42 results about "Polistes japonicus" patented technology

The invention relates to a Chinese herbal medicine compound bait, as well as a preparation method and application of the Chinese herbal medicine compound bait. The Chinese herbal medicine compound bait comprises the following Chinese herbal medicine components by weight percent: 20-30% of radix pseudostellariae, 5-10% of cordyceps sinensis, 10-15% of lycium chinense, 10-15% of clove, 10-15% of honeysuckle, 10-15% of radix bupleuri, 5-10% of liquorice, 5-10% of radix astragali, 1-5% of poria cocos and 1-5% of borneol; and the Chinese herbal medicine compound bait comprises the following basic bait components by weight percent: 30-35% of sea mud, 10-15% of kelp meal, 4-6% of shell powder, 10-15% of sargassum thunbergii powder, 0.5-1% of spiral seaweed, 3-5% of fish meal, 3-5% of vegetable protein, 1-3% of shrimp meal, 2-3% of scallop skirt, 0.6-0.8% of yeast tablets, 2-2.2% of composite mineral salt and 1.8-2% of multivitamin. The Chinese herbal medicine components are mixed into the basic bait components according to the ratio of 2-5%, and the mixture has the particle size of 250-300 meshes. The Chinese herbal medicine compound bait provided by the invention is capable of obviously increasing the weight gain rate and survival rate of stichopus japonicus, reducing the splanchnic ratio, and improving the immunity of the stichopus japonicus; and the Chinese herbal medicine compound bait is free from toxic and side effects, can be used for remarkably improving the 'skin ulceration syndrome' resistance of the stichopus japonicus and has the advantages of reducing the food coefficient as well as NH3-N content and chemical oxygen demand (COD) content in aquaculture water, and the like, thus having good guiding significance for increasing the yield of stichopus japonicus aquaculture and the prevention and treatment of diseases.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a stichopus japonicus microorganism degumming kelp fermented feed. The preparation method comprises the steps: adding microecologics capable of degrading sodium alginate in kelp in a basal feed with the kelp as a main raw material and fermenting, wherein the basal feed comprises the following components in percent by weight: 45-55 percent of kelp meal, 5-15 percent of fish meal, 25-35 percent of sea mud, 5-10 percent of shell powder and 1-5 percent of decavitamin and mineral substances, and the amount of the microecologics is 1-5 percent of the weight of the basal feed. According to the feed disclosed by the invention, the digestibility and utilization rate of stichopus japonicus to the kelp can be remarkably increased, the nutrition and energy level required by the growth of the stichopus japonicus are met, the problem of deficiency of sargassum thunbergii resources of an excellent bait for the stichopus japonicus is effectively solved; and the feed has a raw material value-added function, and is low in cost. Under a better ecological condition, the feed is capable of reducing the damage of the residual bait to a culturing water body, promoting the immunity of the stichopus japonicus to a certain extent, and preventing antibiotics from being used.

A method of cultivating fry of Apostichopus japonicus by floating cages in ponds includes: 1, producing and placing cages, and producing floating cages; 2, stocking fry of Apostichopus japonicus reasonably; 3, controlling water quality reasonably; 4, managing cultivation of the fry of Apostichopus japonicus reasonably; 5, adjusting cage level reasonably. The method has the advantages that survival rate, yield and fry quality of the fry of Apostichopus japonicus are increased, the method has good effect and is convenient to popularize, the floating cages can sink to proper levels in hot periods of summer and cold periods of winter so that water temperature and water quality are maintained, and growing period of cage-cultivated fry can also be prolonged.

The invention discloses an ocytocic for inducing stichopus japonicus to lay eggs in vivo, which is prepared by the following steps of: dissolving NGLWY amide in ultrapure water to obtain 1mu mol/L mother liquid, pouring the mother liquid into 0.5mol/L seawater solution of KCl to obtain the ocytocic of which the NGLWY amide concentration is 1nmoll/L. The NGLWY amide and KCl, which are rationally blended and interacted, directly act on the gonad of the stichopus japonicus to induce the oocytes of the stichopus japonicus to be mature and remove follicle, so that all individuals are basically ovulate at one time of parturition, and the parturition ratio is as high as over 90 percent. The used amount of the ocytocic can guarantee that the parent stichopus japonicus does not produce undesired stuff, that the ovulation rate is greatly improved, that average egg laying amount is increased to 4 million which accounts for over 70 percent of the total brood amount, so that the use efficiency of the parent stichopus japonicus is greatly improved, the problem that the parent stichopus japonicus produces the undesired stuff caused by a large amount of KCl injected simply is solved, and the problem of small egg laying amount caused by simply using the NGLWY amid is solved.

The invention discloses a molecular marker and method for quickly identifying the excellent stichopus japonicus selenka variety. The primers of the molecular marker are the primers of the amplified ADP glycosylation factor, amplified arginine kinase, amplified cytochrome oxidase c subunit, amplified heat shock protein 70 and amplified primer actin. The expressing genes of the molecular marker are the gene fragments of the ADP glycosylation factor, arginine kinase, cytochrome oxidase c subunit, heat shock protein 70 and actin. The method comprises the following steps: extracting the total RNA, synthesizig the cDNA, and amplifying and identifying by PCR (polymerase chain reaction). The molecular marker and the method can be used for identifying quickly, easily, specifically and efficiently. If the expression level of at least three of the gene fragments is 2.0, the stichopus japonicus selenka is the excellent variety which can grow up quickly. Therefore, the stichopus japonicus selenka which can grow up quickly can be screened out and cultured as the excellent variety, the culturing time of the stichopus japonicus selenka can be shortened, and the culturing benefit of the stichopus japonicus selenka can be improved.

The invention discloses a full-balanced ultrafine pellet feed for stichopus japonicus larva. The full-balanced ultrafine pellet feed comprises following ingredients, by weight, 30 to 40% of protein, 2 to 15% of starch, 3 to 7% of grease, 1 to 3% of composite vitamin, 1 to 5% of composite mineral, 1 to 3% of bacteria, 35 to 50% of algae and 1 to 6% of Chinese herbal medicine. According to the full-balanced ultrafine pellet feed, feeding characteristics of stichopus japonicus larva under natural conditions are simulated, the requirements of stichopus japonicus larva for key nutrition ingredients are taken into consideration, so that comprehensive and balanced ratio of nutrition ingredients is designed for the growth of stichopus japonicus larva. It is shown by production test of the full-balanced ultrafine pellet feed that, survival rate and weight gain rate of the application of the full-balanced ultrafine pellet feed are both higher than that of the application of existing stichopus japonicus mixed feed of common brands.

The invention relates to an environment-friendly seawater pond culture method for portunus trituberculatus and stichopus japonicus and belongs to the technical field of marine culture. The method includes: in early March, preparing a pond, and laying a stichopus japonicus adhering base; in early April, adding 240 jin of 15/jin stichopus japonicus seeds to each mu of the pond according to pond area, and normally feeding; in early May, adding 200-400 Huangxuan No. 1 stage-VI female portunus trituberculatus to each mu of the pond according to the number of the enemies of the stichopus japonicus in the pond, wherein the portunus trituberculatus is not fed during culture; in the first ten days of November, harvesting the portunus trituberculatus and the stichopus japonicus for selling. Experiments of the method prove that the portunus trituberculatus can be added in the whole culture process of the stichopus japonicus to perform mixed culture, the portunus trituberculatus adding is not limited to an estivation period, and the portunus trituberculatus does not prey on or damage the stichopus japonicus even if the portunus trituberculatus is not fed. The method has the advantages that theidea that technicians in the field takes the portunus trituberculatus as the culture enemy of the stichopus japonicus for a long time is changed, culture water is utilized sufficiently, and culture economic benefits are increased.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a stichopus japonicas bait, aiming at solving the technical problem that the existing trepang feed is high in cost and unstable in effect. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding water to a mixture of vinasse, kelp residue, mixed microorganism bacterium liquid, kelp powder, sargassum thunbergii powder, gulfweed powder and shell powder and stirring to be uniform, performing solid fermentation for 2-6 days under the condition of the temperature of 20-35 DEG C, grinding, and adding sea mud to obtain the stichopus japonicas bait. The preparation method is used for the field of preparation of the stichopus japonicas bait.

The invention discloses a breeding method of a high-temperature-resistant stichopus japonicus strain and belongs to the field of genetic breeding of aquatic products. Stichopus japonicus surviving after natural high temperature elimination in summer in different regions is selected as a parent, families are constructed through breeding after sexual maturity, heat shock at the temperature of 28 DEG C is performed at the auricularia stage of each family, 20% of families are reserved according to the survival rate and the malformation rate, the reserved families are mixed and bred until the average weight of individuals is larger than 50 g, high-temperature stress is performed at 32 DEG C to remove dead and damaged individuals, less than 25% of individuals are reserved and continuously bred until sexual maturity, heat shock selection and breeding of three generations are performed continuously in the same principle, and the new stichopus japonicus strain with the high-temperature-resistant character is obtained. The original parent of stichopus japonicus better conforms to the tolerance characteristic of the actual breeding environment; high-temperature domestication screening of the families in the larva period and high-temperature stress screening in the breeding period are performed, family breeding and group breeding are combined, and the selection efficiency is improved; breeding of three generations is performed continuously, the high-temperature-resistant character is stabilized, and the breeding method has good economic benefit and broad breeding prospect.

The present invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, specifically to a stereo mixed culture method for sea cucumber and abalone. The method comprises the following steps: clearing away foreign matters on an abalone culture container when the water temperature in a southern sea area falls to 19 to 21 DEG C in each fall, and disinfecting the container; putting sea cucumber fingerlings into the disinfected abalone culture container; and feeding feeds and carrying out mixed culture of the sea cucumber and the abalone. According to the invention, through the mixed culture of the cucumber and the abalone, self purification ability of the culture water is strengthened to the greatest extent, and environmental conditions of the aquaculture water are effectively improved; since the sea cucumber substantially feeds on residual feeds and manures produced by the abalone, pollution to water is lightened, propagation and diffusion of pathogens are reduced and infection of the abalone with diseases is reduced; and since the sea cucumber is bred through mixed culture, extra increase of culture cost is not needed, and high culture efficiency is obtained.

The invention discloses a full-balanced powder forage for adult stichopus japonicas. The full-balanced powder forage comprises compounds of protein, starch, grease, composite vitamin, composite mineral, bacteria, algae and Chinese herbal medicine. The ratio of the compounds is designed based on physiological characteristics and nutritional requirements of adult stichopus japonicus; the ratio is scientific and reasonable, and meets growth requirements of stichopus japonicus; the powder forage is developed based on characteristics of greenhouse cultivation of stichopus japonicus; it is confirmed by feeding that absorptivity is high, and digestive efficiency is excellent. The Chinese herbal medicine and the bacteria are added specially, so that the full-balanced powder forage has significant effects on improvement of physical condition of adult stichopus japonicus, and morbidity in cultivation is low. Single-celled algae and macrophytic algae are added into the full-balanced powder forage according to feeding characteristics of stichopus japonicus, so that the full-balanced powder forage is popular with stichopus japonicus, and growth speed of stichopus japonicus fast.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a microbial kelp degummed fermented feed and application thereof in stichopus japonicus culture. The method includes the step of adding a microecological preparation capable of degrading algin in kelp into a kelp based basic feed to perform fermentation. The basic feed is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 45-55% of kelp powder, 5-15% of fish meal, 25-35% of sea mud, 5-10% of shell powder, and 1-5% of compound vitamin and minerals. The dosage of the microecological preparation accounts for 1-5% of the mass of the basic feed. The feed provided by the invention can significantly enhance the digestibility and utilization of stichopus japonicus to kelp, meets the needs of stichopus japonicus growth for nutrition and energy level, effectively solves the high quality bait sargassum thunbergii resource shortage problem of stichopus japonicus, has raw material value adding function, and is low in cost. Under good ecological conditions, the feed provided by the invention can reduce the destruction of residual bait to aquaculture water, can promote stichopus japonicus immunity to certain degree, and avoids the use of antibiotics.

The invention provides a breeding method of purple apostichopus japonicus. The breeding method is characterized by collecting purely wild apostichopus japonicus individuals of which the back part and the abdomen part are totally purple, and transplanting the apostichopus japonicus individuals into a breeding pond for carrying out independent separation, temporary rearing and preserving; screening breeding base populations in the middle of May, and carrying out artificial spawning, hatching and breeding; when 30 percent of planktonic larvae develop to be doliolaria, feeding an adhering substrate, changing water and feeding fodder; recording the body color and the growth and development situation of the doliolaria at a fixed period, and screening and weeding out weak individuals; performing an overall breeding process in a purple environment, and strengthening the coloring of young purple apostichopus japonicus by feeding the fodder containing purple natural pigment components in an assisting manner; respectively carrying out selfing on bred F1-generation purple apostichopus japonicus and hybridization on the bred F1-generation purple apostichopus japonicus and preserved base populations, thus forming F2 filial generations, wherein a breeding technology and breeding conditions of the F2 filial generations are the same as those of F1 generations; carrying out three times of high-strength standard breeding, thus obtaining F3-generation new varieties of the purple apostichopus japonicus, wherein the selection and reservation rate is 90 percent or more, and no significant difference of the growing speed and the anti-capability is generated between the F3-generation new varieties of the purple apostichopus japonicus and original apostichopus japonicus.

The invention relates to a water changing method for culturing auricularia of stichopus japonicus, and belongs to the technical field of artificial culturing and water changing methods of stichopus japonicus. The method comprises the following steps of 1), water changing in the earlier stage, wherein in the earlier stage, water is only added but not drained, specifically, water which accounts for1/3-1/2 of the volume of a culture pond 1 is added into the culture pond 1 on the day when the auricularia is put into the pond, and afterwards, water which accounts for 1/10 of the volume of the culture pond 1 is added into the culture pond 1 every day until the culture pond 1 is filled up; 2), water changing in the later stage, wherein after the culture pond 1 is filled up, water needs to be changed every day, before water changing, the auricularia needs to sufficiently float upwards at first, after the auricularia sufficiently floats upwards, bottom water with poor water quality is drainedfrom the bottom of the pond, meanwhile, residual feeds, feces, dead and inferior auricularia and other sundries settled at the bottom of the pond are discharged out of the pond, when the discharged water accounts for 1/5-1/3 of the volume of the culture pond or the upward-floating auricularia has the sign of diffusing, water draining is stopped, the culture pond is filled with new water until theculture pond is filled up, when 5-10% of the auricularia in the culture pond is metamorphosed into doliolarias, a substratum is put, and then water changing in the later stage is finished. The water changing method has the advantages that the water changing effect is good, the water changing efficiency is high, the labor intensity is lowered, the auricularia is prevented from being injured, crossinfection of diseases is prevented, run-off of the auricularia is reduced, and the culturing cost is lowered.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and relates to a phage isolate capable of specifically cracking Vibrio parahaemolyticus and application of the phage in the field of sea cucumber disease prevention, so that the economic benefit of sea cucumber breeding enterprises is improved, and food safety is guaranteed from the source. The vibrio parahaemolyticus phage vB_VpaP_VP-ABTNL-1 has a preservation number of CGMCC No.17991. The vibrio parahaemolyticus phage provided by the invention is applied to the prevention of the stichopus japonicus disease and can effectively prevent the infection of the vibrio parahaemolyticus in the breeding process.

The invention discloses an Apostichopus japonicus Pseudomonas elyacovii HS1 strain (CCTCCM2012512), which belongs to Pseudomonas. With a strain code of HS1, the strain has a Latin scientific name of Pseudomonas elyacovii, and is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) on December 6, 2012, with a preservation number of CCTCCM2012512. The strain can be used as a feed additive for Apostichopus japonicus. Being able to secrete protease, amylase and other digestive enzymes, the strain has the ability to promote digestive absorption of Apostichopus japonicas and can improve the growth performance of Apostichopus japonicas. The strain can survive in water without killing alga. Being able to proliferate substantially, the strain can compete with pathogenic bacteria in water for nutrition and decompose organic matters in water so as to play a water purifying role. Being a colonizable dominant strain in a real sense, the Apostichopus japonicus Pseudomonas elyacovii HS1 strain can replace chemical drugs to undergo disease prevention and control without destroying the ecological environment.

The invention provides a method for ecologically breeding stichopus japonica, siganus oramin and jellyfishes in a pond of the Yellow River delta area and belongs to an aquaculture method. When water temperature reaches 16-18 DEG C in later April, 900-1100 siganus oramin young fishes are put into each mu of water in the stichopus japonica breeding pond, a net cage is defined by a filtering screen in the middle of the stichopus japonica breeding pond, and 30-50 jellyfish young fishes with the diameter being 1.5-2.2 cm are put into every cubic meter of water; after breeding is conducted to early November, water temperature of the pond is reduced to 14-16 DEG C, siganus oramin is harvested, and in the breeding process, the jellyfishes are harvested twice. By means of the ecological breeding method, stichopus japonica, siganus oramin and jellyfishes are bred in a mixed mode; the characteristic that siganus oramin and jellyfishes eat alga and protozoa in the stichopus japonica breeding pond is used, so alga and disease organisms of the stichopus japonica breeding pond of the Yellow River delta area are effectively inhibited; good quality of the stichopus japonica breeding pond is maintained, yield increase of stichopus japonica is achieved, and the environment problem caused by stichopus japonica breeding is alleviated..

The invention provides a method used for inducing Apostichopus japonicus gonad development. The method comprises that Apostichopus japonicus is arranged in seawater for breeding, seawater is heated to induce the Apostichopus japonicus to carry out gonad development, during the heating process, a linear function K=N(T-C) is employed to monitor the biological zero degree and the effective accumulated temperature of the Apostichopus japonicus, when the biological zero degree of the Apostichopus japonicus C=6.14+/-0.82 DEG C, and the effective accumulated temperature of the Apostichopus japonicus K=800.19+/-78.62 DEG C *d, the gonad of the Apostichopus japonicus is mature, N is the gonad development number of days, and T is the average water temperature of seawater during the breeding period. According to the invention, through a heating manner, the Apostichopus japonicus gonad development is induced, the biological zero degree and the effective accumulated temperature are monitored to accurately indicate that the gonad of the Apostichopus japonicus is mature, a full year breeding mode can be achieved, operating level and productivity effect of manual large-scale breeding are improved.