Chronic inflammatory bowel disorders (IBDs) are characterized by altered
intestinal permeability, prompting inflammatory,
oxidative stress and immunological factors. Gut microbiota disorders
impact brain function via the bidirectional gut-brain axis, influencing behavior through inflammatory cascades,
oxidative stress, and
neurotransmitter levels. The present invention comprises lyophilized milk
kefir alone and lyophilized milk
kefir as
solid carriers loaded with self-nanoemulsifying self-nanosuspension (SNESNS) of licorice extract. Daily administration of lyophilized milk
kefir loaded with SNESNS restores normal
body weight and
intestinal mucosa while significantly reducing submucosal
inflammatory cell infiltration, leading to significant alleviation of
neurotransmitter levels and improved
memory functions, thereby addressing gut-brain axis disorders. Additionally, it normalized fecal
microbiome constituents, inflammatory
cytokine levels, and
oxidative stress in examined tissues and serum. Moreover, daily administration of kefir-loaded SNESNS normalizes the
disease activity index, alleviates histopathological changes induced by IBD induction, and partially restored the normal gut microbiota. These alterations are associated with improved cognitive functions, attributed to the maintenance of normal
neurotransmitter levels and alleviation of triggered
inflammatory factors and oxidative stress levels.