837 results about "Characterization methods" patented technology

The invention provides a quantitative characterization method of low penetration double-medium sandstone oil reservoir microscopic aperture structure, which comprises the following steps: selecting experiment samples, effectively combining various experiments, distributing samples, processing and analyzing experiment test data, combining macroscopic background and microscopic rock core, and combining static state analysis and dynamic production reality, thereby realizing quantitative characterization of ultra-low penetration double-medium sandstone oil reservoir microscopic aperture structure from qualitative analysis and semi-quantitative evaluation. The invention has the advantages that more comprehensive influence factors and micro crack, aperture throat parameter and nuclear magnetic resonance movable fluid parameter are considered, so the characterization result can better reflect change characteristics of ultra-low penetration double-medium sandstone oil reservoir microscopic aperture structure, which are consistent to the production exploitation real cases of the oil field, thereby effectively avoiding one-sidedness and limitation of single aspect evaluation result.

A characterization method for a device under test includes applying a bias voltage to a test circuit. The test circuit includes a first transistor coupled to the device under test, a second transistor coupled to the device under test and to the first transistor. A third transistor is coupled to a dummy device, a fourth transistor is coupled to the dummy device and to the third transistor. The transistors are of a common type. The characterization method further includes applying non-overlapping clocking signals to transistors of the test circuit to produce test signals for application to the device under test and detecting a current in one or more transistors from the device under test. The bias voltage is further varied to characterize the device under test.

Methods and systems are described for measuring effects of a hydraulic fracturing process. The techniques can utilizes cross-well seismic technology, such as used in Schlumberger's DeepLook-CS tools and service, or in some case surface to borehole or borehole to surface seismic technology. The downhole seismic sources at known locations can be conventional sources or can be other types of equipment operating at known locations such as perforation guns. The source is activated or swept creating energy which is transmitted through the formation. The energy is recorded at the receiver array and processed to yield a tomographic image indicating changes in the subterranean formation resulting from the hydraulic fracturing process. The process can be performed pre and post hydraulic fracture stimulation to generate a difference image of propped fractures in the reservoir.

The invention is directed to QCM measurements in monitoring ALD processes. Previously, significant barriers remain in the ALD processes and accurate execution. To turn this exclusively dedicated in situ technique into a routine characterization method, an integral QCM fixture was developed. This new design is easily implemented on a variety of ALD tools, allows rapid sample exchange, prevents backside deposition, and minimizes both the footprint and flow disturbance. Unlike previous QCM designs, the fast thermal equilibration enables tasks such as temperature-dependent studies and ex situ sample exchange, further highlighting the feasibility of this QCM design for day-to-day use. Finally, the in situ mapping of thin film growth rates across the ALD reactor was demonstrated in a popular commercial tool operating in both continuous and quasi-static ALD modes.

Workstation, apparatuses and methods for the high-throughput synthesis, screening and/or characterization of combinatorial libraries. The invention relates to an array, which permits various high-throughput methods for synthesis, screening and/or characterization in the same array, without requiring sample transfer from the array. In a preferred embodiment, the synthesis, screening, and/or characterization steps are carried out in a highly parallel fashion, where more than one compound is synthesized, screened, and/or characterized at the same time. The invention may be practiced at the microscale. The array may comprise thermal channels, for regulating the temperature of the wells in the array. The wells of the array may comprise a membrane, which is used in various screening and characterization methods. The invention also relates to a covered array, comprising the array and an array cover, as well as an apparatus comprising the array, which comprises the array, an array cover and a stage. The array, array cover, and the stage may be modified as required for a variety of synthesis and/or analysis techniques. The array is easily interchangeable between different analytical instruments, and in an embodiment, the invention relates to an automated workstation, where the array is transferred between different synthesis, screening, and characterization stations. The invention also relates to a variety of methods for synthesis, screening, and characterization, which are adapted for combinatorial chemistry. Any of the embodiments of the invention may be used either alone or taken in various combinations.

The invention discloses a probability method of an electronic product service life model based on a Bayesian theory. The probability method comprises four steps of: step 1, determining a main failure mechanism and a physical model; step 2, determining the source and a characterization method of each dispersibility in the main failure mechanism; step 3, determining the service life distribution obeyed by the main failure mechanism; and step 4, updating the parameter distribution according to the Bayesian theory, and obtaining the numerical solution of a probability service life model by combining a failure physical model and utilizing a Monte Carlo sampling method. The method disclosed by the invention is used for calculating the failure probability of a highly-reliable and long-service-life electronic product based on a stress damage model; and by analyzing diepersibility and a description method of factors such as the attribute, the size and the stress of each material causing the electronic product failure and considering the dispersibility factors on the basis of the traditional failure physical model, the probability of the failure physical model is realized, and a new approach is provided for describing the failure more accurately and forecasting the product storage life.

The invention relates to an RNN and attention mechanism-based news recommendation method and a topic representation method, which combine a traditional topic model with a neural network word vector and can effectively improve the accuracy of semantic extraction and representation of news content texts. The RNN is used for describing the seriality characteristics of news browsing of the user, so that the timeliness of the personalized news recommendation content can be greatly improved; influence weights of different news on recommendation prediction are distinguished by utilizing an attentionmechanism, user interest migration can be captured, and the accuracy and novelty of personalized news recommendation contents are improved; and finally, in combination with an attention mechanism of aDBSCAN density clustering algorithm; performing heuristic discovery on the new topics and the old topics through density clustering, and dynamically calculating influence weights of news by utilizinga topic clustering result, so that the novelty of the recommended topics is improved.

Methods and systems for detecting defects on a specimen are provided. One system includes a storage medium configured for storing images for a physical version of a specimen generated by an inspection system. At least two dies are formed on the specimen with different values of one or more parameters of a fabrication process performed on the specimen. The system also includes computer subsystem(s) configured for comparing portions of the stored images generated at locations on the specimen at which patterns having the same as-designed characteristics are formed with at least two of the different values. The portions of the stored images that are compared are not constrained by locations of the dies on the specimen, locations of the patterns within the dies, or locations of the patterns on the specimen. The computer subsystem(s) are also configured for detecting defects at the locations based on results of the comparing.

Methods and apparatus for color correction of color image data obtained by an electronic camera determine a correction to data representative of the color image based upon an estimated illuminant using a neural network, multilayer perceptron models and/or coactive neuro-fuzzy inference system models, and apply the correction to the data representative of the color image. Data representative of the color corrected data may be recorded or transmitted. A method of recording image data obtained by an electronic camera captures a color image, generates data representative of the image, estimates an illuminant for the captured color image, generates data representative of the estimated illuminant and records the data representative of the image with the data representative of the estimated illuminant. A method of transmitting image data obtained by an electronic camera captures a color image, generates data representative of the image, estimates an illuminant for the captured color image, generates data representative of the estimated illuminant and transmits the data representative of the image with the data representative of the estimated illuminant.

The embodiment of the invention provides a blowhole structural characterization method and a blowhole structural characterization device. The method comprises collecting a rock sample and preparing a rock core; scanning and digitally imaging the rock core, recognizing an image to extract a hole of the rock core; calculating the aspect ratio of each hole of the rock core; setting an aspect ratio threshold for a needle hole, classifying the hole with the calculated aspect ratio less than the threshold into the needle hole and classifying the hole with the calculated aspect ratio not less than the threshold into a non-needle hole; respectively calculating the geometrical characteristic parameters of the needle hole and the non-needle hole; comparing and approximately simplifying the geometrical characteristic parameter of the non-needle hole and the geometrical characteristic parameter of the regular-shape needle hole, so as to form an equivalent hole distribution diagram. With adoption of the method, a simplified, visual and digital equivalent blowhole structure distribution diagram can be established.

The present invention provides an establishment and characterization method of in-vitro blood brain barrier model based on microfluidic chip. The microfluidic chip mainly comprises a cell inlet pool (1), collagen inlet pools (2), a cell culture chamber (3) and a waste liquid pool (4). The upper of the cell culture chamber (3) is connected with the cell inlet pool (1). The lower of the cell culture chamber (3) is connected with the waste liquid pool (4). Each collagen inlet pool respectively includes four observation chambers. The collagen inlet pools are communicated with the cell culture chamber (3). According to the invention, construction and characterization of the in-vitro blood brain barrier model and evaluation of the barrier function are integrated into a chip of a few square centimeters, and the chip can be used for in-vitro simulation and subsequent applications of the blood-brain barrier model. Compared the present invention with a Transwell small chamber co-culture model, the cell co-culture model secondary vaccination and time-consuming problems are solved, the flow conditions are added, the chip is closer to the true in-vivo microenvironment, the cell and reagent consumption are significantly reduced, and a plurality of experiment parameters can be obtained once and simultaneously.

A specimen for measuring a material under multiple strains and strain rates. The specimen including a body having first and second ends and a gage region disposed between the first and second ends, wherein the body has a central, longitudinal axis passing through the first and second ends. The gage region includes a first gage section and a second gage section, wherein the first gage section defines a first cross-sectional area that is defined by a first plane that extends through the first gage section and is perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis. The second gage section defines a second cross-sectional area that is defined by a second plane that extends through the second gage section and is perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis and wherein the first cross-sectional area is different in size than the second cross-sectional area.

The present invention discloses a morphological filtering-based electrical imaging reservoir fracture and cave body quantitative characterization method and system. The method includes the following steps that: 1) noise suppression and blank band encryption interpolation are performed on original electric imaging logging data to obtain full-coverage rate electrical imaging logging data; 2) structural elements of appropriate shapes and scales are selected, and morphological filtering is performed on the obtained electrical imaging logging data in the step 1), so that fracture and cave pore distribution of different scales can be determined; and 3) the proportion of the porosity of fractures and the proportion of the porosity of corroded caves are calculated according to the fracture and cave pore distribution of different scales, so that a fracture and cave porosity spectrum which can indicate pore throat size and porosity distribution relationships can be obtained. According to the method of the invention, a mathematical morphological filtering method is introduced into imaging logging data processing; based on the filtering and anomaly recognition technologies of conductivity signals of different scales, the signal-to-noise ratio and identifiability of fracture and cave abnormal signals are improved; and exact information such as intuitive fracture and cave shapes and scale distribution can be provided for the processing and interpretation of electrical imaging logging data.

The invention discloses a travel time index entropy traffic circulation evaluation method which comprises the following steps of a, calculating the free stream speed of each road section in a road network according to historical speed data provided by road network vehicle detection equipment, b, calculating the travel time index of each road section, c, calculating cut-off positions of the travel time indexes according to a quantile method or road capacity, d, calculating discrete probability distribution of the travel time indexes of a probe vehicle, e, calculating the entropy of the travel time indexes, f, calculating the highest possible value of the entropy as the upper limit of a dynamic range through the maximum entropy theorem, g, using the minimum entropy value Hmin of the travel time indexes as the lower limit of the dynamic range of the entropy of the travel time indexes, and h, carrying out normalization processing between the upper limit and the lower limit of the dynamic range of the entropy to obtain a road network traffic circulation evaluation value. The travel time index entropy traffic circulation evaluation method is a scientific characterization method of traffic circulation states, and measurement of traffic jam severity degree is achieved from the aspects of system confusion and randomness and uncertainty of travel time.

The present invention provides methods, compositions, and kits comprising snap-back primers used for forming 3′ hairpin structures, 5′ hairpin structures, and double hairpin structures. The hairpin structures may be used for detecting target sequences (e.g., such as small RNA target sequence), for detecting polymorphisms in target sequences (e.g., such as polymorphisms located near the 5′ or 3′ ends of the target sequence), or other nucleic acid characterization methods. In certain embodiments, the hairpin structures form invasive cleavage structures (e.g., in combination with a probe or upstream oligonucleotide) which may be cleaved by structure-specific enzymes in order to detect the presence or absence of a particular nucleotide or nucleotide sequence.

The invention provides a method for collecting and quantitatively characterizing microcosmic distribution images of remaining oil in porous media. The method comprises the steps that the distribution images of the remaining oil are collected; the distribution images of the remaining oil are preprocessed and divided; the divided distribution images of the remaining oil are reconstructed in a three-dimensional mode; statistics is made on information of the remaining oil; the feature parameters of the remaining oil are calculated. According to the method for collecting and quantitatively characterizing the microcosmic distribution images of the remaining oil in the porous media, the microcosmic distribution images of the remaining oil in the porous media during different displacement moments can be collected and characterized quantitatively, the microcosmic distribution state of the remaining oil in a core can be described quantitatively on the basis, and an effectively tool is provided for the study of increasing oil recovery.

The invention provides a quantitative characterization method and a quantitative characterization device for pore connectivity. The quantitative characterization method comprises the following steps: performing three-dimensional digital imaging processing on a sample to obtain a two-dimensional digital image sequence of the sample; distinguishing two-dimensional digital images in the two-dimensional digital image sequence according to the sequence to generate a binary digital image sequence; generating a three-dimensional digital model according to the binary digital image sequence; determining the number of total pixel points and pore pixel points and location markers of all points in a three-dimensional digital model according to the preset resolution; determining pore connected domains of the sample according to a seed fill algorithm and the three-dimensional digital model; generating a pore connectivity quantitative characterization result according to the number of the total pixel points and the pore pixel points, the location markers of all the points and all determined pore connected domains. According to the quantitative characterization method, the pore connectivity of rocks can be characterized visually and quantitatively; the quantitative characterization method provides a powerful tool for physical property evaluation of reservoirs, the permeability evaluation of porous media and the like.

The invention relates to a characterization method of an atomic force microscope for a micro-pore structure of a reservoir rock core. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) preparing for a characterization sample to ensure that a reservoir rock sample adapts to the characterization of an atomic force microscope; (2) reconstructing a characterization apparatus to ensure that the atomic force microscope adapt to a characterization reservoir rock sample; and (3) analyzing the data of a characterization image, and analyzing the characterization image to obtain useful information to guide production practice. By using the method, the characterization method of the micro-pore structure of the rock can be more complete and accurate so that the characteristics of a nano-grade structure and a micron-grade structure of a reservoir stratum can be indicated three-dimensionally and clearly, and the method has important scientific and economic significances in evaluating reserves of an oil-gas field or the characteristics of the rock micro-pore structure of the oil-gas field to increase the yield of the oil-gas field.

The invention discloses a reservoir heterogeneity characterization method under a regular development well pattern of horizontal wells. The method mainly comprises steps as follows: establishing a research area construction model to construct a target stratum model; (2) performing simulation to obtain a lithological model based on the stratum model established in Step (2); establishing a reservoir permeability 3D model in sandstone in the lithological model established in Step (3); establishing a virtual vertical well at the wellhead of each horizontal well; extracting stratum hierarchical data and permeability curves of each virtual vertical well; calculating the permeability heterogeneity parameter of a target interval of each well by using vertical well permeability curves in actual drilling and the permeability curves of the virtual vertical wells obtained in Step (6); drawing permeability heterogeneity parameter plane contour line maps to represent heterogeneity characteristics of reservoirs. A more accurate method is provided for carrying out reservoir heterogeneity characterization for oil fields exploited with horizontal wells as the main means.