The invention discloses a test and diagnosis device for an 
electric control system of a hydraulic 
retarder. The test and diagnosis device comprises a central 
processing module, a man-
machine interface module, an interface module, a 
signal selection module and a CAN (controller 
area network) communication module, wherein the 
signal selection module is connected with the interface module, the CAN communication module and the central 
processing module; the interface module and the CAN communication module are both connected with the central 
processing module; the central processing module is connected with the man-
machine interface module; the 
signal selection module is connected with 
peripheral devices of a whole-vehicle 
system and an electronic control device of the hydraulic 
retarder; and the 
peripheral devices of the whole-vehicle 
system comprise a vehicle signal instruction device, a vehicle signal indication device, a 
CAN bus, a 
peripheral device executor, a peripheral device instruction device, a peripheral device indication device and a peripheral 
device sensor. The test and diagnosis device can be used for manually or automatically testing the 
electric control system of the hydraulic 
retarder, and has the characteristics of accurate 
data acquisition and calculation, small error, simplified operation and manpower saving.