43results about "Aluminium halides" patented technology

The present invention provides a lithium-containing composite oxide for a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery, which has a large volume capacity density and high safety, and excellent durability for charge and discharge cycles and charge and discharge rate property, and its production method.

The lithium-containing composite oxide is represented by the general formula Li_pN_xM_yO_zF_a (where N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn and Ni, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Sn, alkaline earth metal elements and transition metal elements other than Co, Mn and Ni, 0.9≦p≦1.2, 0.965≦x<2.00, 0<y≦0.035, 1.9≦z≦4.2, and 0≦a≦0.05), wherein when a powder of the lithium-containing composite oxide is classified into small particles with an average particle size of 2 μm≦Ds₅₀≦8 μm and large particles with an average particle size of 10 μm≦Dl₅₀≦25 μm, a content of the small particles is from 15 to 40% by weight and a content of the large particles is from 60 to 85% by weight, and 0.01≦ys≦0.06, 0≦yl≦0.02 and 0≦yl/ys<1, where (ys) is a ratio of the M element in the above general formula in the small particles and (yl) is a ratio of the M element in the general formula in the Large particles.

Disclosed is a clean method for preparing layered double hydroxides (LDHs), in which hydroxides of different metals are used as starting materials for production of LDHs by atom-economical reactions. The atom efficiency of the reaction is 100% in each case because all the atoms of the reactants are converted into the target product since only M²⁺(OH)₂, M³⁺(OH)₃, and CO₂ or H_nAⁿ⁻ are used, without any NaOH or other materials. Since there is no by-product, filtration or washing process is unnecessary. The consequent reduction in water consumption is also beneficial to the environment.

A method for preparation of iodizing agent for the use in the formulation of iodised salt that offers excellent stability of iodine in iodised salt is developed and the unrefined salt iodised with this compound was tested for its stability in presence of moisture, temperature and metal salts at higher temperature. The hydrotalcite type layered compound was used to prepare such compound and part of carbonate was substituted with iodate anion. The iodising agent exhibited excellent stability of iodine in iodised salt.

The invention provides methods and apparatuses for removing carbon dioxide from a gas stream. In particular, the invention provides methods and apparatuses for absorbing carbon dioxide from a coal-fired boiler flue gas stream using an absorbing solution and for regeneration of an alkaline component used in the absorbing solution. In one embodiment, the invention provides a method for removing carbon dioxide from a gas stream by contacting a gas stream containing carbon dioxide with an alkaline liquid stream; absorbing at least a portion of the carbon dioxide into the alkaline liquid stream to produce absorbed carbon dioxide; and catalyzing a reaction of the absorbed carbon dioxide to a form of carbonate. In other embodiments, the invention provides a method for producing salable calcium carbonate, calcium chloride, and carbon dioxide gas.

A method for producing halide brine wherein an alkali and a reducing agent are added to an aqueous fluid having a density greater than 8.30 lb/gal., (0.996 kg/L) water, waste water or sea water for example. The resulting fluid is then contacted with a halogen to form a halide brine. The reaction occurs in a conventional reactor such as a mixing tank.

The invention belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization of a low-grade bauxite or kaolin (siallitic soil) raw material, and in particular relates to processes such as wet-method alkalinizing calcination, separation of aluminum and silicon compounds and the like. The process comprises the following steps: mixing the ground siallitic soil raw material with a proper amount of strong alkali and water, drying and performing calcined activation; grinding the calcined material, and then adding the ground material and a proper amount of water into a reaction tank (reaction kettle) so as to bedissolved into NaAlO2 and Na2SiO3 solutions as well as a small amount of solid at a proper temperature within a period of time; filtering, separating and adjusting the pH value so as to separate out Al(OH)3 and H2SiO3; and filtering and adjusting the pH value once again so as to separate out AlCl3 and H2SiO3, wherein, the AlCl3 is used for synthesizing aluminium polychloride and the H2SiO3 is used for producing white carbon black. The process provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that the dissolution efficiency of the raw material can be obviously improved, the whiteness and yield of the aluminium polychloride are increased, the high-value white carbon black can be produced, and the heat consumption is lowered, thus achieving great economical and environmental benefits.

A method for producing uranium oxide includes combining uranium oxyfluoride and a solid oxidizing agent having a lower thermodynamic stability than the uranium oxide after "oxide"; heating the combination below the vapor point of the uranium oxyfluoride to sufficiently react the uranium oxyfluoride and the oxidizing agent to produce uranium oxide and a non-radioactive fluorine compound; and removing the fluorine compound after "compound".

As population density increases, the transportation of hazardous chemicals, including acids and disinfectants, lead to an increased incidence of spills while the consequences of spills become more serious. While solutions of halide acids, hypohalites and halites are safer disinfectants for transportation, handling, storage and use than traditional gaseous chlorine, the manufacturing cost of these disinfectants has here-to-fore limited their use. Economical processes are presented for the manufacture of O₂, halogen oxides, halide acids, hypohalites, and halates; as well as polynucleate metal compounds, metal hydroxides and calcium sulfate hydrate (gypsum). The instant invention presents methods and processes that incorporate the use of sulfur. This is while environmental regulators, such as the US EPA, require an increased removal of sulfur from hydrocarbon fuels, thereby creating an abundance of sulfur, such that the refining industry is in need of a way to dispose of said abundance of sulfur.

The present invention provides methods for treating or preventing diseases and disorders caused by iron-dependent pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and parasites, by applying a gallium compound to an affected area. In particular, the present invention provides methods for treating or preventing dental caries, vaginal infections, skin infections, and so forth. Gallium compounds can be formulated as toothpaste, mouthwash, cream, ointment, gel, solution, eye drops, suppository, and the like. Furthermore, the invention provides methods for controlling microbial growth on environmental surfaces, including those of toothbrush, denture, dental retainer, contact lens, catheter, food stuff, and so forth. In addition, the present invention provides animal feeds which contain gallium compounds that promote the animal growth and prevent the animals from infections as well as protect consumers from post processing infections.

The present invention provides a method for producing polycrystalline silicon. The method for producing polycrystalline silicon comprises the steps of (A), (B), and (C),

• (A) reducing a chlorosilane represented by the formula (1) with a metal at a temperature Ti to obtain a silicon compound;

SiH_nCl_4-n  (1)

wherein n is an integer of 0 to 3,

• (B) transferring the silicon compound to a zone having a temperature T2, wherein T1>T2; and
• (C) depositing polycrystalline silicon in the zone having a temperature T2,

wherein the temperature T1 is not less than 1.29 times of a melting point (Kelvin unit) of the metal, and the temperature T2 is higher than a sublimation point or boiling point of the chloride of the metal.

The invention relates to a high-efficiency synthetic method of a nanometer aluminum particle. Products can be used for manufacturing thin film solar cell materials in order to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency; the products can also be used for solid rocket fuel push agent. The invention belongs to the field of preparing novel functional materials. The nanometer aluminum particle regards a hyperbranched polymer as solvent, reducing agent and dispersing agent. After the hyperbranched polymer is contacted with trivalent aluminum ion, a spontaneous reduction reaction happens in the aqueous solution and a core-shell structure material is generated. An outer sphere of the core-shell structure material is an overrunning compound, and an inner sphere of the core-shell structure material is the nanometer aluminum particle. When a reaction system is placed in a strong magnetic field generator to be used for controlling the strength and the action time of the magnetic field, the reduction reaction efficiency and the product productivity can be improved by various degrees.

The present invention is drawn to a method for removing colloidal titanium dioxide and titanium oxychloride from by-product hydrochloric acid. The method includes adding phosphate ion source and quaternary amine to the by-product acid to cause the titanium dioxide and the titanium oxychloride to form a precipitate. The precipitate can then be separated from the acid, thus producing a decontaminated hydrochloric acid product with reduced levels of titanium.