of scientific decision to water environment management and water pollution control. As a result, this invention can be widely applied to water eutrophication risk analysis as well as prediction/pre-warning of rivers and lakes, in particular to water eutrophication risk tendency analysis and prediction of the Three Gorges Reservoir area.

The invention discloses a method for constructing water fluctuation belt vegetations of the Three Gorges reservoir by the vertical arrangement of arbor-bush-grass, and relates to a method for constructing reservoir water fluctuation belt vegetations. The method comprises the followings steps of: 1, selecting arbor-bush-grass species which are suitable to be grown in the water fluctuation belts of the Three Gorges reservoir as plant materials; 2, selecting abandoned farmlands or areas where the soil layer is thicker and the terrain is gentle in the water fluctuation belts as a planting base; 3, after the water in the reservoir is receded in spring, cleaning residual vegetations, and flattening the lands; 4, at an altitudinal gradient, from bottom to top, planting annual plants, perennial plants, bushes and arbors in sequence; and 5, managing the vegetations according to the common method. In the method, the vegetations are planted on the suitable areas in the water fluctuation belts, so that the soil corrosion is controlled, the landscape is improved, and the ecological benefits of the water fluctuation belts are improved; the large-scaled popularization of the method is convenient; and the method is suitable to be used for not only constructing the vegetations on the water fluctuation belts of the Three Gorges reservoir, but also beautifying the landscape and re-constructing the vegetations in the reservoir water fluctuation belts in regions where all or a part of 12 species are suitable to be grown.

The invention discloses an amphibious floating island suitable for a riparian zone. The amphibious floating island comprises floating bed units and fixing devices, wherein the fixing devices are fixedly arranged along the embankment direction, a plurality of floating bed units are longitudinally and horizontally arranged along the bank, and adjacent floating bed units are in flexible connection with each other through a rope lock. The invention also discloses a construction method of a revetment applying the amphibious floating island. The construction method mainly comprises the steps of fixing the floating island at the highest water line in the riparian zone of a reservoir, and arranging emergent aquatic plants which accord with the regional characteristics of the Three Gorges reservoir region on the floating island. The floating island is simple in structure and flexible in application, and can produce a corresponding 'bending' phenomenon in the process of matching with the increase amount of water level. The emergent aquatic plants on the floating island can satisfy the requirement on improvement of the ecological environment of a water body, and afforest the bare riparian zone when the water level falls without secondary pollution, so that the amphibious floating island has an eco-friendly effect, and is especially suitable for littoral zones with great water level fluctuation.

The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, in particular to preparation of citrus proprietary formula fertile being suitable for purple shale soil and applications thereof, which is characterized in that the fertilizer comprises the following effective elements according to pure nutrient in weight percent: 14-18% of nitrogen, 8-10% of phosphorus pentoxide, 8-12% of potassium oxide, 8% of humic acid, 0.05-0.08% of pure boron, and 0.6-1% of zinc oxide; or 12-15% of nitrogen, 6-10% of phosphorus pentoxide, 12-15% of potassium oxide, and 8% of humic acid. The citrus proprietary formula fertile is more suitable for citrus orchards in Three Gorge area, and solves the problems of super high citrus density in the area, single fertilizer types, unreasonable fertilizer proportioning, low fertilizer utilization, and decreased output and quality and the like. By the invention, the yield of the Newhall navel orange is increased by 38.53% and 23.04%, the yield of the Robertson Navel orange is increased by 10.68% and 21.14%, and the yield of the Cara Navel orange is increased by 25% and 15.38% for two consecutive years; and the content of fruit vitamin C is improved by 2-5mg/100g, and the fruit commodity is good.

The invention discloses a comprehensive control method for the town water pollution in the three gorges reservoir area, comprising a method for controlling a series of pollutants such as the town industrial and domestic pollution sources discharged out of the small-town area and the city area, the urban non-point source pollution caused by the rainfall runoff generation and the like, so that the comprehensive control method has the characteristics of being feasible in technology, reasonable in economical efficiency, remarkable in combined effect and the like, and the defect that the existing pollutant control method is single in implementation mode, free from technology support, and free from pertinence can be overcome. By respectively setting a water pollution control method for the small-town area of the three gorges reservoir area and the residential district, the dense population business district and the industrial park of the city region, the comprehensive control method for the town water pollution in the three gorges reservoir area is integrated, so that the powerful technology support can be provided for realizing the total water quality target requirement and the pollution abatement work in the three gorges reservoir area of China, and the example can be provided for the town water pollution control of various hydraulic and hydro-power engineering reservoir areas in the western China.

The invention discloses a monitoring system and a monitoring method for ships in typical sections of the Three Gorges Reservoir. The system comprises a ship position acquisition device, a ship position database server, a ship information database server, a three-dimensional monitoring platform and other devices, wherein ship three-dimensional monitoring platform software running on the three-dimensional monitoring platform includes two-dimensional ship monitoring sub-platform software, a two-dimensional electronic navigation channel chart, three-dimensional view coordinated control software and three-dimensional ship monitoring sub-platform software. The method comprises the steps of acquiring and sending ship position information in real time, gathering ship position information in the Reservoir in real time, superposing the ship position information on the two-dimensional electronic navigation channel chart, switching to a three-dimensional mode as needed, and conducting virtual reality simulation on hydrological and meteorological data. Due to three-dimensional simulation of the typical sections and real-time ship position display, motion information of ships passing through the Three Gorges Reservoir can be displayed intuitively and vividly, thus providing technical support and playing an application demonstrative role in the implementation of water transportation emergency response systems in China.

The invention discloses a method for constructing an artificially natural slope-type terrace land in the Three Gorges reservoir area. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) calculating rill erosion critical slope length of a gentle slope by utilizing a rill erosion generation critical value and a tillage erosion theory; and (b) sequentially constructing sand-blocking terrace banks along the slope according to interval positions larger than the rill erosion critical slope length, wherein the bottom surfaces of all the sand-blocking terrace banks extend into soil below an original slope line, the top surfaces of all the sand-blocking terrace banks are higher than the original slope lines, and between every two adjacent sand-blocking terrace banks, the top surface of the next-stage sand-blocking terrace bank and the bottom surface of the last-stage sand-blocking terrace bank are located on the same isohypse line. The sand-blocking terrace banks are ridge-type sand-blocking terrace banks or simple civil-engineering-type sand-blocking terrace banks or plant-fence-type sand-blocking terrace banks. The method has the characteristics of low cost, easiness for popularization, high benefit and the like.

The invention belongs to the technical field of a water environment simulation method, and particularly relates to a method for predicating and analyzing the water quantity and quality coupling simulation in an oversized river basin. The method comprises river basin multi-box division, single-box pollution check computation, single-box water quantity and quality coupling mode establishing, multi-box nesting and multi-box water quantity and quality coupling simulation. The method is mainly characterized in that a box body model and a water quantity and quality coupling theory are integrated into an oversized river basin (such as the Three Gorges river basin, the Yangtze river basin, large-scale lakes and water reservoirs) water quality simulation process so as to carry out system simulation and predication on water quantity and quality conditions in the oversized river basin. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the computation is efficient, the operation is convenient, the requirements on data information are less, the complex problems caused by size difference and uncertainty are effectively treated, the technical defect of the water quantity and quality coupling simulation of the oversized river basin is filled, and information such as water pollution situation is provided for river basin management.

The invention relates to a three gorges reservoir area water body eutrophication risk assessment early warning system and an analysis method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of water resource early warning. The system comprises a data acquisition subsystem, a preprocessing subsystem, a data analysis subsystem, an eutrophication evaluation subsystem, a risk early warning subsystem and anauxiliary subsystem. The data acquisition subsystem acquires various types of index parameters and stores the acquired data into a database. The preprocessing subsystem classifies, sorts and screensthe collected data, performs data normalization and dimension removal processing, and provides a basis for subsequent data analysis. Evaluation and early warning are objective and accurate, reservoirarea water eutrophication trend analysis and risk early warning processing can be timely and efficiently achieved, reservoir area water environment supervision efficiency can be improved, and technical support is provided for reservoir area water environment safety and eutrophication prevention and control. And the method can also be applied to eutrophication risk research of other reservoirs similar to rivers and lakes.

The invention discloses a terrace bank construction method for changing slope farmland into level terraces in the reservoir area of the Three Gorges. The slope farmland consists of a plurality of transversely-partitioned cultivation units; a terrace bank for soil reinforcement walking is built on the outer side of every cultivation unit; all terrace banks include stone banks and soil banks; the soil banks are always arranged between every two stone banks; the terrace bank on the outer side of the cultivation unit on the bottommost layer of a slope surface is a stone bank; every cultivation unit is cultivated by keeping the original slope farmland micro-topographic feature; and the soil banks are positioned on the outer edges of the original cultivation units. The method has the advantages of reduction in the cost investment, convenience for agricultural cultivation, good water and soil conservation effect and easy acceptance by farmers.

The invention relates to an EFDC (environmental fluid dynamics code) model integration method for the Three Gorges reservoir area and belongs to the field of informationization. The method comprises the steps of: packaging a model module based on the EFDC so that a model file is controllable, wherein the model module includes an EFDC input file, an output file and a master control file; providinginterface services for corresponding model calling functions; for meeting the need for the use of an actual model of a water quality safety evaluation and warning system of the Three Gorges reservoirarea, performing integrating to achieve preprocessing and postprocessing of model data in an information system, calling model interface services to transmit input parameters to the model, activatingcomputing, extracting computing results, and storing the results in a model database; after integrating, allowing the model database to become a core database of the information system and to be integrated to basic space data, special-purpose space data and special-purpose data, so that GIS-based (geographic information system-based) visual expression of model examples is achieved.

The invention discloses a mixed-sowing method of forage grass in a high altitude area of the Three Gorges reservoir area, comprising soil preparation before sowing, mixed sowing and fertilizer application, wherein the mixed sowing means mixed sowing of orchard grass seeds, trifolium repens seeds and alfalfa seeds, and specifically comprises the following steps of: performing row-spaced drilling on the orchard grass seeds and the alfalfa seeds, with row spacing of 0.3m; and uniformly sowing the trifolium repens seeds among the rows of the orchard grass seeds and the alfalfa seeds, wherein the dosage ratio of the orchard grass seeds to the trifolium repens seeds to the alfalfa seeds is 1: (1 to 1.6): (1 to 1.6), in parts by weight. The leguminous forage grass and gramineous forage grass selected for the mixed-sowing of forage grass disclosed by the invention are featured with heat resistance, drought resistance and leanness resistance, and are mixed-sowed with each other, thus adequately utilizing light energy and increasing photosynthates; additionally, the leguminous forage grass has a high protein content and the rhizobia of the leguminous forage grass has a function of nitrogen fixation, thus remarkably increasing the yield of the forage grass, and improving the quality of the forage grass and soil fertility, so that the advantages of the leguminous forage grass are very prominent. The method disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient, and simple in operation; and the artificial pasture established by the method has the characteristics of heat resistance, drought resistance and leanness resistance.

The invention discloses a three gorges reservoir water temperature prediction method based on principal component analysis and a neural network. The method comprises the steps of collecting a multivariable three gorges reservoir water temperature data set; judging the integrity of the three gorges reservoir water temperature data set; performing feature selection on the water temperature data; performing feature extraction, performing feature dimension reduction processing on the new data set by using a principal component analysis method, and dividing the data set subjected to feature dimension reduction processing into a training set and a test set; establishing a neural network prediction model, carrying out parameter optimization, inputting a training set, and carrying out sample learning; inputting a test set, and carrying out model evaluation; and measuring water temperature and characteristic data of the three gorges reservoir, carrying out characteristic selection and characteristic extraction, taking the characteristic selection and characteristic extraction as input of a neural network prediction model, and predicting the water temperature of the three gorges reservoir byadopting the neural network prediction model. According to the method, the prediction precision is effectively improved, the calculation amount of the prediction model is reduced, and the data rationality is improved.

The invention discloses a landslide monitoring and early-warning system for the Three Gorges Dam body. The landslide monitoring and early-warning system comprises a sensor node system, a relay node system and a monitoring and early-warning system, wherein the sensor node system and the relay node system are in wireless communication; the relay node system and the monitoring and early-warning system are communicated through a 4G network; the sensor node system comprises a sensor module, a data acquisition module, a data conversion module, a first processor module and a wireless transmission mode which are connected in sequence; the relay node system comprises a second wireless transmission module, a regulating circuit, an A/D conversion module, a second processor module and a SIM module which are connected in sequence; the monitoring and early-warning system comprises a monitoring center. By adopting the landslide monitoring and early-warning system for the Three Gorges Dam body, the problem that landslide cannot be effectively warned early by using a common monitoring device because of the unique geographical conditions of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region can be solved, the landslide situations of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region can be monitored in real time, and alarm modes of different grades can be issued according to different evaluation results.

The invention discloses a multi-intercepting and treating system for agricultural non-point source pollution in a three gorges reservoir area small watershed. The multi-intercepting and treating system comprises multiple levels of ecological units arranged from top to bottom along the hilly land. The ecological units comprise housing estate units distributed on the top of the hilly land, drought sloping field units located on the upper middle portion of the hilly land and below housing estates, paddy field zone units located below the drought sloping field units, hydro-fluctuation zone units located below the paddy field zone units, and a riverway located at the bottom of the hilly land and below the hydro-fluctuation zone units. A control system combining the source controlling, the process blocking and terminal regulating and controlling is formed, the agricultural non-point source pollution can be effectively intercepted and treated, and the multi-intercepting and treating system is especially suitable for preventing the agricultural non-point source pollution in the three gorges reservoir area small watershed.

The invention relates to a manual soil bed quick-seepage sewage treatment system. The bottom plate of a quick-seepage pool is provided with an anti-seepage layer; a bearing layer is arranged on the anti-seepage layer; and a seepage and drain pipe is arranged between the anti-seepage layer and the bearing layer and is used for absorbing water; and water is discharged from a water outlet weir through a height-adjustable weir plate. The bearing layer is composed of a lower pebble layer and an upper haydite layer. The upper part of the bearing layer is a treatment layer, and the treatment layer is a mixed layer composed of soil and river sand. Plants are grown on the surface of the treatment layer, and the surface of the quick-seepage pool is provided with a water distribution system. The invention has the characteristics of strengthened reoxygenation effect, high removal rate of ammonia nitrogen, good outlet water quality, low investment, low energy consumption, simple and convenient operational management and the like. The system is especially suitable for soil and climatic conditions in mountain areas and hill towns (such as towns in the Three Gorges reservoir region).

The invention discloses a preparation method of biochar by adaptable vegetation in Three Gorges and an application thereof. The biochar of the adaptable vegetation in the water-level-fluctuating zonesof branches of Three Gorges reservoir region is adopted as a research object, the adaptable vegetation (cynodon dactylon) is utilized as a core material for preparing the biochar, the influence of the modified biochar of the adaptable vegetation on the nitrogen adsorbing effect is researched, the char prepared by adopting the cynodon dactylon as the material and the modified char have higher adsorption for ammonium and nitrogen in solution respectively, which is possibly related to carbon content and cation exchange capacity; the biochar has the characteristics of a developed porous structure, a large surface area, more surface negative charges and a high charge density and the like, so that the ion exchange capacity and the nutrient adsorbing effect of the biochar can be enhanced; inorganic ions in water, soil or deposits can be adsorbed and immobilized by the biochar, and the biochar has stronger adsorbing capacity to NH4+-N ions.

The invention discloses a calculation method for carrying out inverse estimation on a Three Gorges Reservoir interval inflow process. The calculation method comprises the following steps of: S1: collecting data including an entrance and exit boundary water level discharge, main stream and tributary river sections in a reservoir interval and the drainage area of each small tributary in the reservoir interval; S2: establishing a one-dimensional unsteady flow hydrodynamic model of the main stream and tributary rivers of the Three Gorges Reservoir; S3: firstly, independently giving a fixed hypothetical value to each afflux small tributary daily average discharge of the reservoir interval, then, adopting an established hydrodynamic model to carry out reservoir interval water flow transportation calculation, and distributing a difference value between a daily outflow discharge process calculation value and a practical measurement value into each afflux small tributary of the reservoir interval so as to obtain the inflow process value of each small tributary of the interval; and S4: carrying out manual correction on parts of moment values, which are obtained by calculation, in the inflow process of each small tributary of the interval. By use of the calculation method for carrying out inverse estimation on the Three Gorges Reservoir interval inflow process, the problems of the total amount, the process and the space distribution of interval inflow can be simultaneously solved, calculation accuracy is high, and a technical support can be provided for reservoir scheduling.

The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating agricultural non-point source pollution for rice field ridge culture in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region small watershed. Paddy fields in the outlet of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region small watershed are selected, and ridging is carried out in the paddy fields to structure a ridge culture rice field ecological system. When the ridging is carried out, ridges are made to be parallel to one another and perpendicular to the water flow direction, S-shaped overflowing channels are formed in the ridge ends and among the ridges in each paddy field, water flow is made to be only able to pass through the S-shaped overflowing channels, so that the passing paths and the standing time of the water flow can be prolonged, and crop cultivation of the paddy fields is carried out on the ridges. According to the method, the existing utilization mode of fields and the planting pattern are changed, field occupation is not increased additionally, preventing and treating effects are good, the problem of food productivity is solved, and the method is specially suitable for preventing and treating the agricultural non-point source pollution for the rice field ridge culture in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region small watershed.

The invention belongs to the field of asexual propagation technologies for plants, and particularly relates to a cutting method for Salix varega ta Franch. The cutting method for the Salix varega ta Franch includes steps of a, preparing cutting seedling beds, in other words, selecting cutting locations, preparing the cutting seedling beds, and proportioning, paving and disinfecting cutting matrixes; b, performing cutting on the Salix varega ta Franch in the seedling beds in a period from April to October; c, preparing for cutting, in other words, collecting cutting strips, processing the cutting strips and performing cutting on the cutting strips; d, managing water, temperature, illumination and fertilizers after cutting is completed. The cutting method has the advantages that owing to the cultivation mode, a large quantity of Salix varega ta Franch can be subjected to cutting, a success rate can reach 99%, and the problem that planting requirements of hydro-fluctuation belts in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze river cannot be met due to rare existing wild Salix varega ta Franch plants can be solved; the problem of water and soil loss of two banks of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze river can be effectively solved.

The invention discloses a rapid predicting method for the sand content of a reservoir-exiting sand peak of the Three Gorges reservoir in the flood period. The rapid predicting method comprises the steps that firstly, a reservoir tail main stream control hydrometric station is selected as a sand peak reservoir-entering station, and a nearest main stream control hydrometric station in the downstreamposition of a dam is selected as a sand peak reservoir-exiting station; secondly, the average daily sand peak sand content S<enter> of the sand peak reservoir-entering station, the flood detention reservoir capacity V<start> corresponding to the average daily in-front-of-dam water level on the day when a sand peak appears in the sand peak reservoir-entering station, and the average daily flow Q<exit 1> of the sand peak reservoir-exiting station on the day when the sand peak appears in the sand peak reservoir-entering station are collected, and a supposed value of the average daily flow Q<sand> of the sand peak reservoir-exiting station on the sand peak reservoir-exiting day is given in advance according to the actual condition; thirdly, the sand peak reservoir-exiting ratio S<exit>/S<enter> of the reservoir is calculated according to the formula (please see the specifications for the formula); and fourthly, the sand content S<exit> of the reservoir-exiting sand peak of the reservoir is calculated according to S<exit>/S<enter> and S<enter>. According to the rapid predicting method of the sand content of the reservoir-exiting sand peak, the river way terrain, the water and sand reservoir-entering and reservoir-exiting process, the in-front-of-dam water level process and a water and sand transportation mathematical model are not needed, required information is less and easy to obtain, calculation is easy and convenient, and the accuracy is high.

The invention relates to a fertilization method for sugar grass. The fertilization method is characterized in that a cultivated field is in a low-altitude area which is lower than 500m in the Three Gorges Dam area in China; the soil is yellow soil; the pH value of the soil is 7.2; the dosage of a nitrogenous fertilizer in unit area is 150-250kg/hm<2>; the dosage of a phosphatic fertilizer in unit area is 70-120kg/hm<2>; the dosage of a potash fertilizer in unit area is 70-120kg/hm<2>; 40% of a nitrogenous fertilizer, all the phosphatic fertilizer and the potash fertilizer are taken as base fertilizers; the residual 60% of the nitrogenous fertilizer is used as top application after being cut for the first time and the second time respectively according to the mean dosage; the base fertilizers are fertilized one day before seeding; all the phosphatic fertilizer and the potash fertilizer, and the 40% of the nitrogenous fertilizer are evenly mixed and sprayed on the surface and then are covered; 3-5 seeds are fed to each nest by using a nest sowing method; the seeding amount is 30kg/hm<2>; the nest distance is 30-40cm; and watering is timely carried out after seeding. By adopting the method, the roles of the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphatic fertilizer and the potash fertilizer can be effectively and fully played; the yield of the sugar grass is improved; the quality of the sugar grass is improved; the palatability of the sugar grass is enhanced; and the fertilization method is especially suitable for the Three Gorges Dam area in China and another areas which are similar to the Three Gorges Dam area in China on the aspects of environments and climatic conditions.

The invention discloses a construction method of a system for preventing and controlling water and soil loss of white mulberries in purple-soil dry slope land of the Three Gorges reservoir region. An ecosystem for preventing and controlling water and soil loss is constructed by the mode of planting white mulberries. The method comprises following steps of: 1), selecting purple-soil dry slope land of below 25 degrees and over 3cm in width and constructing multiple cross slopes along contour lines; planting white mulberries on partial cross slopes in order to form mulberry strips; gradually increasing the strip distance between adjacent mulberry strips from the lower end to the top of the purple-soil dry slope land such that the overall strip distance is dense at the upper part and is loosen at the lower part; wherein lengths of mulberry strips is the same as the width of the purple-soil dry slope land; 2), planting crops on cross slopes between every two cross slopes planted with white mulberries; and 3) dwarfing and pruning white mulberries in the step 1) regularly each year. The construction method of system for preventing and controlling water and soil loss of white mulberries in purple-soil dry slope land of the Three Gorges reservoir region has following beneficial effects: fine ecological suitability and anti adversity capability are obtained; by adopting the mode of using mulberries as fences, the white mulberry system in purple-soil dry slope land of the Three Gorges reservoir region is constructed so that good ecologic and economic benefit are obtained.

The invention relates to a large-scale cargo truck ro-ro passenger ship in inland waters. The large-scale cargo truck ro-ro passenger ship comprises a ship body, a main deck and multiple layers of upper decks, wherein the underwater mold line header of the ship body is a large-transition U-shaped longitudinal flow header, the middle part of the ship body is an S-shaped large-outward-drift horizontal section, at least two large-immersion ball tails are arranged at the tail part of the ship body, and a propeller is arranged on each large-immersion ball; the main deck is arranged in the middle of the ship body, and the main deck is connected with one or more upper decks through supporting columns and inclined box type powerful supporting columns. The large-scale cargo truck ro-ro passenger ship disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the large-scale cargo truck ro-ro passenger ship can be suitable for sailing in the inland waters and particularly sailing in three gorge reservoir areas, the large-scale cargo truck ro-ro passenger ship is spacious, and the weight of a single cargo truck is more than 40t according to the loading capacity of the large-scale cargo truck ro-ro passenger ship.