33 results about "Second law of thermodynamics" patented technology

A modified asphalt is prepared through preparing the homogeneous body from cosolvent, refined furfural oil, and thermoplastic elastomer SBS, through hot mixing and stirring, and mixing it with the heated asphalt. Its advantages are no coagulation and educing, and low cost.

This invention presents improved combustion methods, systems, engines and apparatus utilizing H₂, O₂ and H₂O as fuel, thereby providing environmentally friendly combustion products, as well as improved fuel and energy management methods, systems, engines and apparatus. The Water Combustion Technology; WCT, is based upon water (H₂O) chemistry, more specifically H₂O combustion chemistry and thermodynamics. WCT does not use any hydrocarbon fuel source, rather the WCT uses H₂ preferably with O₂ and secondarily with air. The WCT significantly improves the thermodynamics of combustion, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of combustion, utilizing the first and second laws of thermodynamics. The WCT preferably controls combustion temperature with H₂O and secondarily with air in the combustion chamber. The WCT preferably recycles exhaust gas energy as fuel converted from water. The WCT minimizes external cooling loops and minimizes exhaust and/or exhaust energy, thereby maximizing available work and internal energy while minimizing enthalpy and entropy losses.

This embodiment is a Stirling-Electric Hybrid automotive exhaust module generator device for converting waste heat energy into electrical energy by employing the Seebeck Effect. The disclosure herein describes how the invention converts heat energy, from hot exhaust gases, from the operation of an automotive external combustion engine (e. g. Stirling Cycle engine), into electrical energy which is fed back into the electrical system of the Stirling-Electric Hybrid Automobile (U.S. Pat. No. 7,726,130 B2) minimizing losses due to the second law of thermodynamics. The improvements on the art in this disclosure focuses on employing a plurality of thermopiles and materials with improved coefficients of thermal conductivity and increasing residence time of the hot exhaust gases by inducing turbulent flow through the module generator device in conjunction with external cooling plate(s), heat sink(s); in the form of a plurality of pin(s), on the interior and exterior surface(s) of the module generator device.

A method and device for transferring heat in a heat pump, where heat energy is transferred with the aid of light or other electromagnetic radiation from an element (1) emitting radiation to an element (2) absorbing radiation in a direction opposite to the direction defined by the second law of thermodynamics and in which a part of the energy of the absorbed radiation is converted back to an exploitable form of energy, like electrical or mechanical energy.

The invention discloses a technological process for generating electricity by solar energy and hot water generated by cooling devices, which has a cost less than that of thermal power generation. The invention is based on the law of conservation and transformation of energy, and the supplement to the second law of thermodynamics by the inventor: by the thermodynamic property of working materials, a low temperature heat source can be uses as a high temperature heat source by a heat pump. High-temperature high-pressure water vapor is generated by hot water produced by a solar water heater, a user cooling device and an air conditioner, and used for driving a steam turbine to generate electricity. According to the invention, solar energy which is omnipresent, inexhaustible and cleanest on the earth and waster heat are used, the cost is far less than that of thermal power generation. Therefore, the invention has epochal great significance.

The invention discloses a novel energy conversion system. The novel energy conversion system includes a heat aggregation mechanism, an energy conversion mechanism, a cooling and liquefying mechanism, and a working medium circulation mechanism which are connected in a pairwise manner. The whole system accords with the operating principle of the Rankine heat engine cycle system and the second law of thermodynamics. In the heat aggregation mechanism, a gas-liquid phase combined heat exchange component is used for technological aggregation and transfer of heat from a natural environmental heat source or an artificial environmental heat source to a working medium; in the cooling and liquefying mechanism, a forced type condenser technology is used to achieve effective heat dissipation and liquefaction of a working medium tail gas; in the working medium circulation mechanism, a working medium pump and a liquid storage tank are used to achieve the possibility of circulatory movements of the working medium in a closed system; in the energy conversion mechanism, an energy conversion assembly is used to convert the heat energy of working medium gas flows entering the mechanism into mechanical energy, or further convert the mechanical energy into electric energy. The energy conversion system provided by the invention is an improved and innovative energy conversion system, which can utilize energies, including but not limited to various low-grade heat energies, and convert the low-grade heat energies into mechanical power for work. The novel energy conversion system is a novel power generation system when connected with a power generator.

The invention relates to a dual-cartridge filter type wastewater thermal energy recovery system comprising dual filter cartridges, a centrifugal pump and a heat exchanger. The water inlet pipes of the dual filter cartridges are inserted into a cesspool through coarse filtration, and the dual filter cartridges are in the manner of parallel connection; and the heat exchanger is provided with a pipeline respectively connected with a clear water inlet and a sewage outlet and further provided with a pipeline connected to a constant pressure hot water pool, and a hand valve is arranged on the pipeline. In the invention, by utilizing the first law of thermodynamics and the second law of thermodynamics, the energy conversion is carried out on the filtered high temperature wastewater and the equivalent cold clear water through the heat exchanger so as to achieve the purposes of raising the temperature of the clear water, saving steams, synchronously reducing the discharge temperature of the wastewater and decreasing subsequent wastewater costs.

The invention discloses an environmental-friendly and energy-saving multifunctional ceramic tube water air conditioning system and an operation method thereof. The environmental-friendly and energy-saving multifunctional ceramic tube water air conditioning system comprises a copper tube, wherein the interior of the copper tube is communicated with an external water source; the exterior of the copper tube is wrapped by a porous ceramic tube; hot water in the copper tube carries out energy exchange with the external environment of the porous ceramic tube through the second law of thermodynamics; the porous ceramic tube is fixedly supported in a semicircular cylinder by a bracket; and a semicircular metal cover with small holes formed in the two sides is arranged on the upper side of the semicircular cylinder. The environmental-friendly and energy-saving multifunctional ceramic tube water air conditioning system has the characteristic of integrating environmental protection, energy conservation and multiple functions and is suitable for popularization and application.

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for estimating the capacity of an air storage chamber of a compressed air energy storage system. Based on the operation state of the compressed air energy storage system, the aerodynamic principle of the air storage chamber and the thermal coupling effect of the surrounding rock of the air storage chamber, the air temperature change curve and the air pressure change curve of the air storage chamber are obtained. According to the air temperature curve, the air pressure curve and the second law of thermodynamics, the storage capacitycalculation model of the gas storage chamber is obtained. In accordance with storage capacity calculation model and a preset target ( storage capacity, the target capacity of the gas storage chamberis determined. Considering the aerodynamic principle of the gas storage chamber and the thermal coupling of the surrounding rock, Combined with the running state of compressed air energy storage system, the calculation of the storage capacity of the gas storage chamber is accurately modeled in order to achieve accurate evaluation of the capacity of the gas storage tank. The method can effectivelybalance the rapidity and accuracy of capacity estimation, can be used for early planning and design of compressed air energy storage system.

The invention relates to a steel flow energy efficiency calculation method. The method comprises the following steps: determining energy input of a steel production process; respectively calculating energy loss of each process and energy loss of each interface based on the first law of thermodynamics and the second law of thermodynamics; calculating energy loss of the steel production process based on the sum of the energy loss of each process and the energy loss of each interface; and calculating the energy efficiency eta of the steel production process based on the energy input of the steel production process and the energy loss amount of the steel production process. The steel flow energy efficiency calculation method provided by the invention makes up a blank in energy efficiency evaluation of current steel flow energy systems.

The invention relates to a device capable of both heating and cooling, especially a heat and cold two-way symbiosis system that only consumes refrigeration energy in one direction and obtains two-way energy output, and can also cool when hot water and steam of different temperatures are produced. According to the second law of thermodynamics, through the work of the compressor, the heat is transferred from the air (cooling and cooling the surrounding air) to the hot water. The heat exchanger solves the problem of today's heat supply without a special boiler; the waste heat generated during cooling is fully recycled through the heat exchanger, and no longer emits waste heat to the atmosphere. It does not affect cooling and cooling at the same time, and obtains hot water The investment of installing a water heater and the cost of special heating of hot water are saved, and the invention is applicable to all occasions that require refrigeration and obtain cheap heat energy.

The invention discloses a comprehensive utilization system for ring cooling machine waste gas and sintering large flue exhaust gas waste heat. The system comprises a ring cooling machine front area waste heat recycling device, a low pressure steam drum and a high pressure steam drum. The ring cooling machine front area waste recycling device comprises a heat exchange device. The heat exchange device comprises a box body, and a high pressure superheater, a high pressure evaporator, a low pressure superheater, a high pressure coal economizer, a low pressure evaporator and a low pressure coal economizer which are sequentially arranged in the box body in the exhaust gas flowing direction. High-temperature exhaust gas waste heat in a sintering large flue and sintering ore cooled waste gas waste heat of a ring cooling machine are recycled, low-temperature waste gas waste heat of the III area of the ring cooling machine is utilized, the system is reasonably arranged in the heated face of the sintering large flue and the ring cooling machine waste heat recycling device according to the second law of thermodynamics, flue gas waste heat in the flue is recycled stepwise, two kinds of high-grade steam are produced, the power generation efficiency is improved, one steam drum is adopted for recycling waste heat in the sintering large flue and the ring cooling machine, the equipment number is reduced, and the investment cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a comprehensive utilization system of waste heat of ring cooling machine low-temperature exhaust gas and sintering large flue smoke. The comprehensive utilization system of the waste heat of the ring cooling machine low-temperature exhaust gas and the sintering large flue smoke comprises a steam pocket, a ring cooling machine low-temperature area waste heat recycling device, a sintering large flue waste heat recycling device and a steam power generation device. A water outlet of the ring cooling machine low-temperature area waste heat recycling device communicates with a water inlet of the steam pocket. A water outlet of the steam pocket communicates with a water inlet of the sintering large flue waste heat recycling device. A steam water outlet of the sintering large flue waste heat recycling device communicates with a steam water inlet of the steam pocket. A steam outlet of the steam pocket communicates with a steam inlet of the steam power generation device. A water outlet of the steam power generation device communicates with a water inlet of the ring cooling machine low-temperature area waste heat recycling device. The comprehensive utilization system of the waste heat of the ring cooling machine low-temperature exhaust gas and the sintering large flue smoke recycles the waste heat of sintering high-temperature smoke of a sintering machine and waste heat of low-temperature exhaust gas at the temperature of 100-150 DEG C of a III area of a ring cooling machine, a heating surface is reasonably arranged according to the second law of thermodynamics, stairstep recycling of the waste heat of the smoke is achieved, and the recycling amount of the waste heat is improved to the greatest extent.