The invention discloses an MBBR (Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor) sewage treatment system and a treatment process and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. The problems in the prior art thata treatment process of the traditional sewage treatment plant is long in procedure, low in integration level, low in load, high in carbon source requirement and common in effect of removing nitrogen,phosphorus and SS are solved. The sewage treatment system comprises an anaerobic zone, an anoxic zone I, an anoxic zone II, a flocculation zone, a settling zone, a biofilm zone, an effluent zone and pipelines for connecting the zones. According to operations of adjusting reflux, controlling the sludge concentration, setting parameters of the suspended carrier filling rate in the biofilm zone and DO, setting the membrane flux of a membrane assembly in the effluent zone and aeration density and the like, by utilizing the characteristic of denitrifying phosphate-accumulating organisms, the settling zone is arranged on a middle section of biochemical treatment, the biofilm process is coupled to the denitrification filter process, and the sewage treatment system disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being high in integration level, capable of synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus and saving the carbon source, low in concentration of the nitrogen, phosphorus and SS in theeffluent, high in load and long in equipment service life.