The invention discloses a supporting device for civil bridge construction, and relates to the technical field of civil construction. The supporting device includes a column pile, a retaining plate, amain diagonal brace and an auxiliary diagonal brace. The retaining plate is fixedly installed on one side of the column pile, the main diagonal brace is installed on the other side of the column pile,the auxiliary diagonal brace is rotatably installed at the bottom end of the main diagonal brace, and the tail end of the auxiliary diagonal brace and the bottom end of the main diagonal brace are both equipped with collars. When the supporting device is used as an inclined rod support, the main diagonal brace is in contact with the bottom surface of a foundation pit, a supporting pile is inserted into the collar at the bottom end of the main diagonal brace, the auxiliary diagonal brace abuts against the column pile, and the column pile is not prone to deformation and inclination under the action of three support points; and when the supporting device is used as an anchor support, the main diagonal brace is rotated to the ground outside the foundation pit, the auxiliary diagonal brace isin contact with the ground, the supporting pile is inserted into the collar at the tail end of the auxiliary diagonal brace, and the column pile is pulled. The supporting device can achieve switchingbetween the inclined rod support and the anchor support to meet site requirements, construction units are prevented from preparing different forms of support equipment in advance, and a large amount of cost is saved.