The present invention discloses a medicine and a preparation method for preventing and treating kidney essence deficiency. The medicine provided by the present invention has the efficacy of nourishing yin and tonifying yang, nourishing the kidney and strengthening the essence. The present invention can prevent and cure various diseases caused by kidney essence deficiency, such as growth retardation in children, oligospermia and sterility in male, less menstruation and amenorrhea in female, sexual deficiency, adult presenility, alopecia and loose teeth, dim eyesight and ear ringing, amnesia, foot atrophic debility, sexual hypofunction and osteoporosis. The present invention includes the following raw materials: prepared rehmannia root, yam, asiatic cornelian cherry fruit, barbary wolfberry fruit, dodder seed, deerhorn glue, tortoise-shell glue, ginseng, Chinese angelica, scurfy pea, eucommia, pachyma cocos, cassia bark, dried citrus peel and amomum villosum. According to the properties of each Chinese medicine, all raw materials are made into condensed water-paste pills, condensed water-honeyed pills or capsules through procedures of air drying, freeze drying and grinding, decocting and extracting, decompressed drying and grinding and disinfecting, which pertains to the art of Chinese medicine. The present invention has the advantages of scientific production method, no change of effective ingredients and significant prevention and cure effect.