31 results about "Partial current" patented technology

The present embodiments relate to an electric current sensor, a steering control device, and a method for detecting an electric current. An electric current sensor may comprise: a conductive part through which an electric current flows; a detection unit for detecting a magnetic field generated by the electric current flowing through the conductive part; a first generation unit for generating a first electric current sensing value on the basis of the resistance included in the conductive part; and a second generation unit for generating a second electric current sensing value on the basis of the magnetic field detected through the detection unit.

A control system includes a controller that is configured to determine a differential current of a heater based on a difference between a power conductor current of the heater and a neutral conductor current of the heater, determine whether the differential current of the heater is greater than a threshold differential current, and selectively perform a corrective action in response to the differential current being greater than the threshold differential current.

This invention discloses a method and system for obtaining the evolution of the space electric field in a self-sustaining neutron detector (SPND) insulating layer and calculating detector sensitivity, belonging to the field of neutron detection technology. The method includes: establishing a dynamic equation for charge density evolution; decomposing the total irradiation current density into a stable and time-varying component, and simulating the stable and time-varying current density distributions contributed by a single source particle under decay equilibrium conditions using the Monte Carlo method; obtaining an expression for the time-varying current density of the SPND, solving the dynamic equation for charge density evolution, and obtaining an analytical expression for charge density evolution; and based on the charge density distribution, obtaining the electric field intensity distribution through integration, and simulating the detector sensitivity. This method directly reveals the influence of detector parameters and neutron flux on the space electric field and its evolution, solving the problems of large computational load and long processing time in existing technologies, significantly improving computational efficiency, and thus achieving efficient simulation of the sensitivity of a self-sustaining neutron detector.

A test piece 14 and a counter electrode 13 having a shape conforming to the shape of a film formation surface 14A of the test piece 14 are arranged close to each other, and a film of a conductive polymer is formed on the test piece 14 by electrolytic polymerization. The method involves preliminarily obtaining conditions of the voltage and integrated current value under which a desired film thickness is obtained by electrolytic polymerization, and conducting electrolytic polymerization until the integrated value of current flowing between the counter electrode 13 and the test piece 14 reaches the integrated current value, while keeping a constant voltage between the counter electrode 13 and the test piece 14.

The application discloses a high-performance porous hydrogen bond network catalyst for CO2 reduction in an acidic medium to prepare multi-carbon products and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical fields of electrocatalysis and carbon neutralization. The catalyst is a composite material of a fluorine-modified hydrogen bond organic framework loaded with copper active centers, which is obtained by the reaction of N,N',N'-tetra-(p-aminophenyl)-p-phenylenediamine and 2-fluorobenzoyl chloride to obtain a fluorine-modified hydrogen bond organic framework MTHOF-2-F, and then adsorbing copper ions through a wet impregnation method and obtaining MTHOF-2-F@Cu after low-temperature activation. The catalyst catalyzes CO2 reduction to generate organic products containing two or more carbon atoms in an acidic electrolyte. Experimental results show that in an acidic medium with pH=1.5, the product faraday efficiency of the catalyst reaches more than 75%, the partial current density reaches 619.5 mA·cm-2, and the C2 / C1 ratio reaches 9.71. 2+ Product faraday efficiency reaches more than 75%, C 2+ Partial current density reaches 619.5 mA·cm ‑2 C2 / C1 ratio reaches 9.71.

This invention discloses a biphase copper foam electrode for the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia in a membrane electrode system, its preparation method, and its application. The electrode preparation method includes: ultrasonically cleaning the copper foam in ethanol, calcining it in a muffle furnace, and then performing in-situ reduction in a membrane electrode electrolysis cell to form an amorphous / crystalline biphase copper electrode. In performance testing of the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia in a membrane electrode system, this self-supporting amorphous / crystalline biphase copper electrode exhibits excellent performance, with a maximum ammonia Faradaic efficiency of 92% and a maximum ammonia partial current density of 3.5 A cm⁻¹. ‑2 The full-cell energy efficiency reaches up to 26%, and it can operate at 1.5A cm⁻¹. ‑2 The amorphous / crystalline biphase copper electrode and the corresponding membrane electrode testing process prepared in this invention significantly improve the reaction activity and stability, providing an important research foundation for promoting the industrial application of nitrate electrocatalytic reduction to ammonia.

The utility model discloses an offshore wind power cathode protection device, which relates to the technical field of offshore wind power equipment and comprises a protection shell, a mounting bottom shell is arranged on the lower side of the protection shell, a plurality of mounting through grooves are uniformly formed in the mounting bottom shell, and wind power cathodes are assembled on the upper side of the mounting bottom shell through the mounting through grooves. Quick-release side covers are arranged on the left and right sides of the protective shell and located between the protective shell and the lower mounting bottom shell, and rotating rods are rotationally connected to the left and right sides of the inner sides of the quick-release side covers. A distributed anode arrangement mode is adopted, current is effectively dispersed, electric field distribution is balanced, corrosion caused by over-dense local current is prevented, the electric field distribution is optimized by adjusting the distance between the anode and the cathode, the protection range is expanded, the effect is improved, the device adopts the design of the quick-release side cover and the rotating rod, the installation and maintenance process is simplified, and the cost is reduced. And rapid maintenance in an offshore wind power environment is facilitated, so that the service life of equipment is prolonged, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the reliability and stability of an offshore wind power system are improved.

The embodiments provide an electrode catalyst layer for an electrolysis cell, and also an electrolysis cell and a carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus comprising that layer. The catalyst layer has a controlled porous structure, and can realize a high partial current density. The catalyst layer of the embodiment comprises carbonous catalyst carriers, a metallic catalyst loaded on the carriers, and an ion-conductive material. The catalyst layer contains pores of 5 to 200 μm diameters, and the pores have a volume per weight of the catalyst layer in the range of 3.0 to 10 mL / g in total.

A current detection device detects an electric current. The current detection device includes a first conducting portion, a second conducting portion, and a current sensor. An electric current flows through the first conducting portion in a specific direction. The second conducting portion is provided at a position separated from the first conducting portion in the specific direction and through which an electric current flows in the specific direction. The current sensor detects an electric current flowing through the first conducting portion. The current sensor is located at a position aligned with the first conducting portion in an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the specific direction and separated from the second conducting portion in the specific direction. The current sensor includes a sensor element which detects a magnetic flux generated by the electric current flowing through the first conducting portion and an element protector which protects the sensor element.

Systems, methods, and apparatus are provided for electrically shielding a heated component, more specifically, in a manner compatible with a circuit protected by a GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter). An example is a heated component that is electrically shielded, comprising: a conductor which is a heating element connected between a power line and the neutral line of the circuit from a GFCI; and a shield adjacent to the conductor and connected to the GFCI, the shield receiving a portion of the current from the conductor and returning a portion of the received current to the GFCI.

An example apparatus for monitoring contamination on a discharge electrode (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8), the apparatus having at least one emission peak (32) for non-contact discharge of a charged surface, comprising: a ground terminal (21) connected or connectable to the discharge electrode (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8); and a control device (27) configured to: detect a partial current coupled from the at least one emission peak to ground; determining an active power on the basis of the partial currents (I1 (t), i2 (t), i3 (t)); and generating a state signal based on the calculated active power (i1 (t), i2 (t), i3 (t)).

The embodiments provide a method to produce an electrode catalyst layer for reduction of carbon dioxide. The catalyst layer is made to exhibit high partial current density and to endure a long-term operation by controlling the wettability. The catalyst layer comprises a metallic catalyst supported on carbon material, an ion-conductive material, and a hydrophilic polymer; and is characterized in that a BET specific surface area (AN2) of said catalyst layer determined by nitrogen gas-adsorption and a BET specific surface area (AH2O) of said catalyst layer determined by water vapor-adsorption are in a ratio (AH2O / AN2) of 0.08 or less.

The application discloses a kind of multi-modal fracture closed-loop rehabilitation methods and systems for nerve remodeling, comprising: collecting the multi-modal data when executing rehabilitation gait action under the action of phase-specific electrical stimulation, at least including electroencephalogram signal, near-infrared blood oxygen signal, electromyogram signal, joint angular velocity signal and foot sole pressure signal;After the multi-modal physiological parameter data is preprocessed, fusion analysis is carried out, specifically, the motion intention and concentration state evaluation score and the first partial current are estimated, the action category and completion degree score are estimated, the second partial current is output based on the phase-specific site scheme, the total current is set with the action category and completion degree score as weight and combined with the first partial current and the second partial current, and the specific treatment electrode site and electrical stimulation treatment parameter are comprehensively output and fed back to control corresponding electrode to apply phase-specific distributed electrical stimulation. Thus multi-modal information fusion evaluation and on-demand auxiliary regulation can be realized, nerve remodeling is effectively promoted and rehabilitation training effect is improved.

The application relates to the technical field of semiconductors, in particular to a double-layer quantum well structure for differential detection and a preparation method. The double-layer quantum well structure comprises, from top to bottom, a top contact layer, a first quantum well region, an intermediate contact layer, a second quantum well region and a bottom contact layer; and a top electrode, an intermediate electrode and a bottom electrode arranged on the top contact layer, the intermediate contact layer and the bottom contact layer respectively. Thus, a three-terminal device structure is formed, in which the two quantum well regions share the same intermediate electrode. Under the structure, when the two quantum well regions generate photoelectric current under light, the intermediate electrode can simultaneously obtain the current signals of the two quantum well regions, and by configuring the voltage applied on different electrodes, the intermediate electrode can output differential current, thereby providing a hardware basis for realizing differential detection.

A phase-adjustable annular voltage-controlled oscillator based on resistance feedforward comprises four differential current starvation type delay units which are identical in structure and connected in a loop mode, the positive output end and the negative output end of the first differential current starvation type delay unit are connected with the negative input end and the positive input end of the second differential current starvation type delay unit respectively, and the first differential current starvation type delay unit is connected with the second differential current starvation type delay unit. The positive and negative output ends of the second, third and fourth differential current starvation type delay units are respectively connected with the positive and negative input ends of the third, fourth and first differential current starvation type delay units to form a main path loop; the positive and negative output ends of the first and fourth differential current starvation type delay units are respectively connected with the positive and negative feed-forward ends of the third and second relative differential current starvation type delay units; the positive and negative output ends of the second and third differential current starvation type delay units are respectively connected with the negative and positive feed-forward ends of the fourth and first relative differential current starvation type delay units to form a feed-forward path loop; and each differential current starvation type delay unit is additionally provided with bias voltage ends of a PMOS (P-channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor and an NMOS (N-channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor. According to the invention, through the resistor feed-forward structure, the output frequency of the oscillator is integrally improved, the resistance value of the feed-forward resistor is adjusted through the control word, a GHz-level clock signal is output, and the oscillator has a relatively wide frequency adjustment range, can be used for initial deflection calibration of phase mismatch among multiple channels in a multi-phase clock application scene, and is beneficial to reducing the calibration cost.

An exemplary disclosed apparatus for monitoring contamination on discharge electrodes 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 having at least one emission tip 32 useful for contactless discharge of an electrically charged surface includes a ground terminal 21 connected or connectable to the discharge electrode 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and a control device 27 configured to detect partial currents coupled from the at least one emission tip to the ground terminal, determine active powers based on the partial currents i1(t), i2(t), i3(t), and generate a status signal based on the calculated active powers i1(t), i2(t), i3(t).

This invention discloses a class of rare-earth tin-based pyrochlore metal oxides, their preparation methods, and applications, belonging to the field of electrocatalyst technology. Addressing the limitations of traditional tin-based catalysts in the intrinsic activity, low current density, and low selectivity of the electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to formate, this invention provides a class of rare-earth tin-based pyrochlore metal oxides with the general structural formula A₂B₂O₇, where A is selected from a rare-earth metal ion and B is selected from Sn ions. This invention anchors the Sn active component into the rare-earth pyrochlore lattice via a one-step hydrothermal method, utilizing the A-O-Sn electronic synergistic effect between rare-earth elements and Sn to achieve precise control of the electronic structure and coordination environment of the Sn site, optimizing the key intermediate *OCHO, thereby significantly improving selectivity and split current. The preparation method of the rare-earth tin-based pyrochlore metal oxides in this invention is simple to operate, easy to mass-produce, exhibits excellent CO₂ electroreduction performance, and has good prospects for industrial application.

The invention belongs to the technical field of online current measurement, and provides a noise-reduction magnetism-gathering differential current measuring device and method.The device comprises a magnetic sensing type chip A, a magnetic sensing type chip B and a symmetrical magnetism-gathering ring, and the symmetrical magnetism-gathering ring is of a symmetrical double-open air gap structure; and the magnetic sensitive chip A and the magnetic sensitive chip B are respectively fixed at the air gaps at the two ends of the diameter of the symmetrical magnetism gathering ring. The invention provides a high-efficiency noise-reduction magnetism-gathering differential current measurement method, which adopts a reverse magnetic field differential framework and realizes high-efficiency noise suppression through a differential signal processing circuit. And a shunt branch is added on the iron core, so that a part of exciting current can be converted into secondary current. The reduction of the excitation current results in an expansion of the measurement current range.

The preparation method of the carbon nanoring is prepared by using glucose, ferrocene, deionized water and hydrogen as raw materials, respectively preparing glucose ferrocene solution, hydrogenation reaction, washing and drying, ball milling, washing and purifying and drying steps; wherein the mass ratio of glucose, ferrocene and deionized water is 50:1:500. The product prepared by the application overcomes the problem that the current carbon nanotube increases the contact resistance of the device due to agglomeration, thereby reducing the photoelectric efficiency of the device. The product is used as an electron transport layer of an inverted perovskite solar cell, which significantly improves the photoelectric performance of the device. The carbon nanoring modified device has obvious improvement in photovoltaic performance, the open circuit voltage is 1.04V, the EQE of the carbon nanoring modified device is obviously increased in the range of 550-750nm, and the integral current of the device reaches 22.02mA / cm 2 , which is obviously higher than 19.09mA / cm 2 of the comparative device.

The utility model discloses an X-ray vertical channel field effect transistor detector, which comprises an X-ray sensing part, a current modulation part and a charge coupling induction part, the X-ray sensing part is composed of a high-atomic-number semiconductor crystal and a corresponding semiconductor structure, absorbs high-energy X-rays and generates electron / hole pairs; the current modulation part is composed of a porous source electrode, a semiconductor channel and a drain electrode; the charge coupling induction part is composed of a gate electrode, a dielectric layer and a porous source electrode. The dielectric layer is over the X-ray sensing layer. According to the utility model, the photocurrent is amplified by utilizing the gain of the field effect transistor, so that high-sensitivity X-ray detection is obtained; the X-ray sensing layer is arranged between the grid electrode and the dielectric layer, dark current is blocked through the dielectric layer, an incident X-ray signal is transmitted to light current through charge coupling induction, and low-noise X-ray detection is achieved.

This invention discloses a new energy prefabricated substation with a protection unit for use in substations. By installing a protection unit inside the insulating base, the insulation performance of the insulating base can be actively monitored, solving the problem in existing technologies where it is difficult to detect the deterioration of the insulating base's performance in a timely manner, leading to significant safety hazards. With the installation of heat transfer columns and their internal re-grounding units, when the insulating base has good insulation performance, heat can be conducted downwards, reducing the accumulation of heat on the insulating base and effectively slowing down the rate of insulation performance degradation. At the same time, the insulation performance of the insulating base can be effectively monitored. When its insulation deteriorates and its relative leakage current is high, the selective conductive pin can be connected to conduct this portion of the current directly to the ground, re-grounding the substation and effectively preventing excessive current accumulation inside the insulating base, thereby significantly reducing safety hazards.

The invention discloses an electrochemically reconstructed bismuth-based nano-catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of catalysts. The catalyst comprises a substrate and a Bi nanosheet arranged on the substrate, wherein the Bi nanosheet is generated by loading a Bi2O3-x nanosheet precursor prepared by a solvothermal-calcination method on the substrate through electrochemical reconstruction. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that a precursor Bi2O3-x nanosheet is reduced into a metal state Bi nanosheet through an electrochemical reconstruction method, and the crystalline phase of metal Bi is kept unchanged when the metal state Bi nanosheet is electrically reduced in an acid solution. The Faraday efficiency and partial current density of the catalyst in the reaction of preparing glycollic acid by electrocatalytic oxalic acid reduction are improved, namely, the catalyst has high selectivity and reaction activity.

A pre-treatment-based planned power-off cathode zinc redissolution inhibition method is provided. Before power-off, a synergistic pre-treatment process of acid-zinc ratio regulation and optimization of electrolyte composition, step regulation and reduction of current density, and tank temperature control to strengthen interface stability is adopted, so that a protection layer against redissolution is formed on the cathode zinc during planned power-off, thereby inhibiting the redissolution of the cathode zinc. The present application performs directional pre-adjustment on the key parameters of the conventional wet zinc refining electrodeposition process before power-off, optimizes the electrolyte composition, step regulation of current density, and strengthens the interface stability of the electrolytic tank, so that the cathode zinc maintains an electrochemically inert state during power-off without adding equipment or changing the basic process flow. The present application achieves a technical effect of redissolution rate ≤ 5%, significantly reduces the dissolution loss of zinc during planned power-off, improves the metal recovery rate, and ensures the continuity of production, and is especially suitable for mineral areas with weak infrastructure.

The invention provides a light emitting diode and a preparation method thereof. The light-emitting diode comprises an epitaxial structure, a current blocking layer, a transparent conductive layer, an electrode structure and a passivation layer, the current blocking layer comprises a first current blocking structure and a second current blocking structure which are arranged at an interval, and the first current blocking structure and the second current blocking structure are both located on the surface of the epitaxial structure; the projection of the first current blocking structure on the surface of the epitaxial structure at least partially coincides with the projection of the electrode structure on the surface of the epitaxial structure, the second current blocking structure comprises a plurality of current blocking blocks, and the plurality of current blocking blocks are distributed on the surface of the epitaxial structure at intervals; the transparent conductive layer is located on the surface of the epitaxial structure and covers the current blocking layer, the transparent conductive layer is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the plurality of through holes are arranged corresponding to at least part of the plurality of current blocking blocks; the passivation layer covers the epitaxial structure, the current blocking layer and the transparent conductive layer, and the electrode structure penetrates through the passivation layer and is electrically connected with the transparent conductive layer.

The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic hydrogen production converters, in particular to a wide-voltage photovoltaic hydrogen production device which comprises two inductors Li and Lb, diodes D1 and D2, two capacitors CL and CH, a three-port converter, N SM modules, a DC-DC converter, a hydrogen production device and a photovoltaic power generation unit PV. One port is connected with a high-voltage output capacitor to the ground, and the last port is connected with a hydrogen production device. According to the utility model, most of power is directly connected to the hydrogen production device through a path of the three-port converter, and a small part of power is subjected to partial current treatment through the DC-DC converter to manage power flow between the photovoltaic power generation unit and the hydrogen production device, and then is output to the hydrogen production device; power can be continuously supplied to the hydrogen production device while the power conversion stage number is reduced, and the rated value of the DC-DC converter is reduced, so that the efficiency is improved; and the topological structure is simple, and the size and the cost are greatly reduced.

A differential current buffer circuit comprises a differential input stage supplied from a first positive and a first negative supply voltage. The input stage has a first input circuit connected between first current paths of a first current and a second mirror connected between second positive and negative supply voltages. A second input circuit is connected between first current paths of a third and a fourth current mirror connected between the second positive and negative supply voltages. The second positive voltage is higher than the first positive supply voltage, and the second negative voltage is lower than the first negative supply voltage. A first and a second output of the differential current buffer circuit are tapped off between the respective second current paths of the first and second current mirrors and the respective second current paths of the third and fourth current mirrors, respectively.

The invention discloses a differential current determining circuit and an inverter, the differential current determining circuit is applied to a bridge arm circuit, and the bridge arm circuit comprises a first bridge arm and a second bridge arm which are connected in parallel. The differential current determination circuit comprises a current detection circuit, an integral conditioning circuit and a controller. The current detection circuit generates a first magnetic flux in response to a first current output by the output end of the first bridge arm, generates a second magnetic flux in response to a second current output by the output end of the second bridge arm, and outputs a first voltage signal according to a first difference value between the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux. The integral conditioning circuit performs integration on the first voltage signal to obtain a second voltage signal having a proportional relation with a first difference value, and the first difference value is a difference value between the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux. The controller determines a difference between the first current and the second current based on the second voltage signal and the proportional relationship. In this way, the differential current can be accurately determined.

The invention relates to an electrical circuit arrangement (2) and a measuring method for galvanically isolated, all-current-sensitive differential current measurement with high resolution and comprises the following elements: a toroidal current transformer (4) with at least one secondary winding (6) for detecting a differential current (I d), a driver circuit (12) for energizing the secondary winding (6), a first oscillator circuit (22) for controlling the driver circuit (12) and for generating a time-modulated, binary oscillator signal (V) with dwell times (Th, Tl) in a state 1 (S1) and in a state 2 (S2), a second oscillator circuit (32) for high-resolution determination of the respective dwell time (Th, Tl) in states 1 and 2 by means of a clock signal (C) with a clock rate independent of the oscillator signal (V), an evaluation unit (42) for evaluating the dwell times (Th, Tl), and a data interface (52) for outputting a Differential current measurement (Im, I'm),wherein the driver circuit (12) and the second oscillator circuit (32) are each implemented as physically separate, integrated circuits.

The present invention relates to an improved electric heating device (10) for heating a liquid medium, comprising a first heating chamber (100) and a second heating chamber (200) and an electric heating element (30) which is provided between the first heating chamber (100) and the second heating chamber (200) and is thermally coupled to the first heating chamber (100) and the second heating chamber (200), and with an inlet (11) and a distributor (40) downstream of the medium in the direction of flow, which divides the current introduced through the inlet (11) into a first partial current supplied to the first heating chamber (100) and a second partial current supplied to the second heating chamber (200), and with an outlet (13) and a connector (50) upstream of the medium in the direction of flow, which connects the partial currents discharged from the first and second heating chambers (100, 200).The first heating chamber (100) is formed by a first flow housing (106) comprising a first system component (102) thermally coupled to the heating device (30) and a first cover (104). The second heating chamber (200) is formed by a second flow housing (206) comprising a second system component (202) thermally coupled to the heating device and a second cover (204). The distributor (40) and / or the connector (50) is formed on a separate flow-conducting component (60) that is fluid-tightly connected to the first flow housing (106) and the second flow housing (206).

The invention relates to an optically pumped quantum sensor (100) for measuring magnetic fields, comprising a spin-based sensor medium (110), an excitation light source (120) for illuminating light (124) into the sensor medium (110), a current source (121) for supplying the excitation light source (120), a magnetic field generating device (140) for generating a static magnetic field (B0), wherein the magnetic field generating device (140) comprises an electromagnet (141), and a current distribution circuit (200) configured to direct a portion of the current generated by the current source (121) to the magnetic field generating device (140).