77results about How to "Large intensity" patented technology

A method of performing bilateral filtering and using the method for displaying high-dynamic-range images is presented. The method reduces the contrast of the image while preserving detail of the image. The presently disclosed method incorporates a two-scale decomposition of the image into a base layer encoding large-scale variations, and a detail layer. The base layer has its contrast reduced, thereby preserving detail. The base layer is obtained using an edge-preserving bilateral filter. The bilateral filter is a non-linear filter, where the weight of each pixel is computed using a Gaussian in the spatial domain multiplied by an influence function in the intensity domain that decreases the weight of pixels with large intensity differences. The bilateral filtering is accelerated by using a piecewise-linear approximation in the intensity domain and appropriate subsampling.

An additive layer manufacture (ALM) machine generates a first electron beam for selectively melting a layer of metal powder, and a second electron beam for detecting defects in the selectively melted layer once it has solidified. The second electron beam has a lower power than the first electron beam so as to be used to identify any defects without performing further melting. If any defects are detected, they can be removed, for example by re-melting, before the next layer of powder is supplied. The process may be repeated to generate a finished component with good mechanical properties.

The present invention relates to a subminiature bone conduction speaker by using a vibrating plate and a mobile phone having the subminiature bone conduction speaker. A subminiature bone conduction speaker using a vibrating plate according to the present invention comprises a body having a shape of a cylinder of which upper portion is opened; yoke which is disposed in a lower portion of the body and of which center has a protrusion; a ring type magnet which is formed on the edge of the yoke and apart from an end portion of the protrusion by a predetermined clearance; an upper plate which is formed on the magnet; a mastoid which is contacted to bone conduction of a user and by which vibration is transmitted to the user; an acoustic vibrating plate which is inserted at a lower side of the mastoid to cover the opening portion of the body and which is made of an elastic material; an auxiliary vibrating plate which is inserted under the acoustic vibrating plate which is inserted to the mastoid; a voice coil which is attached to the auxiliary vibrating plate and which is inserted between the end portion of the protrusion of the yoke and the ring type magnet; a front cap for fixing the acoustic vibrating plate on the body; and a electrical signal input unit for inputting an electric signal to the voice coil.

A radiation source is disclosed comprising a source of charged particles that travel along a path. Target material lies along the path to generate radiation upon impact by the beam. A magnet is provided to deflect the beam prior to impacting the target. The magnet may generate a time-varying magnetic field or a constant magnetic field. A constant magnetic field may be varied spatially across the beam. The magnet may be an electromagnet or a permanent magnet. In one example, deflection of the beam results in impact of the beam on the target along a plurality of axes. In another example, portions of the beam are differentially deflected. The source may thereby irradiate an object to be scanned with more uniform radiation. The charged particles may be electrons or protons and the radiation may be X-ray or gamma ray radiation, or neutrons. Scanning systems incorporating such sources, methods of generating radiation and methods of examining objects are disclosed, as well.

Described is a structural body including at least partially an aluminum member having on a surface an anodized film with micropores present, in which: the micropores have a coefficient of variation in pore size of 5 to 50%; and the micropores are each sealed with a metal. The structural body can generate localized plasmon resonance having a sufficiently large intensity and be produced at low cost through a simple production process, and having a large surface area.

A semiconductor light-emitting device includes a substrate having two main surfaces; and an active layer forming part, which is made of a compound semiconductor material, formed on one of the main surfaces, and includes an active layer. A plurality of holes, which pass through the active layer, are formed from the upper surface of the active layer forming part; a plurality of hollow parts, each of which corresponds to each hole, are provided between the active layer and the substrate; and the area of each hollow part is larger than that of the corresponding hole in plan view, and spreads on the lower surface of the active layer forming part, so as to expose a part of the lower surface of the active layer forming part, which overlaps the hollow part in plan view.

Many speakers, especially small speakers are susceptible to distortion if too much power is applied in certain vulnerable frequency bands. The distortion can be prevented by applying equalization to the audio signal driving the speaker. An equalizer can be configured to suppress the audio signal in the vulnerable frequency bands. The equalizer monitors the power in the vulnerable frequency bands and suppresses those vulnerable frequency bands only when they have sufficient power to distort. In this fashion, undesired audio effects due to the equalization can be avoided.

The invention relates to methods and corresponding arrays especially suited to correct for signal errors due to variations in sample preparation. Methods and compositions for performing quantitative array-based assays are provided. In the subject methods, both a reporter and an analyte is employed, where the reporter is characterized by binding selectively to an internal reference present on the array, i.e. at least a subset of, if not all of, the spots present on the array employed in the method contain an internal reference which can be bound by reporter.

To eliminate the necessity of a dedicated optical system and the flowing of fluorescent microparticles for aligning excitation light with a flat plate-shaped flow cell which internally includes a flow path, a microorganism testing apparatus includes: a first detector that detects fluorescence emitted from microorganisms flowing through a detection flow path when a microorganism detection unit included in a microorganism testing chip is irradiated with excitation light, and converts the fluorescence to an electrical signal; and a second detector that detects scattered light similarly emitted from the microorganisms flowing through the detection flow path, and converts the scattered light to an electrical signal. The alignment of the detection flow path is performed in the direction of the optical axis of the excitation light by controlling and moving a stage having the microorganism testing chip mounted thereon based on the intensity of fluorescence detected by the first detector.

Substrates are provided for use in the detection, identification and analysis of biologic or chemical samples that are labeled with a fluorescent label, in which the plane of maximum fluorescence is displaced from a reflective substrate surface so that the intensity maximum of the standing wave interference pattern of incident and reflected probe radiation is enhanced. The format of the substrates includes substantially planar surfaces as well as substrates with introduced variations to the substrate surface, e.g., depressions, wells, pedestals and the like, disposed in arrays or other similar structures such that one or more fluorophore-comprising objects can be attached thereto.

A laser system for medical and cosmetic applications has an optical delivery system for guiding a laser beam to a target surface, wherein the optical delivery system has an external optical element facing toward the target surface. A mechanical filter in the form of a protective screen for shielding the external optical element from particles ejected away from the target surface by the laser beam is arranged at an exit side of the external optical element. The protective screen has structural elements that delimit screen openings. The laser system has spacers that maintain a spacing of the protective screen relative to the target surface.

An electrical conductor for transmission of electrical power, having a total cross-section equal to or above 10 mm² and comprising a plurality of stranded filamentary members, where at least one of the filamentary members is made from microalloyed copper or microalloyed aluminium having annealing temperatures higher than 250° C., and has the side surface thereof totally coated with a fluorinated polymer. The conductor has a better behavior relative to the skin effect and allows operation at high temperatures. Furthermore, if the electrical conductor is suspended, it has a smaller sag and prevents or reduces the accumulation of ice and/or snow.

A squarylium dye represented by formula (1):

wherein A₁ and B₁ each independently represents a ring structure, and R₁ and R₂ each independently represents a substituent having a carbon number of 1 to 12.

A nitride-based semiconductor laser device includes a front facet located on a forward end of an optical waveguide and formed by a substantially (000-1) plane of a nitride-based semiconductor layer and a rear facet located on a rear end of the optical waveguide and formed by a substantially (0001) plane of the nitride-based semiconductor layer, wherein an intensity of a laser beam emitted from the front facet is rendered larger than an intensity of a laser beam emitted from the rear facet.

The present invention intends to provide a surface-emitting laser light source capable of generating a linearly polarized laser light having a single-lobed beam profile that takes the largest intensity value in its central area. A two-dimensional photonic crystal consisting of a plate member 31 with holes 311 or 312 arranged in a square lattice pattern is provided on one side of an active layer 23. The hole 311 or 312 is designed so that its plane shape on the emission side (plane “B”) is smaller than that on the active layer side (plane “C”). The center of gravity of the shape on plane “B” is displaced from that of the shape on plane “C” in the in-plane direction. This design lowers the degree of the in-plane symmetry of the two-dimensional photonic crystal, so that a linearly polarized laser light having a single lobe is obtained.

An active matrix display panel comprises a substrate, an array of pixel circuits being arranged in a matrix of at least one column and a plurality of rows on the substrate, each pixel circuit comprising a light-emitting element, capable of emitting light of an intensity determined by the value of a current passed through it, and at least one column line, each column line arranged to conduct a reference current, provided by a current driving circuit, when connected to the panel. The pixel circuits in a column are divided into a plurality of groups of at least one pixel circuit. The active matrix display panel comprises at least one current mirror circuit associated with a first group, comprising a first current mirror, arranged to mirror a reference current flowing through a column line to a first current mirror output. Each pixel circuit in the first group comprises at least a first current-memory stage, having an output terminal connected to the light-emitting element, wherein the first current-memory stage is capable of drawing a current determined at least partly by the current mirrored to the first current mirror output through the output terminal. Each current mirror circuit comprises at least one additional current mirror, arranged to mirror a reference current flowing through an associated column line to an additional current mirror output, wherein each additional current mirror output is connected in parallel to the first current mirror output.

The present invention discloses a short-gate tunneling field effect transistor having a non-uniformly doped vertical channel and a fabrication method thereof. The short-gate tunneling field effect transistor has a vertical channel and the channel region is doped in such a slowly-varied and non-uniform manner that a doping concentration in the channel region appears a Gaussian distribution along a vertical direction and the doping concentration in the channel near the drain region is higher while the doping concentration in the channel near the source region is lower; and double control gates are formed at both sides of the vertical channel and the control gates form an L-shaped short-gate structure, so that a gate underlapped region is formed in the channel near the drain region, and a gate overlapped region is formed at the source region. As compared with a conventional TFET, the short-gate tunneling field effect transistor according to the present invention can effectively suppress the impact of the electrical field at the drain region on the tunneling width of the tunneling junction at the source region; the super exponential relationship between the output tunneling current and the drain voltage is weakened; and the output characteristic of the transistor is significantly improved. Meanwhile, the tunneling field effect transistor is beneficial to increase the on-current of the transistor and to gain a steeper sub-threshold slope.

An X-ray optical system for small angle scattering has a parabolic multilayer mirror and, so that switching to other X-ray incident optical systems for X-ray analysis can be easily performed. A parabolic multilayer mirror, an optical-path selecting slit device, a small-angle selecting slit device and a Soller slit are arranged between an X-ray source and a specimen-side slit. An X-ray beam having passed through the first aperture of an aperture slit plate is interrupted by the optical-path selecting slit. An X-ray beam having passed through the second aperture of the aperture slit plate is reflected at the reflecting surface of the multilayer mirror to become a parallel beam. This parallel beam passes through an aperture of the optical-path selecting slit device. The beam width is restricted by a narrow slit of the small-angle selecting slit device.

The invention relates to a lighting apparatus comprising a laser (102) for emitting a first laser beam (103) and a diffractive reflective element (104). The first laser beam (103) is reflected by the diffractive reflective element (104) for generating a second laser beam (105) being the reflected first laser beam, wherein the diffractive reflective element (104) is adapted such that the effective surface area of the second laser beam (105) is larger than the effective surface area of the first laser beam (103). The second laser beam is supposed to be pointed directly or indirectly to the eyes of a person. Since the diffractive reflective element increases the effective surface area and is used in a reflective mode, i.e. the first laser beam will generally not directly meet the eye of the person, if the diffractive reflective element is damaged or displaced, the risk of eye damages can be reduced.