The invention discloses a real-time crop monitoring system. The system comprises a data acquisition system, a data transmission system and an analysis control system, the data acquisition system comprises a soil humidity sensor, a soil nutrient analyzer, a weather monitoring station, an insect situation analysis and forecasting lamp, a fixed spore capture instrument, a seedling situation and disaster situation monitoring camera and a water and fertilizer all-in-one machine; the data transmission system is a GPRS mobile wireless network, and the analysis control system is ARM upper computer monitoring software and comprises a basic information management module, a system parameter setting module, a real-time data monitoring module, a control module, a data dynamic analysis module and an abnormity early warning module. Real-time monitoring and timing analysis can be carried out on an agricultural system, positive response is achieved, the working efficiency is improved, and the labor cost is reduced.