The invention discloses an identity verification method based on a mobile phone acceleration sensor. The method includes the following steps that firstly, a user writes a track with a mobile phone according to his habit, and a mobile phone acceleration sensor collects an acceleration value of the track; secondly, preprocessing is carried out on collected original acceleration data; thirdly feature extraction based on wavelet decomposition is carried out on the preprocessed data, and feature vectors are constructed; in the training stage, the data are collected, preprocessing and feature extraction are carried out, and the feature vectors are combined to form a set, an SVM is used for training a classifier model; in the identity verification stage, the user writes a gesture track to be verified, data are collected and are subjected to preprocessing and feature extraction, finally a track feature vector is added to an SVM model for verification, and whether the user is a legal user or not is judged. According to the method, identity verification of a mobile phone end does not need other external equipment, the mobile phone is effectively prevented from being stolen due to the fact that the gesture of each person is unique, and interaction is simple.