The invention discloses a constant-speed water supply pump pressure regulating device and an operation method. The device comprises a water supply pipeline, a starting water supply pipeline and a deaerator, wherein the deaerator is arranged at the starting ends of the water supply pipeline and the starting water supply pipeline, high-pressure heaters III are arranged at the tail ends of the watersupply pipeline and the starting water supply pipeline, a first electric gate valve, a steam-driven water feeding pump booster pump, a steam-driven water feeding pump, a first pressure transmitter, afirst temperature transmitter and a second electric gate valve are sequentially arranged on the water supply pipeline in the medium flow direction, and a third electric gate valve, an electric constant-speed water feeding pump, a second pressure transmitter, a second temperature transmitter, a fourth electric gate valve and a first pneumatic control valve are sequentially arranged on the startingwater supply pipeline in the medium flow direction. According to the device, the problem that the lift of an electric constant-speed pump is too high can be solved, the pressure of the starting watersupply pipeline can be adjusted, the pressure of a main water supply pipeline can be adjusted, the steam-driven water supply pump can be smoothly connected to a grid, and normal operation of a power plant is not affected.