113 results about "Embryonic growth?" patented technology

The present invention relates to methods for modulating progestagen signaling for treating neurological disorders or neurodegenerative disease, or preventing or delaying its onset in individuals deemed by competent observation and testing to be susceptible thereto. Progestagens can be administered to elevate serum and brain levels of progestagens and induce neurogenesis. Progestagen therapy may prevent some of the neurodegenerative and cognitive changes associated with developmental and aging associated neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Progestagen therapy together with suppression of GnRH, kisspeptin, LH and/or FSH signaling also may be used for treating neurological disorders or neurodegenerative diseases. The invention also relates to methods for inhibiting or delaying blastulation during embryogenesis, and neurogenesis during embryogenesis, fetal, neonatal, childhood, puberty or adult life. Blocking progestagen, estrogen and/or opioid signaling with receptor antagonists will inhibit neurogenesis. The invention also relates to using progestagens in vitro to induce neurogenesis in embryonic or adult stem cells.

An improved method of nuclear transfer involving the transplantation of differentiated donor cell nuclei into enucleated oocytes of a species different from the donor cell is provided. The resultant nuclear transfer units are useful for the production of isogenic embryonic stem cells, in particular human isogenic embryonic or stem cells. These embryonic or stem-like cells are useful for producing desired differentiated cells and for introduction, removal or modification, of desired genes, e.g., at specific sites of the genome of such cells by homologous recombination. These cells, which may contain a heterologous gene, are especially useful in cell transplantation therapies and for in vitro study of cell differentiation. Also, methods for improving nuclear transfer efficiency by genetically altering donor cells to inhibit apoptosis, select for a specific cell cycle and/or enhance embryonic growth and development are provided.

Embryogenesis from plant microspores is routinely induced with a 16-24 h temperature treatment of 32.5° C. Continuous culture at 25° C. results in pollen development. However, microspore treatment with anti-cytoskeletal agents, or protein synthesis inhibitors, at the non-inductive temperature of 25° C., can induce embryogenesis, thus demonstrating that heat shock is not required for embryogenic induction. Furthermore, when anti-microtubule agents (e.g. colchicine) are used, embryo induction and chromosome doubling occur simultaneously, thus generating doubled haploids, whereas heat induction generates haploids. Thus, the use of microtubule inhibitors will provide a simple one-step process to simultaneously induce embryogenesis and chromosome doubling for the production of fertile plants, thus providing minimal manipulation which will be very advantageous for genetic studies and plant breeding programs. As noted, heat shock induces haploids. A low level of chromosome doubling can be obtained by adding colchicine to microspore cultures during the heat treatment. However, the use of trifluralin with the heat treatment, to generate doubled haploid plants results in an improved recovery of fertile doubled haploid plants than previously shown in the prior art.

Methods for the regeneration of cotton plants are disclosed. The use of novel compositions of media, media additives and new growth conditions during stages of development results in increased frequencies of embryogenesis, embryo maturation and embryo germination. The improved process results in higher production frequencies of transformed cotton plants.

A method for somatic cell embryo generation and plant regeneration of a hybrid of a slash pine and a Caribbean pine is characterized in that the invention relates to a method which adopts a immature zygotic embryos of the hybrid of the slash pine and the Caribbean pine to carry out somatic cell embryo generation and plant regeneration and uses liquid and slide improved P6 mediums to alternatively combine for adjustment and control culture during the process of the somatic cell embryo generation and plant regeneration for a plurality of times and is appended with proper auxin combination. The invention provides a packaged technology for fast breeding the hybrid seedlings of the slash pine and the Caribbean pine industrializedly and can solve the current problem of short supply of the seedlings during the hybrid afforestation of the slash pin and the Caribbean pine.

The invention discloses a pinus thunbergii cell embryogenesis and plant regeneration method. Embryogenic calluses are induced from immature zygotic embryos; the embryogenic calluses are maintained, proliferated and matured to obtain somatic embryos; the somatic embryos are germinated to obtain regenerated plants; and finally the regenerated plants are transplanted. Due to the adoption of the pinus thunbergii cell embryogenesis and plant regeneration method, high reproduction rate of the pinus thunbergii plant is achived. After the embryogenic calluses are cultured for 70 days in a maturing culturing medium, 144-216 mature somatic embryos can be obtained in each culture utensil on average; the somatic embryo germination rate is 63.8%; and the plant transformation rate is 43.5%. Therefore, a large number of somatic embryo seedlings can be obtained every year, thus a foundation is laid for the pinus thunbergii cell embryogenesis and the regenerated plant bath production, and the current problem of afforestation seedling shortage is solved. The pinus thunbergii cell embryogenesis and plant regeneration method has very good practicality.

The present invention relates generally to the field of diagnostic and prognostic assays such as diagnostic assays for conditions associated with telomerase activity. More particularly, the present invention provides an assay for measuring telomerase activity as an indicator of cancer, an inflammatory disorder and/or a condition involving embryogenesis and/or requiring stem cell proliferation and agents and kits useful for same. Automated and partially automated assays permitting high throughput screening also form part of the present invention. The subject invention further contemplates methods of treatment using agents identified by the subject assay or where treatment protocols are monitored by the assay.

Late embryogenesis abundant (Lea) proteins accumulate in maturing seeds after many of the storage compounds have been synthesized, and they are considered relevant to maturation. We report here the molecular organization and expression of BnLea3-1, a novel Group 3 Lea gene from Brassica napus. BnLea3-1 contains a coding region of 798 bp, sharing 84.4% homology at the amino acid level with Lea76 of B. napus. Two tandem 11-mer repeats are truncated from the coding region of BnLea3-1, compared to the 13 conserved 11-mer repeats of Lea76. Substitutions of consensus residues are found at various positions within the 11-mer repeats. A 1561 bp 5′ flanking promoter fragment of BnLea3-1 fused to E. coli-glucuronidase (GUS) coding region conferred seed-specific GUS expression in stable transgenics of B. napus, tobacco and in transiently-transformed pea. A −137 bp minimal promoter preceding the first transcription start site, identified through progressive deletions from the upstream was sufficient for basal GUS expression in the seeds and in leaves treated with ABA. Deletion studies indicate the presence of enhancing elements located between −137 bp to −742 bp and suppressing elements located between −742 and −1561 bp. BnLea3-1 expression in seeds precedes that of Lea76. Unlike other Group 3 Lea members including HVA1 and Dc3, BnLea3-1 is active in seeds and responsive weakly in vegetative tissues to ABA and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) but not to stress treatments. Possible functions of BnLea3-1 and another member of the Group 3 Lea family BnLea3-2 in embryo development is discussed.

A process is provided for inducing direct somatic embryogenesis in Pooideae and rapidly regenerating fertile plants by first culturing isolated immature scutella cells in culture medium comprising auxin, cytokinin and polyamine in amounts effective to cause direct formation of primary embryos without an intervening callus stage, at least until at least one primary embryo reaches the globular developmental stage, the auxin being present in greater proportion than cytokinin. A second step includes either a) culturing the primary embryos under conditions to regenerate plantlets, and culturing the primary embryos in regeneration medium; or b) culturing the primary embryos at the globular developmental stage and no longer than the coleoptilar stage in culture medium comprising auxin, cytokinin, and polyamine in amounts effective to cause induction of secondary embryo formation, at least until secondary embryogenesis is detected, the cytokinin being present in greater proportion than auxin, and culturing the secondary embryos under conditions to regenerate plantlets.

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant tissue and cell culture, and in particular relates to a plant regeneration method by using leaves of Chinese rose as explants through a somatic cell embryogenesis path. The method comprises the following three culture stages: (1) culturing the Chinese rose explants on an induction medium, and directly inducing somatic embryos from the explants, wherein the explants are wrapped leaves of Chinese rose respectively; (2) inoculating the inoculate on a propagation culture medium for propagation and accelerating further differentiation thereof; and (3) inoculating the somatic embryos subjected to propagation culture to a somatic embryo seedling culture medium and a rooting culture medium and regenerating complete plants. The method has the advantages of wide sources of explants, convenient material selection and the like. The prepared somatic embryos are agrobacterium-mediated excellent receptors through genetic transformation and can be used for research on genetic transformation of the Chinese rose. The invention also relates to components of culture media for the method.

The invention relates to a research method for American ginseng hairy root induction and plant regeneration, belonging to the field of crop biotechnologies. The method comprises the steps of (1) treating an explant; (2) preserving, activating and culturing a strain; (3) optimizing conditions for American ginseng hairy root induction; (4) obtaining and identifying American ginseng hairy roots; (5) determining the liquid culture growth and total saponin content of the American ginseng hairy roots; (6) establishing a regeneration system of the American ginseng hairy roots and performing condition optimization. According to the method, the American ginseng hairy roots are used as a material to induce a regenerated plant in an embryogenesis way, so that a new direction for breeding of American ginseng is opened up. By adopting Ri plasmids, an exogenous gene can be guided in more simply and conveniently; besides, the regenerated plant obtained from hairy roods is a transgenic plant to ensure that the transgenic plant has a characteristic of rooting very easily, so that the difficult problems of difficult root differentiation, or weak growing ability and small amount of formed roots in plant regeneration can be well solved.

The invention provides a method for directionally screening a salt-tolerant body through peanut in vitro mutagenesis. The method mainly comprises the following steps: sterilizing the surface of peanut embryo; separating a leaflet, inoculating into a somatic embryo induction and mutagenesis medium added with 2,4-D and pingyangmycin, and performing mutagenesis culture treatment; and transferring a survival explant on which a somatic embryo is formed to a somatic embryo germination and screening culture medium added with bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and NaCl, and directionally screening the salt-tolerant body. The salt-tolerant body is directionally screened by combining in vitro mutagenesis and tissue culture, and plenty of manpower, materials and financial resources can be saved; and the salt-tolerant body is regenerated in an embryogenesis way, an somatic embryo is derived from a cell, and the chimerism of the salt-tolerant body can be avoided. A peanut mature seed is taken as a mutagenic material and cannot be limited by seasons, the operation is convenient, a novel salt-tolerant peanut germplasm can be created, the peanut genetic basis is enriched, and the difficulty that new high-yield salt-tolerant varieties are difficult to breed due to the lack of high salt-tolerant germplasm resources in peanut cultispecies is overcome.

The invention relates to a culture method for improving embryonic birth rate of crops and particularly relates to a culture method for improving the embryonic birth rate of cabbage stalk, belonging to the technical field of plant culture. According to the culture method disclosed by the invention, a microspore culture technology is utilized for co-culture of the cabbage stalk and rapeseed microspores, so that the germ extraction rate of the cabbage stalk can be significantly improved and the problem of low embryogenesis frequency of microspore culture of the cabbage stalk is further solved.

The invention discloses a hatching egg incubation illumination regulating and controlling method and an illumination regulating and controlling device, with side-direction light supply. Egg supports loaded with hatching eggs are placed on each layer of turnable egg stands, LED lamps are mounted above one side or multiple sides of each layer of the turnable egg stands and parallel to the turnable egg stands, and the LED lamps can turn along with the turnable egg stands; or the LED lamps are horizontally, or vertically or obliquely mounted on one side or multiple sides outside three-dimensional egg stands, and the LED lamps do not turn along with the turnable egg stands. After light enters, the hatching eggs perform diffuse reflection on the light, so that the light tends towards uniformity; when the hatching eggs are incubated, the LED lamps are regularly switched on, the light transmits egg shells of the hatching eggs, embryos mutually influence through squirm, and concurrent work and rest rhythm and hormone level are formed, so that the health state of the embryos is increased, the growth of the embryos is promoted, the incubation time is shortened, and the incubation rate of the hatching eggs, and the development and the stress resistant capacity of internal organs of chicks are improved. The hatching egg incubation illumination regulating and controlling method and the illumination regulating and controlling device disclosed by the invention are used for regulating and controlling illumination in the process of incubating the hatching eggs, the design is simple, the structure is reasonable, and the use rate of light energy is greatly increased.

The somatic embryogenesis and cloned plant regeneration process for Fujian cypress includes the steps of inducing embryonic suspensor cell group with immature zygotic embryo, sustaining, proliferation, pre-maturation, maturation to obtain somatic embryo, and germinating culture to obtain regenerated plant. The minimal culture mediums for different stages are DCR minimal medium and improved DCR minimal medium with halved macro elements. The present invention makes it possible to obtain great amount of cloned regenerated plants with identical genetic base, and provides new technological process of providing great amount of Fujian cypress seedlings in short period, high efficiency and low cost.

The invention discloses a cerasus campanulata somatic cell embryogenesis method, comprising the following steps: inducting embryogenic callus of immature embryos in an induction medium; using a multiplication medium to multiply the embryogenic callus; and using a cultivation medium and a growth medium to cultivate embryoids, such that the embryoids grow and mature; finally, complete sprouts are obtained. The cerasus campanulata somatic cell embryogenesis method provided by the present invention assists in providing a cerasus campanulata vegetative propagation method with short period, high reproduction rate, and low cost. Presently, existing cerasus campanulata groves are rare; seed explosion is likely to occur during seed maturation; seed harvesting, storing and germinating are difficult; traditional seed breeding method is difficult to apply; traditional seed breeding efficiency is low; and landscaping and production requirements can not be satisfied. With the method provided by the present invention, the problems can be solved.

Disclosed is a culture medium for inducing cucumber macrospore in vitro monoploid embryogenesis, which comprises different contents of KNO3, CaCl2*H2O, MgSO4*7H2O, KH2PO4, (NH4)2SO$, MnSO4, ZnSO4, H3BO3, KI, FeSO4*7H2O, Na2EDTA*2H2O, inositol, vitamins B1, vitamins B6, nicotinic acid, glycine, auxin, cytokinin, sucrose and agar.

The invention discloses a method for efficiently obtaining a regeneration plant by cultivating isolated microspores of brassica oleracea L.var.capitata L.. The method comprises the following steps: (1) performing embryogenesis; and (2) performing embryo germination, thereby obtaining the regeneration plant, wherein the separated microspores are subjected to dark culture in a culture box at the temperature of 18+/-0.5 DEG C until an embryoid visible to the naked eyes is generated in the step (1) of performing embryogenesis; and then the small embryoid is transferred to a dark shaking table at a speed of 50-55 revolutions per minute at the temperature of 25+/-0.5 DEG C to perform shake culture until the cotyledonous embryoid is formed. According to the method, the genetically homogenous double-haploid plant materials can be obtained in batches, the germplasm resource innovation is accelerated, and the breeding progress is shortened. The method disclosed by the invention can be popularized and applied in the research field of molecular marker assisted breeding, mutant screening and cell totipotency mode systems of the brassica oleracea L.var.capitata L..

A process for the propagation of Theobroma cacao L. by somatic embryogenesis using explant material which is subjected to a) primary embryogenesis in the dark in a solid culture medium causing induction and expression to produce primary embryos, b) secondary embryogenesis i) in which the primary embryos are treated in the dark in a solid or liquid culture medium to produce and multiply embryogenic callus followed by ii) treatment of the embryogenic callus in the dark in a suitable liquid culture medium causing expression of the embryogenic callus to produce further new secondary embryos, c) pre-germination of the secondary embryos in a Petri dish on a solid medium, or in a bioreactor in a liquid medium, into pre-germinated secondary embryos at the cotyledonary stage, d) ex-vitro germination of the pre-germinated secondary embryos at the cotyledonary stage by sowing directly on a culture substrate in the greenhouse to produce the plantlets, and e) development of the plantlets.

The invention relates to a method for reproducing paphiopedilum armeniacum. The method comprises the steps of carrying out field planting on adult plants of the paphiopedilum armeniacum, carrying out artificial pollination when the paphiopedilum armeniacum flowers, marking the time of pollination and seeding by using capsule seeds of the paphiopedilum armeniacum of 90-110 days after the pollination. In recent years, field populations of the paphiopedilum armeniacum are excessively collected, seriously damaged and endangered and problems of protection and commercial development are needed to solve through artificial breeding method. According to the invention, aiming to solve the problem that the paphiopedilum armeniacum seed is more difficult to sprout after maturing, methods of seed morphological characteristic observing and aseptic germination are utilized to confirm that the seed germination rate is highest when the seed blastocyte morphological characteristic is shown as ellipsoidal embryogenesis and the suspensor presents a character of 2-3 cellular components in linear arrangement after 90 days after the pollination of the paphiopedilum armeniacum, therefore, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that optimal germination time of the seeds of the paphiopedilum armeniacum can be confirmed and technological basis is established for the building of a high-efficiency artificial reproduction technical system of the paphiopedilum armeniacum.