37 results about "Bipolar electrochemistry" patented technology

Methods are provided for making bipolar electrochemical devices, such as batteries, using electrophoresis. A bipolar device is assembled by applying a field that creates a physical separation between two active electrode materials, without requiring insertion of a discrete separator film or electrolyte layer.

A bipolar, filter press-like electrochemical cell stack comprising a plurality of electrochemical cells, where each electrochemical cell is supplied with a gaseous anodic reactant and either supplied with a gaseous cathodic reactant or produces a gaseous cathodic product, and where each electrochemical cell avoids drying out the ion exchange membrane polymer electrolyte, avoids flooding at the cathode, facilitates recovery of liquid water at the anode, and reduces water losses from at least one of the electrodes. A water retention barrier is variously positioned, such as between a gas diffusion electrode and a fluid flow field. The barrier may be either: (i) a thin, gas permeable, liquid water impermeable membrane; (ii) a thin, porous sheet of material; or (iii) a thin, substantially solid sheet of material except for a plurality of small through-holes that penetrate from one side of the sheet to an opposing side of the same sheet. The barrier is advantageously used at the cathode and facilitates air cooling of the cell.

Methods are provided for making bipolar electrochemical devices, such as batteries, using electrophoresis. A bipolar device is assembled by applying a field that creates a physical separation between two active electrode materials, without requiring insertion of a discrete separator film or electrolyte layer.

Concentric bipolar electrode sensors and assemblies provide for and / or facilitate detection and diagnosis of the non-obstructive and pro-inflammatory atherosclerotic lesions in human arteries during catheterization using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Fabrication techniques for concentric bipolar electrode sensors are also described.

A technique is described for the formation of nano and micro-scale patterns and optical wave-guides, by using Bipolar Electrochemistry. Atoms are deposited or removed from a surface by creating and moving ions into or out of a medium by the use of electric fields, currents, and induced surface charges. To improve the deposition process, lasers, electron, and ion lenses can be positioned over the surface being deposited to further define the pattern being created. This technique does not harm the surface or crystal lattice of the substrate being deposited on and is powerful enough to transport dopants completely through a substrate. The technique can be used to expose electron beam activated resist which can be used in traditional fabrication processes or to create wave-guides connecting separate optical or electro-optical devices together. As a result smaller and newer types of integrated circuits, electronic devices, and micro machines can be fabricated. The technique can also be used to improve current fabrication processes, the repair of faulty devices, and the imaging of surfaces and hidden dopants.

The bipolar electrochemical battery of the invention comprises:a stack of at least two electrochemical cells electrically arranged in series with the positive face of each cell contacting the negative face of an adjacent cell, wherein each of the cells comprises(a) a negative electrode;(b) a positive electrode;(c) a separator between the electrodes, wherein the separator includes an electrolyte;(d) a first electrically conductive lamination comprising a first inner metal layer and a first polymeric outer layer, said first polymeric outer layer having at least one perforation therein to expose the first inner metal layer, said first electrically conductive lamination being in electrical contact with the outer face of the negative electrode; and(e) a second electrically conductive lamination comprising a second inner metal layer and a second polymeric outer layer, said second polymeric outer layer having at least one perforation therein to expose the second inner metal layer, said second electrically conductive lamination being in electrical contact with the outer face of the positive electrode; wherein the first and second laminations are sealed peripherally to each other to form an enclosure including the electrodes, the separator and the electrolyte.

A bipolar lithium-ion electrochemical battery having increased capacity.

Dissymmetric particles also called Janus particles of micron or submicron size and methods of synthesis of Janus particles by bipolar electrochemistry, based on substrates of isotropic or anisotropic shape. The particles include an electrically conductive substrate having at least a chemically and / or physically modified part by deposit of a layer of electrochemically depositable material, and a non-modified part. The particles are of isotropic shape, and the layer of electrochemically depositable material has a specific shape delimited by a precise contour.

Provided is a stacking type quasi-bipolar electrochemical cell having a reliable, easy-to-manufacture, and simple structure. The electrochemical cell includes: an electrode including a current collector, and positive and negative active material layers disposed at both sides of the current collector and spaced apart from each other with a current collector extension part being located therebetween, wherein a polarity of the electrode is used as an opposite polarity in a neighboring cell; an electrode assembly formed by stacking a plurality of electrodes including the electrode; and an electric connection part connecting some of the electrodes of the electrode assembly which are included in the same series, the electric connection part connecting the some electrodes in parallel.

A casing for a lithium bipolar electrochemical battery including a bipolar element. The casing includes a composite material including a matrix and at least one porous reinforcement, the matrix of which includes at least one hardened polymer impregnating the at least one porous reinforcement, wherein the at least one porous reinforcement and the at least one hardened polymer encase the bipolar element and maintain a determined pressure on either side of the bipolar element to maintain a determined contact between its constituents.

The present invention relates to a continuous bipolar electrochemically based reactor for the purpose of destroying free cyanide by direct and indirect oxidation and removing its strong complexes like ferrocyanide and ferricyanide by electrocoagulation. The designed reactor consists of four main sections, including electrooxidation, hydraulic mixing, electrocoagulation, and precipitation tank. The order of sections results in having a combination of reactions which separately remove cyanide and its compounds. The designed reactor shows a high flexibility in terms of handling highly variable kinds and concentrations of cyanide in the industrial wastewater effluents.

Provided is a stacking type quasi-bipolar electrochemical cell having a reliable, easy-to-manufacture, and simple structure. The electrochemical cell includes: an electrode including a current collector, and positive and negative active material layers disposed at both sides of the current collector and spaced apart from each other with a current collector extension part being located therebetween, wherein a polarity of the electrode is used as an opposite polarity in a neighboring cell; an electrode assembly formed by stacking a plurality of electrodes including the electrode; and an electric connection part connecting some of the electrodes of the electrode assembly which are included in the same series, the electric connection part connecting the some electrodes in parallel.

An article for forming an electrochemical device is disclosed. The article comprises a metallic current collector clad with an ion conducting solid-electrolyte material such that intimate contact between the current collector and the ion conducting solid-electrolyte material is made. A lithium metal anode can be formed in situ between the current collector clad and the ion conducting solid-electrolyte material from lithium ions contained within a cathode material that is placed in contact with the ion conducting solid-electrolyte material. A bipolar electrochemical cell can be constructed from the article.

The invention provides a preparation method of medical titanium surface gradient nanometer silver, and relates to the field of medical titanium surface coating modification. The method comprises the following steps of performing medical titanium foil surface pretreatment; preparing TiO2 nanometer tubes; preparing silver ion-containing electrolyte; performing bipolar electrochemical reaction experiment to obtain the medical titanium surface gradient nanometer silver. A gradient nanometer silver coating built on a medical titanium surface with a combination of a conventional electrochemical anode oxidization method and a bipolar electrochemical method; by selecting a proper electrolyte formula and controlling electrochemical parameters, the nanometer silver with the variable particle gradient change can be obtained; a prepared TiO2 nanometer tube arrays have a regular array shape; the arrangement is tight. Nanometer silver particles prepared on the surface of the TiO2 nanometer tube array realize the dimension gradient change. In a short time, the gradient nanometer silver particles can be prepared and obtained in one step on the surface of the titanium nanometer tubes by using the bipolar electrochemical method. The characteristics that the process is simple; the time consumption is short; the realization and the control are easy, and the like are achieved. When the preparationmethod is applied to the high-flux screening of nanometer silver particle antibiosis, the characteristics of high efficiency and high speed are realized.

An article for forming an electrochemical device is disclosed. The article comprises a metallic current collector clad with an ion conducting solid-electrolyte material such that intimate contact between the current collector and the ion conducting solid-electrolyte material is made. A lithium metal anode can be formed in situ between the current collector clad and the ion conducting solid-electrolyte material from lithium ions contained within a cathode material that is placed in contact with the ion conducting solid-electrolyte material. A bipolar electrochemical cell can be constructed from the article.

The invention relates to novel casing for a lithium bipolar electrochemical battery (A) including a bipolar element. According to the invention, the casing is formed by a composite material including a matrix and at least one porous reinforcement, the matrix of which includes at least one hardened polymer with which the porous reinforcement(s) are impregnated. The porous reinforcement(s) (4) and the hardened polymer(s) (5) encase the bipolar element (1) and maintain a predetermined pressure on either side of the latter, so as to maintain a predetermined contact between the components thereof.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a porous aluminum oxide die plate with the pore diameter and thickness gradient change, namely, under the condition of bipolar electrochemical anodic oxidation, an aluminum sheet generates a reaction in an ethylene glycol solution of oxalic acid to generate a PAA film with the pore diameter and thickness in gradient distribution. On the same aluminumsheet, the maximum ratio of the maximum pore diameter to the minimum pore diameter on the PAA film is 6.0, the maximum ratio of the maximum thickness to the minimum thickness is 6.4, and the pore diameter, the thickness and the gradient change can be regulated by changing the voltage and the oxalic acid concentration. By the adoption of the method, the PAA film with regular pore diameter and thickness in gradient distribution can be obtained by one-time preparation on the aluminum sheet, and the aluminum sheet does not need to be directly connected with a power line, and the process is simpleand controllable.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing ethylene and oxalic acid from acetylene by a bipolar electrochemical technology. The method comprises the following steps that 0.5 to 2.0 mol / L of electrolyte is added into an electrolytic tank with an isolation membrane, a negative pole and a positive pole and then undergoes electrolysis under the conditions of a room temperature and current density of 40 to 140 mA / cm<2>; acetylene gas is fed into a negative pole chamber and a positive pole chamber simultaneously, wherein acetylene gas in the negative pole chamber undergoes an in-situ reduction reaction with reducing agent hydrogen atoms or hydrogen produced by the electrolysis to produce ethylene, and acetylene gas in the positive pole chamber undergoes an in-situ oxidation reaction withoxidizing agent oxygen atoms or oxygen produced by the electrolysis to produce oxalic acid; and unreacted acetylene-hydrogen mixed gas discharged from the negative pole chamber and unreacted acetylene-oxygen mixed gas discharged from the positive pole chamber are circularly fed respectively into the negative pole chamber and the positive pole chamber for re-reaction. The method simplifies reaction processes, shortens reaction time, saves energy, does not produce secondary pollution and is an environmentally friendly reduction and oxidation synthesis method.

Dissymmetric particles also called Janus particles of micron or submicron size and methods of synthesis of Janus particles by bipolar electrochemistry, based on substrates of isotropic or anisotropic shape. The particles include an electrically conductive substrate having at least a chemically and / or physically modified part by deposit of a layer of electrochemically depositable material, and a non-modified part. The particles are of isotropic shape, and the layer of electrochemically depositable material has a specific shape delimited by a precise contour.

The invention discloses a universal two-electrode modified electrode unit and a preparation method and application thereof. A conductive electrode material substrate is prepared by a photoetching method, a polydimethylsiloxane chip serves as a liquid storage tank, and a cathode and an anode are respectively modified by an electrochemically deposited inert metal protective film and reduced grapheneoxide to obtain the modified electrode unit. The modified electrode unit has outstanding electrocatalytic activity and stability, has very good sensitiveness and reproducibility when used for detecting such biomolecules as hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid, and can be connected in parallel into an electrode assembly for batch detection or connected in series into an isolated bipolar electrode to be applied to such fields as bipolar electrochemiluminescence.

The invention discloses a method for quickly preparing a highly-regular porous anodic aluminum oxide template. The method comprises the following steps that a polished aluminum sheet is folded into aU shape, the two ends of the aluminum sheet are respectively inserted into two independent electrolytic cells, graphite plates are respectively inserted into the two independent electrolytic cells, and the two graphite plates are respectively parallel to the two ends of the aluminum sheet with equal distance; and the total voltage loaded on the two graphite plates is 58-62V, and the temperature ofelectrolyte is 25+ / -2 DEG C. Under the condition of closed bipolar electrochemical anodic oxidation, the aluminum sheet quickly reacts in the high-concentration oxalic acid electrolyte to generate ahighly-regular PAA film, the maximum oxidation current density reaches 151 mA cm<-2>, the maximum growth speed of the PAA film is 2.0[mu]m / min, according to the method, the growth speed of the PAA film can be controlled by changing the solution in the two electrolytic cells and the area of the aluminum sheet in the cathode electrolytic cell, the PAA film grown under high current density is not prone to breakdown, and the aluminum sheet can achieve the anodic oxidation process without wiring through the method.

Bipolar electrochemistry (BPE) concepts are used to provide a single-step and controllable process for simultaneously exfoliating a graphite source and depositing both graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide layers on conductive substrates. A bipolar electrochemical cell can be used for a three-in-one deposition and can include two wired pieces of graphite to monitor the amount of current that passes through the bipolar electrode.

Semiconductor wafer wireless photoelectrochemical mechanical polishing method: fix the wafer on the polishing head; paste the polishing pad on the bottom of the polishing plate with the same diameter; set a pair of positive and negative electrodes on the bottom wall of the through hole, and merge them into the two bus lines on the top of the plate , connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply through a conductive slip ring; during processing, ultraviolet light is irradiated to the wafer through the through hole; the polishing liquid is dripped into the through hole to form a wafer surface, polishing liquid layer and positive and negative electrodes at the bottom. In the photolytic cell, the electrode and the wafer are separated by a polishing pad; after applying voltage, the wafer surface at the bottom of the photolytic cell is in the electric field between the two electrodes, and is oxidized into a soft surface oxide film according to the principle of bipolar electrochemical; Co-rotation of the disc / pad with the wafer allows all surfaces of the wafer to alternate evenly between the photoelectrochemical oxidation and mechanical rubbing steps. The device designed by the invention can efficiently and high-quality process various semiconductor wafers such as gallium nitride wafers with non-conductive sapphire as substrates under normal temperature and pressure, and has great economic significance and popularization value.

The invention discloses a dry type bipolar electrochemiluminescent chip and its application in immunoassay. The chip includes a bottom plate, an electrode sheet, a detection sheet, a bonding sheet and a sample adding sheet; the electrode sheet includes an integrated bipolar Electrodes and driving electrodes, the integrated bipolar electrode is designed with two anodes distributed in a Y shape, one of the bipolar electrode anodes is placed corresponding to the driving electrode, and is called the detection anode; the electrode sheet is placed in the reporting channel folded between the support channel; the detection sheet is designed with Y-shaped hydrophilic channels; the detection sheet is stacked on the electrode sheet, so that the hydrophilic channel overlaps with the anode of the integrated bipolar electrode; The hydrophilic channel overlapping with the detection anode on the electrode sheet is used as the detection area. This patent is the first invention of a dry immune CBP-ECL chip, which overcomes the shortcomings of the existing immune CBP-ECL chip that is cumbersome to operate and requires multi-step addition of solutions by integrating the reaction reagent components on the chip.

The invention discloses a multi-path closed bipolar electrochemical luminescence chip and application thereof in detection and sensing. The chip comprises an integrated bipolar electrode, a driving electrode positive electrode, a driving electrode negative electrode, a support channel and a report channel, one end of the integrated bipolar electrode is a bipolar electrode cathode; the other end of the integrated bipolar electrode is divided into a plurality of parallel branches; the parallel branches stretch across more than one report channel; and the part of the parallel branch, which is arranged in the report channel, is the bipolar electrode anode. In the chip, the series bipolar electrode anodes are connected with the same bipolar electrode cathode, so that the modification process of the bipolar electrode cathode is reduced, and multiple targets from different sample sources can be detected. For the current flowing through the closed bipolar electrode, the magnitude of the current passing through the anode of each bipolar electrode is essentially the same, which is more favorable for examining the light emitting conditions of different areas to evaluate the detection accuracy.

Bipolar electrochemistry (BPE) concepts are used to provide a single-step and controllable process for simultaneously exfoliating a graphite source and depositing both graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide layers on conductive substrates. A bipolar electrochemical cell can be used for a three-in-one deposition and can include two wired pieces of graphite to monitor the amount of current that passes through the bipolar electrode.

The invention discloses a method for rapidly preparing an anodized titanium nanotube array film. The steps are as follows: folding the polished titanium sheet into a "U" shape, inserting the first end of the titanium sheet into the first electrolytic cell, and The second end of the first electrolytic cell is inserted into the second electrolytic cell, the first electrolytic cell is provided with a first graphite plate electrode, the second electrolytic cell is provided with a second graphite plate electrode, and the two graphite plate electrodes are respectively connected to the first end and the second end of the titanium sheet Parallel and equal distance, energized for constant voltage anodizing treatment. In the present invention, under the condition of closed bipolar electrochemical anodic oxidation, the titanium sheet is rapidly, uniformly and stably formed into a regular titanium oxide nanotube array film in a fluorine-containing electrolyte, and the growth rate of the nanotube can reach 2.0 μm min ‑1 Above, this method can control the growth rate of the oxide film by changing the ammonium fluoride concentration of the electrolyte in the two electrolytic cells and the size of the titanium sheet area in the cathodic electrolytic cell, and the oxide film grown under high current density is not easy Breakdown occurs.

Electrochemical microscopes gradually develop in decades in the past and are used for imaging single-cell biomolecules; however, it is difficult to achieve electrochemical visualization of intracellular proteins in a single cell. According to the application, a model protein (KDM1 / LSD1 antigen) in a cell nucleus of an MCF 7 cell is observed by using a wireless bipolar electrochemiluminescence technology (BPE-ECL) for the first time. The submicron-sized single-walled carbon nanotube is connected with the antibody and is used for identifying the corresponding KDM1 / LSD1 antigen. Under a low electric field of 1000V / cm, L012 (luminol analogue) is subjected to electrochemical oxidation at the anode end of the nanotube, and an ECL signal is emitted, so that wireless visualization of the position of the nanotube is realized. Under the condition that an externally applied voltage which is low enough is used, bipolar ECL emission on a cell nucleus in a single cell can be observed, and electrochemical imaging of a KDM1 / LSD1 antigen in the single cell is supported.