54 results about "Photon flux" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of synchrotron radiation experiments, in particular to an XAFS automatic sample changing device integrating light intensity management and an operation method.The XAFS automatic sample changing device integrating light intensity management comprises an optical filter wheel, a sample table and a control assembly, the optical filter wheel and the sample table form an integrated structure used for XAFS experiments, the sample switching process is matched with the incident X-ray light intensity adjusting process, and the XAFS automatic sample changing device integrating light intensity management is achieved. Therefore, light intensity management is realized in an automatic sample changing process; an optical filter wheel capable of automatically switching, a sample table capable of accurately positioning and a temperature monitoring and remote control system cooperating with the sample table are introduced into a synchrotron radiation X-ray optical path, so that the photon flux incident on a sample can be optimized in real time according to the signal state of a detector and the thermal load of an optical filter; the stability, repeatability and safety of an XAFS experiment are remarkably improved while signal saturation and equipment overheating are avoided, so that manual intervention is reduced, the debugging time is shortened, and the operation efficiency of a whole light beam line is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of image processing, in particular to a substation equipment state real-time monitoring method. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a preprocessed ultraviolet image; for any pixel point in the ultraviolet image, obtaining the response intensity of the pixel point in different filtering directions through filtering operation, and taking the maximum value of the response intensity as the linear intensity of the pixel point; taking a filtering direction corresponding to the linear intensity as a linear direction, and constructing a photon flux reflecting the brightness degree of each pixel point based on the gray level of the pixel point; constructing a cross point suspected degree based on the modulus of the normal component and the modulus of the tangential component; and calculating a fusion crack index of each pixel point based on the intersection suspected degree, the linear structure strength and the photon flux, forming an enhanced image by the fusion crack index of each pixel point, and extracting a crack edge from the enhanced image by using an edge detection algorithm. The method has the effect of improving the accuracy of crack detection of the insulating sleeve in the substation equipment.

The present disclosure provides methods, apparatus and systems for time-gated fluorescent-based detection. Time-based fluorescence analysis can be used in certain biochemical assays by measuring the emitted photon flux from fluorophores after an individual excitation pulse.

The present application discloses a radiation dose rate assessment method, device, storage medium and equipment in three-dimensional space, which belongs to the field of radiation detection technology. The concentration data and physical parameter data of the radioactive nuclide at least one first position point in the three-dimensional space are obtained; the three-dimensional convolution of the photon flux rate of the second position point is determined, and its final kernel function is the kernel function composed of the interpolation basis functions of the first position point and the second position point obtained by approximating the original kernel function according to the FMM; the concentration data and the physical parameter data are convoluted using the three-dimensional convolution to obtain the target photon flux rate; the radiation dose rate in the three-dimensional space is assessed based on the physical parameter data and the target photon flux rate. The present application can quickly calculate the radiation dose rate of continuous and arbitrary discrete positions, reducing the computational complexity and computational cost; it can assess the radiation dose rate of complex building scenes based on the shielding matrix, and accelerate the dose calculation and improve the calculation accuracy through the nested grid FMM.

The application discloses a method for non-contact testing of quantum efficiency (EQE) and short-circuit current (ISC) of a solar cell, relates to the technical field of photovoltaic device testing, and aims to solve the problems that the existing quantum efficiency and short-circuit current measurement must contact electrodes, is slow and cannot cover new gateless or process pieces; a non-contact testing method of "multi-wavelength LED excitation + local shielding + carrier lateral diffusion" is provided; the method blocks the excitation light by using a shielding filter, and only transmits the electroluminescence signal of the shielding area; the EL power of each wavelength is extracted through phase-locked amplification and deep learning denoising, the continuous EQE curve is calculated by using the calibrated incident photon flux ratio, and the ISC is obtained by convolution of the AM1.5 spectrum.

Methods for characterizing semiconductor doping in wide-bandgap semiconductor samples include: measuring an initial value V0 of the surface voltage at a region on the surface of the semiconductor sample in darkness; charging the region to deep depletion in darkness by depositing a specified corona charge at the region; measuring the surface voltage value at the region in darkness after charging; and using a specific photon flux f. eff The light irradiates the charging region, and a specific photon flux f eff A photon energy above the semiconductor bandgap is used, sufficient to generate free minority carriers in the semiconductor sample, thereby causing photoneutralization of the corona charge. The relationship between the photoneutralization-induced corona charge decay and the irradiation time t at the region is monitored using non-contact time-resolved measurements of the surface voltage V(t). The monitored time-resolved surface voltage decay data V(t) is analyzed to determine the photoneutralization time constant τ. ph ; and using a specific photon flux f eff Light neutralization time constant τ ph It serves as a semiconductor doping index, and its value characterizes the semiconductor doping concentration in that region.

This application relates to the field of microscopic imaging radiation calibration technology, providing a photon flux standard source and a method for measuring photon flux responsivity. The photon flux standard source includes an integrating sphere light source and an aperture; the outer side of the integrating sphere light source outlet includes a first flat surface with a first area, and the side of the aperture near the integrating sphere light source has a second flat surface with a second area. The first flat surface and the second flat surface are parallel and have a planar gap. The integrating sphere light source outlet has an average brightness within a solid angle defined by the aperture; wherein the planar gap, the average brightness, the first area, and the second area are used to calculate the photon flux to determine the photon flux responsivity of the detector under test. This application can accurately determine the photon flux entering the microscopic imaging system, thus improving the accuracy of the photon flux responsivity of the microscopic imaging system calibrated based on the photon flux.

The present disclosure provides methods that enable sequence-specific nucleic acid amplification in-situ using photo-switchable molecular constructs. The sample comprising target nucleic acids is exposed to pulsed photon fluxes with different wavelengths to actuate the photo-switchable molecular constructs that trigger and / or halt specific biochemical reactions resulting in amplifying the specific nucleic acid sequences in a linear or exponential fashion.

The invention discloses a radiotherapy plan automatic optimization design method based on machine learning, and relates to the technical field of radiotherapy, and the method comprises the steps: firstly collecting and preprocessing radiotherapy core data to generate a training set, training feature extraction, dose prediction and optimization adjustment of a model; processing to-be-processed data through a feature extraction model, screening three optimal similar cases in combination with cosine similarity, and extracting effective features; based on the feature vectors and the effective features, outputting an initial dose plan, constraint parameters and a deposition matrix by a dose prediction model; and finally, constructing a target function, and iteratively optimizing the radiation field parameters and the photon flux by adopting an improved ant colony algorithm and a conjugate gradient method. According to the method, clinical experience and individual differences are fused, the radiotherapy plan is efficiently and accurately generated, and the quality stability and clinical suitability of the plan are improved.

The invention discloses an atmospheric transmittance measuring method based on a single-photon detector, and belongs to the technical field of atmospheric detection. The atmospheric transmittance measuring method has the core advantages that accurate photon flow measurement is carried out on the calibrated fixed star by utilizing high sensitivity of the single-photon detector, and the atmospheric extinction coefficient is obtained through data fitting direct inversion, so that high-precision and direct measurement of the atmospheric transmittance of the whole layer is realized; errors caused by indirect calculation depending on a physical model or aerosol parameters are effectively avoided.

The application provides a simulation prediction method and system for slow positron source intensity in a research reactor, comprising the following steps: S1, reading arrangement information of components in a reactor core of the research reactor; S2, constructing a Monte Carlo model of the reactor core containing a slow positron source device, and obtaining neutron multi-group angular flux and photon multi-group angular flux information near the slow positron source generating device; S3, constructing a slow positron Monte Carlo model; S4, performing energy-angle double sampling to obtain an incident neutron energy probability density distribution function f n,ig,ia , an angle probability density distribution function f n,ia , an incident photon flux energy probability density distribution function f g,ig,ia , an angle probability density distribution function f g,ia , and a neutron-photon weight factor; S5, performing function sampling of particle types, energy and angle; and S6, obtaining slow positron distribution information generated in the slow positron generating device. The application accurately considers the whole life cycle of slow positron generation and transportation through multi-stage coupling, and realizes accurate prediction of slow positron source intensity.

A thermophotovoltaic (TPV) generator includes one or more ring modules including a frame formed from a high thermal conductivity material. Each ring module may be attached to another ring module in an axially stacked manner with a gas sealing engagement between them. Each ring module includes, on either a radially inward or radially outward surface thereof, TPV cells having a TPV cell output power no lower than 40% of the product of open circuit voltage and short circuit current at the maximum expected incident photon flux with energies above the TPV cell bandgap,. Each TPV cell converts photons with energy above the TPV cell bandgap thereof from a radiator into electrical energy. Each TPV cell includes a heat mirror on its surface, facing the radiator, which reflects photons with an energy lower than the TPV cell band gap back to the radiator.

Disclosed in the present application is a training method for a self-supervised microscopic image processing neural network. The method comprises: using an optical microscopic imaging system, which has a time-correlated single photon counting function, to acquire a fluorescence microscopic image data set, wherein the fluorescence microscopic image data set comprises a photon counting distribution set {Gmn(t)}MN for M×N pixels, M and N both being integers greater than 1, m ranging from 1 to M, n ranging from 1 to N, and t representing time; and by means of photon flux redistribution, constructing, from the photon counting distribution set for the M×N pixels, a training data set for a neural network comprising a fluorescence lifetime prediction convolution module and / or a denoising convolution module.

The application relates to the technical field of imaging detection, and particularly provides a surface detection system and method based on polarization imaging. The system comprises a light source, a beam splitter, a reflection device, a beam combiner, a polarization analyzer and an imaging device; the light source can generate a light source beam along a first light path; the beam splitter can divide the light source beam into a second signal light and a first signal light; the reflection device reflects the second signal light to obtain a second reflected signal light; the beam combiner combines the detection signal light and the first signal light / second reflected signal light to obtain interference signal light; the polarization analyzer filters the non-polarization signal light in the interference signal light; and the imaging device obtains a detection image of a surface to be detected. The surface detection system based on polarization imaging provided by the application can improve the resolution of the detection image of the surface to be detected, thereby improving the surface detection precision under a lower photon flux.

The invention discloses an activation source three-dimensional radioactive intensity inversion method and system based on gamma detector counting and a storage medium, and belongs to the field of radiation field calculation in the nuclear facility decommissioning process. The method comprises the following steps: measuring and acquiring a characteristic gamma-ray energy spectrum of an activation source through a detector by adopting an experimental measurement mode; performing appropriate grid division on the geometric model of the activation source; measuring the photon flux generated by the activation source at different positions in the space, and obtaining the coordinate of the measuring point position and the photon count of the detector; based on a Monte Carlo method, constructing a response model of the detector to the activation source, and obtaining a three-dimensional space response function of the detector through Monte Carlo forward calculation; based on the three-dimensional space response function, a response equation set between detector counting and activation source grid activity is established, and three-dimensional activity distribution of the activation source is obtained through inversion by solving the equation set. According to the invention, reverse inversion of three-dimensional activity distribution of the activation source based on counting of the gamma detector can be realized, and detailed neutron irradiation information does not need to be acquired.

An image sensor system includes a pixel array with a plurality of single photon detectors, wherein each single photon detector is configured to output an inactive voltage level in a state after reset and before detecting a photon and output an active voltage level in response to receiving a photon. A signal interface is configured to output binary detector information about active and inactive voltage levels of at least the predefined subset of the single photo avalanche detectors. A flux estimator is configured to estimate photon flux information from the binary detector information by a statistical analysis of a sequence of consecutively captured binary detector information.

In accordance with some embodiments, systems, methods, and media for high dynamic range imaging using single-photon and conventional image sensor data are provided. In some embodiments, the system comprises: first detectors configured to detect a level of photons proportional to incident photon flux; second detectors configured to detect arrival of individual photons; a processor programmed to: receive, from the first detectors, first values indicative of photon flux from a scene with a first resolution; receive, from the second detectors, second values indicative of photon flux from the scene with a lower resolution; provide a first encoder of a trained machine learning model first flux values based on the first values, provide the second encoder of the model second flux values; receive, as output, values indicative of photon flux from the scene; and generate a high dynamic range image based on the third plurality of values.

The present disclosure provides methods, devices, and systems to detect, in real-time, the presence, abundance and / or interactions of one or more biological analytes in an aqueous medium. Using time-resolved optical methods, the system may be subjected to a short excitation pulse photon flux and the detection may include measuring and subsequently analyzing the temporal optical response of system in the presence and absence of the analytes. Methods may include using the devices and systems described herein for analyte detection.

The invention discloses a method for non-contact testing of quantum efficiency (EQE) and short-circuit current (ISC) of a solar cell, relates to the technical field of photovoltaic device testing, and is used for solving the problems that the existing quantum efficiency and short-circuit current measurement must be in contact with an electrode, the speed is low, and a novel grid-free or process sheet cannot be covered. A non-contact testing method of multi-wavelength LED excitation, local shielding and carrier transverse diffusion is provided; according to the method, exciting light is blocked by using a shielding optical filter and only penetrates through an electroluminescent signal of a shielding area; the EL power of each wavelength is extracted through phase-locked amplification and deep learning denoising, a continuous EQE curve is calculated according to the specific value of the EL power and the calibrated incident photon flux, and the AM1.5 spectrum is subjected to convolution to obtain ISC.

The application relates to a short-circuit current calculation method, a test system and a computer program product of a solar cell. A reflectivity signal corresponding to a to-be-tested solar cell is acquired; relative photoelectric response information of the to-be-tested solar cell under different wavelengths is acquired; the relative photoelectric response information is obtained by applying direct current bias light to the to-be-tested solar cell to make the to-be-tested solar cell work at a preset working point, applying alternating current modulation light of multiple wavelengths to the to-be-tested solar cell, and measuring at a modulation frequency corresponding to each alternating current modulation light; relative external quantum efficiency is calculated based on the relative photoelectric response information; absolute external quantum efficiency is calculated according to the reflectivity signal and the relative external quantum efficiency; and short-circuit current of the to-be-tested solar cell is calculated according to the absolute external quantum efficiency and a standard solar light photon flux spectrum. The method effectively improves the accuracy of the short-circuit current calculation result.

The present invention relates to a photon counting detector and method. The detector comprises a scintillator (21) configured to convert incident gamma radiation into optical photons; a pixelated photodetector (20, 30) configured to detect the flux of optical photons wherein the pixelated photodetector is a silicon photomultiplier, SiPM, detector, wherein each photodetector pixel comprises an array of silicon avalanche photo diodes, SPADs; and circuitry (23, 90) configured to carry out, per photodetector pixel, the steps of controlling a stop timing at which one or more functions of the photodetector pixel are stopped; determining a first photon count by accumulating the number of optical photons detected by the SPADs of the respective photodetector pixel from the start of an integration period up to the stop timing; and estimating a second photon count based on the first photon count and the stop timing, the second photon count representing an estimate of the photon count for the total integration period.

A florescent radiation dose rate sensor includes a nitrogen-vacancy diamond; a light detection system having a photon detection element and an optical filter, and wherein the light detection system is configured to receive light, filter the light, and detect photon flux of the light; and an optical assembly configured to deliver excitation light to and collect scattered florescent light from the NV diamond and configured to optically couple the NV diamond to the light detection system.

A LiDAR apparatus including a light emitter system configured to emit laser pulses toward a target, a photon detector configured to detect laser signals reflected from the target by sensing an accumulation of single photons, and a controller coupled to the light emitter system and the photon detector, the controller configured to create an avalanche histogram from the detected laser signals, transform the avalanche histogram into an avalanche probability histogram by framing raw data from the photon detector as a sequence of Bernoulli trials within a timestamp interval and applying a binomial confidence estimation, transform the avalanche probability histogram into a linearized intensity histogram by correcting waveform distortion, and determine a photon intensity of the reflected laser signals based on an average count rate and an average photon flux rate associated with the linearized intensity histogram.

The application relates to a detection method and device based on quantum period matching and a detection equipment. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a quantum characteristic period of a target object; the quantum characteristic period is determined according to an energy level difference of the target object and a Planck constant; generating detection radiation according to the quantum characteristic period of the target object and a preset first period matching relationship; the quantum characteristic period of the detection radiation satisfies the first period matching relationship with the quantum characteristic period of the target object; obtaining a period offset, a period broadening coefficient and a photon flux of the detection radiation after the detection radiation interacts with the target object; and obtaining multi-dimensional physical information of the target object according to the period offset, the period broadening coefficient and the photon flux, so as to realize accurate perception of the speed, vibration frequency, reflectivity and transmissivity of the target object.

The application belongs to the technical field of laser, and discloses a steady-state simulation method, equipment and storage medium of a solid laser. A pump source model is constructed to calculate pump light intensity and photon flux; a crystal heat source distribution is solved based on the pump light intensity, a three-dimensional temperature field and a thermal lens focal length are obtained by using a step-by-step Fourier solving method; the stability is analyzed by dynamically updating the equivalent g parameter and the curvature radius of the resonant cavity by using the thermal lens focal length; the pump absorption and gain distribution are calculated in combination with the pump light intensity, the photon flux and the crystal boundary reflection characteristics; the pump-laser mode overlap factor is calculated based on the beam parameter calculated according to the equivalent g parameter, the pump light intensity and the laser light intensity; the laser threshold power is calculated, and the output power is calculated in combination with the threshold power and the input pump power; the steady-state laser field is iteratively solved based on the equivalent g parameter, the thermal lens focal length and the gain distribution, and finally the simulation result is output, the dynamic coupling feedback of the thermal lens focal length and the resonant cavity parameter is realized, and the simulation precision is significantly improved.

The invention provides a method and a system for simulating and predicting the intensity of a slow positron source in a research reactor. The method comprises the following steps: S1, reading arrangement information of components in a reactor core of the research reactor; s2, constructing a research reactor core Monte Carlo model containing a slow positron source device, and obtaining neutron multi-group angle flux and photon multi-group angle flux information near a slow positron source generation device; s3, constructing a slow positron source Monte Carlo model; s4, performing energy and angle double sampling to obtain incident neutron energy probability density distribution functions fn, ig and ia, angle probability density distribution functions fn and ia, incident photon flux energy probability density distribution functions fg, ig and ia, angle probability density distribution functions fg and ia and neutron and photon weight factors; s5, function sampling of particle types, energy and angles is carried out; and S6, acquiring slow positron distribution information generated in the slow positron generation device. According to the method, the generation of the slow positron and the full life cycle of transportation are accurately considered through multi-stage coupling, and accurate prediction of the intensity of the slow positron source is realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of antibiotic treatment, in particular to a photocatalyst-based pharmaceutical wastewater antibiotic residue treatment method which comprises the following steps: judging whether the interface contact efficiency of light and a catalyst is qualified or not based on an effective photon flux attenuation rate; under the condition that the interface contact efficiency of the light and the catalyst is unqualified, the gas-liquid ratio of the reactor is adjusted by a proportional adjustment coefficient based on the bubble density; fitting a degradation kinetics curve of the target antibiotic based on the real-time concentration of the target antibiotic determined by sampling in a preset duration in the photocatalytic reaction process, and optimizing the proportion adjustment coefficient based on the reaction time point of the degradation inflection point of the degradation kinetics curve; and determining a deviation index between an actual degradation path of the target antibiotic and a preset degradation path based on the intermediate product spectrum so as to determine whether the actual degradation path is qualified, and optimizing a preset addition proportion based on the qualification of the actual degradation path and the residual concentration of the target antibiotic. The treatment efficiency of the antibiotics in the pharmaceutical wastewater is improved.

The application discloses a kind of simulation prediction methods of indoor radioactivity distribution, comprising: constructing indoor building model, the radioactivity absorption simulation of different radionuclide sources is carried out, and the photon flux of corresponding position in the room of indoor building model is obtained;Calculate the ideal absorption dose rate of room irradiation under the specific activity condition of different radionuclide sources;Photon flux is used as input data, and target absorption dose rate is used as output data;Training data set is constructed, random forest regression model is trained, and trained random forest regression model is output;The photon flux of radionuclide in different positions in the room collected by photon detector is input into trained random forest regression model, and the distribution of indoor room irradiation absorption dose rate is obtained.The application can be used for radioactivity level analysis in multi-target scene, and solve the problem that previous building material radioactivity level analysis can only be calculated by empirical formula, so that it is not accurate enough.

The invention discloses a photoreaction device for metal organic chemistry, and relates to the technical field of organic chemistry. The mixing mechanism is mounted between the top inner wall and the bottom inner wall of the reactor; the illumination mechanism is mounted at the upper part of the outer wall of the mixing mechanism; through cooperative work of the fixing frame, the adjusting driving assembly, the adjusting plate, the lamp holders and the LED lamp wicks, on one hand, the lamp holders which are annularly distributed and are of a six-prismatic-table structure are used for installing the LED lamp wicks, multi-direction and multi-angle illumination output is achieved, and the problems that an existing device is single in light source layout and uneven in light intensity distribution due to the fixed irradiation direction are effectively solved; on the other hand, the driving assembly is adjusted to drive the adjusting plate to ascend and descend, the distance between the LED lamp wick and the reaction liquid can be dynamically adjusted according to the reaction requirement, the optical path length is flexibly optimized, and the loss of photons absorbed or scattered on the surface layer of the solution is reduced; and the photon utilization rate and the overall reaction rate are greatly improved.