73 results about "Photon flux" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of synchrotron radiation experiments, in particular to an XAFS automatic sample changing device integrating light intensity management and an operation method.The XAFS automatic sample changing device integrating light intensity management comprises an optical filter wheel, a sample table and a control assembly, the optical filter wheel and the sample table form an integrated structure used for XAFS experiments, the sample switching process is matched with the incident X-ray light intensity adjusting process, and the XAFS automatic sample changing device integrating light intensity management is achieved. Therefore, light intensity management is realized in an automatic sample changing process; an optical filter wheel capable of automatically switching, a sample table capable of accurately positioning and a temperature monitoring and remote control system cooperating with the sample table are introduced into a synchrotron radiation X-ray optical path, so that the photon flux incident on a sample can be optimized in real time according to the signal state of a detector and the thermal load of an optical filter; the stability, repeatability and safety of an XAFS experiment are remarkably improved while signal saturation and equipment overheating are avoided, so that manual intervention is reduced, the debugging time is shortened, and the operation efficiency of a whole light beam line is improved.

In accordance with some embodiments, systems, methods, and media for improving signal-to-noise ratio in single-photon data are provided. In some embodiments, a system comprises: a processor programmed to: generate, for each of a plurality of pixel locations, initial photon flux estimates based on a first set of photon transients including photon transients associated with the pixel location and neighboring pixel locations, each of the photon transients comprises a histogram of photon counts; identify, for a scene patch associated with each of the plurality of pixel locations, one or more similar scene patches using intensity information for each of the plurality of pixel locations; and generate, for each of the plurality of pixel locations, final photon flux estimates based on a second set of photon transients including photon transients associated with the scene patch and each of the one or more similar scene patches.

The invention relates to the technical field of image processing, in particular to a substation equipment state real-time monitoring method. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a preprocessed ultraviolet image; for any pixel point in the ultraviolet image, obtaining the response intensity of the pixel point in different filtering directions through filtering operation, and taking the maximum value of the response intensity as the linear intensity of the pixel point; taking a filtering direction corresponding to the linear intensity as a linear direction, and constructing a photon flux reflecting the brightness degree of each pixel point based on the gray level of the pixel point; constructing a cross point suspected degree based on the modulus of the normal component and the modulus of the tangential component; and calculating a fusion crack index of each pixel point based on the intersection suspected degree, the linear structure strength and the photon flux, forming an enhanced image by the fusion crack index of each pixel point, and extracting a crack edge from the enhanced image by using an edge detection algorithm. The method has the effect of improving the accuracy of crack detection of the insulating sleeve in the substation equipment.

The present disclosure provides methods, apparatus and systems for time-gated fluorescent-based detection. Time-based fluorescence analysis can be used in certain biochemical assays by measuring the emitted photon flux from fluorophores after an individual excitation pulse.

The present application discloses a radiation dose rate assessment method, device, storage medium and equipment in three-dimensional space, which belongs to the field of radiation detection technology. The concentration data and physical parameter data of the radioactive nuclide at least one first position point in the three-dimensional space are obtained; the three-dimensional convolution of the photon flux rate of the second position point is determined, and its final kernel function is the kernel function composed of the interpolation basis functions of the first position point and the second position point obtained by approximating the original kernel function according to the FMM; the concentration data and the physical parameter data are convoluted using the three-dimensional convolution to obtain the target photon flux rate; the radiation dose rate in the three-dimensional space is assessed based on the physical parameter data and the target photon flux rate. The present application can quickly calculate the radiation dose rate of continuous and arbitrary discrete positions, reducing the computational complexity and computational cost; it can assess the radiation dose rate of complex building scenes based on the shielding matrix, and accelerate the dose calculation and improve the calculation accuracy through the nested grid FMM.

The application discloses a method for non-contact testing of quantum efficiency (EQE) and short-circuit current (ISC) of a solar cell, relates to the technical field of photovoltaic device testing, and aims to solve the problems that the existing quantum efficiency and short-circuit current measurement must contact electrodes, is slow and cannot cover new gateless or process pieces; a non-contact testing method of "multi-wavelength LED excitation + local shielding + carrier lateral diffusion" is provided; the method blocks the excitation light by using a shielding filter, and only transmits the electroluminescence signal of the shielding area; the EL power of each wavelength is extracted through phase-locked amplification and deep learning denoising, the continuous EQE curve is calculated by using the calibrated incident photon flux ratio, and the ISC is obtained by convolution of the AM1.5 spectrum.

Methods for characterizing semiconductor doping in wide-bandgap semiconductor samples include: measuring an initial value V0 of the surface voltage at a region on the surface of the semiconductor sample in darkness; charging the region to deep depletion in darkness by depositing a specified corona charge at the region; measuring the surface voltage value at the region in darkness after charging; and using a specific photon flux f. eff The light irradiates the charging region, and a specific photon flux f eff A photon energy above the semiconductor bandgap is used, sufficient to generate free minority carriers in the semiconductor sample, thereby causing photoneutralization of the corona charge. The relationship between the photoneutralization-induced corona charge decay and the irradiation time t at the region is monitored using non-contact time-resolved measurements of the surface voltage V(t). The monitored time-resolved surface voltage decay data V(t) is analyzed to determine the photoneutralization time constant τ. ph ; and using a specific photon flux f eff Light neutralization time constant τ ph It serves as a semiconductor doping index, and its value characterizes the semiconductor doping concentration in that region.

The invention provides an adjustable polarization inclined magnetization undulator and an undulator, which are applied to the technical field of synchrotron radiation, solve the important defect of low photon flux in a circular polarization mode of a traditional APPLE KNOT undulator, and improve the overall performance of an undulator device. The polarization-adjustable inclined magnetization undulator comprises: an electron beam vacuum chamber used for transmitting an electron beam so that the electron beam emits synchrotron radiation light in a predetermined polarization state under the action of a magnetic field in a vacuum environment; the plurality of groups of permanent magnet structures are respectively arranged in four quadrants of a rectangular coordinate system established by taking the vacuum chamber as the center, and each group of permanent magnet structure comprises an inclined magnetized magnetic block unit and an additional magnetized magnetic block unit. A magnetic field generated by the inclined magnetized magnetic block unit enables the electron beam to emit synchrotron radiation light in a preset polarization state, and meanwhile the additional magnetized magnetic block unit is combined to jointly adjust the transverse speed of the electron beam, so that the speed direction of the electron beam is far away from the central axis of the undulator.

This application relates to the field of microscopic imaging radiation calibration technology, providing a photon flux standard source and a method for measuring photon flux responsivity. The photon flux standard source includes an integrating sphere light source and an aperture; the outer side of the integrating sphere light source outlet includes a first flat surface with a first area, and the side of the aperture near the integrating sphere light source has a second flat surface with a second area. The first flat surface and the second flat surface are parallel and have a planar gap. The integrating sphere light source outlet has an average brightness within a solid angle defined by the aperture; wherein the planar gap, the average brightness, the first area, and the second area are used to calculate the photon flux to determine the photon flux responsivity of the detector under test. This application can accurately determine the photon flux entering the microscopic imaging system, thus improving the accuracy of the photon flux responsivity of the microscopic imaging system calibrated based on the photon flux.

The present disclosure provides methods that enable sequence-specific nucleic acid amplification in-situ using photo-switchable molecular constructs. The sample comprising target nucleic acids is exposed to pulsed photon fluxes with different wavelengths to actuate the photo-switchable molecular constructs that trigger and / or halt specific biochemical reactions resulting in amplifying the specific nucleic acid sequences in a linear or exponential fashion.

The invention discloses a radiotherapy plan automatic optimization design method based on machine learning, and relates to the technical field of radiotherapy, and the method comprises the steps: firstly collecting and preprocessing radiotherapy core data to generate a training set, training feature extraction, dose prediction and optimization adjustment of a model; processing to-be-processed data through a feature extraction model, screening three optimal similar cases in combination with cosine similarity, and extracting effective features; based on the feature vectors and the effective features, outputting an initial dose plan, constraint parameters and a deposition matrix by a dose prediction model; and finally, constructing a target function, and iteratively optimizing the radiation field parameters and the photon flux by adopting an improved ant colony algorithm and a conjugate gradient method. According to the method, clinical experience and individual differences are fused, the radiotherapy plan is efficiently and accurately generated, and the quality stability and clinical suitability of the plan are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of imaging detection, and particularly provides a surface detection system and method based on polarization imaging. The system comprises a light source, a beam splitter, a reflecting device, a beam combiner, an analyzer and an imaging device, a light source beam along a first light path can be generated based on the light source; the light source light beam can be divided into second signal light and first signal light based on a beam splitter; performing reflection reversing on the second signal light based on a reflection device to obtain second reflection signal light; combining the detection signal light and the first signal light / the second reflection signal light based on a beam combiner to obtain interference signal light; filtering non-depolarized signal light in the interference signal light based on a polarization analyzer; and acquiring a detection image of the to-be-detected surface based on the imaging device. According to the surface detection system based on polarization imaging provided by the invention, the resolution of the detection image of the surface to be detected can be improved, and the surface detection precision under relatively low photon flux is further improved.

The invention discloses an atmospheric transmittance measuring method based on a single-photon detector, and belongs to the technical field of atmospheric detection. The atmospheric transmittance measuring method has the core advantages that accurate photon flow measurement is carried out on the calibrated fixed star by utilizing high sensitivity of the single-photon detector, and the atmospheric extinction coefficient is obtained through data fitting direct inversion, so that high-precision and direct measurement of the atmospheric transmittance of the whole layer is realized; errors caused by indirect calculation depending on a physical model or aerosol parameters are effectively avoided.

The application provides a simulation prediction method and system for slow positron source intensity in a research reactor, comprising the following steps: S1, reading arrangement information of components in a reactor core of the research reactor; S2, constructing a Monte Carlo model of the reactor core containing a slow positron source device, and obtaining neutron multi-group angular flux and photon multi-group angular flux information near the slow positron source generating device; S3, constructing a slow positron Monte Carlo model; S4, performing energy-angle double sampling to obtain an incident neutron energy probability density distribution function f n,ig,ia , an angle probability density distribution function f n,ia , an incident photon flux energy probability density distribution function f g,ig,ia , an angle probability density distribution function f g,ia , and a neutron-photon weight factor; S5, performing function sampling of particle types, energy and angle; and S6, obtaining slow positron distribution information generated in the slow positron generating device. The application accurately considers the whole life cycle of slow positron generation and transportation through multi-stage coupling, and realizes accurate prediction of slow positron source intensity.

A thermophotovoltaic (TPV) generator includes one or more ring modules including a frame formed from a high thermal conductivity material. Each ring module may be attached to another ring module in an axially stacked manner with a gas sealing engagement between them. Each ring module includes, on either a radially inward or radially outward surface thereof, TPV cells having a TPV cell output power no lower than 40% of the product of open circuit voltage and short circuit current at the maximum expected incident photon flux with energies above the TPV cell bandgap,. Each TPV cell converts photons with energy above the TPV cell bandgap thereof from a radiator into electrical energy. Each TPV cell includes a heat mirror on its surface, facing the radiator, which reflects photons with an energy lower than the TPV cell band gap back to the radiator.

Disclosed in the present application is a training method for a self-supervised microscopic image processing neural network. The method comprises: using an optical microscopic imaging system, which has a time-correlated single photon counting function, to acquire a fluorescence microscopic image data set, wherein the fluorescence microscopic image data set comprises a photon counting distribution set {Gmn(t)}MN for M×N pixels, M and N both being integers greater than 1, m ranging from 1 to M, n ranging from 1 to N, and t representing time; and by means of photon flux redistribution, constructing, from the photon counting distribution set for the M×N pixels, a training data set for a neural network comprising a fluorescence lifetime prediction convolution module and / or a denoising convolution module.

The application relates to the technical field of imaging detection, and particularly provides a surface detection system and method based on polarization imaging. The system comprises a light source, a beam splitter, a reflection device, a beam combiner, a polarization analyzer and an imaging device; the light source can generate a light source beam along a first light path; the beam splitter can divide the light source beam into a second signal light and a first signal light; the reflection device reflects the second signal light to obtain a second reflected signal light; the beam combiner combines the detection signal light and the first signal light / second reflected signal light to obtain interference signal light; the polarization analyzer filters the non-polarization signal light in the interference signal light; and the imaging device obtains a detection image of a surface to be detected. The surface detection system based on polarization imaging provided by the application can improve the resolution of the detection image of the surface to be detected, thereby improving the surface detection precision under a lower photon flux.

The invention discloses an activation source three-dimensional radioactive intensity inversion method and system based on gamma detector counting and a storage medium, and belongs to the field of radiation field calculation in the nuclear facility decommissioning process. The method comprises the following steps: measuring and acquiring a characteristic gamma-ray energy spectrum of an activation source through a detector by adopting an experimental measurement mode; performing appropriate grid division on the geometric model of the activation source; measuring the photon flux generated by the activation source at different positions in the space, and obtaining the coordinate of the measuring point position and the photon count of the detector; based on a Monte Carlo method, constructing a response model of the detector to the activation source, and obtaining a three-dimensional space response function of the detector through Monte Carlo forward calculation; based on the three-dimensional space response function, a response equation set between detector counting and activation source grid activity is established, and three-dimensional activity distribution of the activation source is obtained through inversion by solving the equation set. According to the invention, reverse inversion of three-dimensional activity distribution of the activation source based on counting of the gamma detector can be realized, and detailed neutron irradiation information does not need to be acquired.

The present invention provides a light-emitting device and a plant cultivation method capable of promoting plant growth. A light-emitting device comprises: a light-emitting element having a peak emission wavelength in the range of 380 nm to 490 nm; and a red phosphor that is excited by light from the light-emitting element and emits light having at least one peak emission wavelength in the range of 580 nm to 680 nm, wherein the ratio (R / B) of the photon flux R of red light in the range of 620 nm to 700 nm to the photon flux B of blue light in the range of 400 nm to 490 nm is greater than 20 and less than 200.

An image sensor system includes a pixel array with a plurality of single photon detectors, wherein each single photon detector is configured to output an inactive voltage level in a state after reset and before detecting a photon and output an active voltage level in response to receiving a photon. A signal interface is configured to output binary detector information about active and inactive voltage levels of at least the predefined subset of the single photo avalanche detectors. A flux estimator is configured to estimate photon flux information from the binary detector information by a statistical analysis of a sequence of consecutively captured binary detector information.

In accordance with some embodiments, systems, methods, and media for high dynamic range imaging using single-photon and conventional image sensor data are provided. In some embodiments, the system comprises: first detectors configured to detect a level of photons proportional to incident photon flux; second detectors configured to detect arrival of individual photons; a processor programmed to: receive, from the first detectors, first values indicative of photon flux from a scene with a first resolution; receive, from the second detectors, second values indicative of photon flux from the scene with a lower resolution; provide a first encoder of a trained machine learning model first flux values based on the first values, provide the second encoder of the model second flux values; receive, as output, values indicative of photon flux from the scene; and generate a high dynamic range image based on the third plurality of values.

The present disclosure provides methods, devices, and systems to detect, in real-time, the presence, abundance and / or interactions of one or more biological analytes in an aqueous medium. Using time-resolved optical methods, the system may be subjected to a short excitation pulse photon flux and the detection may include measuring and subsequently analyzing the temporal optical response of system in the presence and absence of the analytes. Methods may include using the devices and systems described herein for analyte detection.

The invention discloses a method for non-contact testing of quantum efficiency (EQE) and short-circuit current (ISC) of a solar cell, relates to the technical field of photovoltaic device testing, and is used for solving the problems that the existing quantum efficiency and short-circuit current measurement must be in contact with an electrode, the speed is low, and a novel grid-free or process sheet cannot be covered. A non-contact testing method of multi-wavelength LED excitation, local shielding and carrier transverse diffusion is provided; according to the method, exciting light is blocked by using a shielding optical filter and only penetrates through an electroluminescent signal of a shielding area; the EL power of each wavelength is extracted through phase-locked amplification and deep learning denoising, a continuous EQE curve is calculated according to the specific value of the EL power and the calibrated incident photon flux, and the AM1.5 spectrum is subjected to convolution to obtain ISC.

The invention discloses a light source device and a method for applying the light source device to optogenetics tool protein excitation spectrum measurement. According to the invention, the single-wave-pass optical filters are fixed on the optical filter wheel, and different optical filters are switched to the optical path of the full-spectrum light source through the rotation of the optical filter wheel, so that the system can output light with different wavelengths; the system can output a series of light with different wavelengths and the same photon flux by adjusting the power of a light source or installing a light reducing film on a light filter wheel; the output light is conducted to cells needing electrophysiological detection through the optical fiber, and when electrophysiological detection is carried out, the needed light can act on optogenetics tool protein expressed on a cell membrane. According to the light source device disclosed by the invention, the function of conveniently exciting the excitation spectrum of the optogenetics tool protein is realized by using the minimized equipment component, and the defect that the same function can be realized only by using complicated manual operation or expensive equipment with redundant functions in the traditional method is overcome.

The application relates to a short-circuit current calculation method, a test system and a computer program product of a solar cell. A reflectivity signal corresponding to a to-be-tested solar cell is acquired; relative photoelectric response information of the to-be-tested solar cell under different wavelengths is acquired; the relative photoelectric response information is obtained by applying direct current bias light to the to-be-tested solar cell to make the to-be-tested solar cell work at a preset working point, applying alternating current modulation light of multiple wavelengths to the to-be-tested solar cell, and measuring at a modulation frequency corresponding to each alternating current modulation light; relative external quantum efficiency is calculated based on the relative photoelectric response information; absolute external quantum efficiency is calculated according to the reflectivity signal and the relative external quantum efficiency; and short-circuit current of the to-be-tested solar cell is calculated according to the absolute external quantum efficiency and a standard solar light photon flux spectrum. The method effectively improves the accuracy of the short-circuit current calculation result.

An apparatus and method for efficient and economic production of multiple free electron lasers includes a serial arrangement of multiple FEL oscillators along a line or a closed ring and reuse of a single electron beam multiple times to drive all FEL oscillators. In a ring configuration, electron bunch recirculation in the ring could also be combined with reuse of the electron beam for FEL production. This would lead to performance enhancement as current of the electron beam would be boosted by a factor of the number of FEL oscillators thereby multiplying the amount of bunch recirculation in the ring and leading to multiple times higher photon flux / average brightness. The invention can also be applied for hybrid photon sources of both FEL and incoherent synchrotron radiation, driven by one electron beam.

The invention discloses a magnetic confinement high-temperature plasma core impurity density fluctuation measurement method, which comprises the following steps: collecting an active spectrum emitted by a charge exchange reaction between a neutral beam and a high-temperature plasma impurity ion bare nucleus through an active spectrum lens; collecting a passive spectrum of a plasma area without neutral beam injection through a passive spectrum lens; respectively transmitting the active spectrum and the passive spectrum to a characteristic line radiation filtering array, and filtering the active spectrum and the passive spectrum through the characteristic line radiation filtering array; respectively transmitting the active spectrum and the passive spectrum after light filtering processing to a photodiode array for photoelectric conversion, and subtracting the photoelectric signal corresponding to the passive spectrum from the photoelectric signal corresponding to the active spectrum to obtain the photon flux of the active spectrum; and calculating the core impurity density of the magnetic confinement high-temperature plasma according to the photon flux of the active spectrum. According to the invention, the measurement of plasma core impurity density fluctuation can be obtained in an international magnetic confinement fusion device firstly.

The present invention relates to a photon counting detector and method. The detector comprises a scintillator (21) configured to convert incident gamma radiation into optical photons; a pixelated photodetector (20, 30) configured to detect the flux of optical photons wherein the pixelated photodetector is a silicon photomultiplier, SiPM, detector, wherein each photodetector pixel comprises an array of silicon avalanche photo diodes, SPADs; and circuitry (23, 90) configured to carry out, per photodetector pixel, the steps of controlling a stop timing at which one or more functions of the photodetector pixel are stopped; determining a first photon count by accumulating the number of optical photons detected by the SPADs of the respective photodetector pixel from the start of an integration period up to the stop timing; and estimating a second photon count based on the first photon count and the stop timing, the second photon count representing an estimate of the photon count for the total integration period.

A florescent radiation dose rate sensor includes a nitrogen-vacancy diamond; a light detection system having a photon detection element and an optical filter, and wherein the light detection system is configured to receive light, filter the light, and detect photon flux of the light; and an optical assembly configured to deliver excitation light to and collect scattered florescent light from the NV diamond and configured to optically couple the NV diamond to the light detection system.