The invention discloses a drive system for change of pitch of a helicopter tail rotor and a helicopter. The drive system comprises a tail rotor shaft and a pitch change mechanism, wherein the pitch change mechanism comprises a pitch change disc, a pitch change sleeve and a drive assembly, a drive rod is arranged on the pitch change disc, the drive assembly comprises a steering engine, a pull rod and a pitch change rocker, the steering engine is fixed on a tail rotor support, an output end of the steering engine is located in the tail rotor support, one end of the pull rod extends into the tailrotor support and is hinged with the steering engine rocker, the other end extends out of the tail rotor support and is hinged with one end of the pitch change rocker, and the other end of the pitchchange rocker is hinged with the pitch change sleeve. The steering engine drives the pull rod to move up and down so as to drive the pitch change rocker to move with the pull rod, the pitch change rocker drives the pitch change sleeve to slide axially, so that the pitch change sleeve drives the pitch change disc to slide axially, the pitch change disc drives a tail rotor paddle assembly to rotate,and the pitch of the tail rotor is changed. Meanwhile, by arrangement of the pitch change disc, torque transfer of the tail rotor shaft is realized, and the service life of bearings and other parts is prolonged.