The invention relates to a continuous shrimp aquaculture system, which comprises a first-stage aquaculture pool, a second-stage aquaculture pool, a third-stage aquaculture pool, a fourth-stage aquaculture pool, a fifth-stage aquaculture pool, a sixth-stage aquaculture pool, a transfer pipeline, a gate pipe, a water inlet pipe and a water discharge pipe, wherein the volume of the next stage of aquaculture pool is double of the former stage of aquaculture pool, and a fall difference exists between the bottom of the next stage of aquaculture pool and the bottom of the former stage of aquaculture pool. The continuous shrimp aquaculture system has the beneficial effects that the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the adaptation proportion of shrimp growth individuals and water bodies is fully considered, the waste of aquaculture water bodies is avoided, constant temperature, circulation water, high intensity and small water bodies are adopted, the water body quality is easy to control, the continuous shrimp aquaculture system is applicable to large-scale industrial aquaculture, the shrimp aquaculture number in the unit water body can be greatly increased, and a multistage multiple aquaculture mode is adopted, the output time of adult shrimps can be greatly shortened, the idle time of equipment is reduced, and the utilization rate of the equipment is improved. The production efficiency is greatly improved, and is improved by 3 to 5 times through being compared with the outer pond aquaculture efficiency.