The invention discloses a detection device for the cross-hatch angle measurement of a cylinder hole of a cylinder body, and the detection device comprises a baseplate, two positioning pins and a transparent membrane, wherein the two positioning pins and the transparent membrane are arranged on the baseplate, the lower bottom surface of the baseplate is horizontally arranged, the baseplate comprises a middle plate and ear plates, the ear plates are located on both sides of the middle plate and respectively used for installing the two positioning pins, the inside contour curve of the middle plate is corresponding to the contour curve of the cylinder hole, the transparent membrane is adhered to the inner side of the middle plate, a qualified area for comparison is arranged on the transparent membrane, and the two positioning pins are tangent to the excircle of the transparent membrane. According to the invention, based on a six-point positioning principle, the baseplate is adhered to the top surface of the cylinder body, and three points are positioned per plane, the two positioning pins are adhered to the cylinder hole and two points are positioned, so that the detection device has only one degree of freedom, and the transparent membrane is always adhered to the inner wall of the cylinder hole, thereby ensuring that the superposition situation among the qualified area on the transparent membrane and cross-hatches of the cylinder hole can be clearly observed in the process of measurement, in such a way, whether a cross-hatch included angle is qualified can be judged quickly and efficiently.