The present invention relates to a
new variant of EPO. In this study, the inventors identified a particular EPO differing from
kidney-type EPO due to a different
glycosylation pattern in patients with different diseases (for example idiopathic erythrocytosis, liver /
kidney disorder, tumors...). This new EPO is similar to pre-term newborn EPO produced by the liver that differs from the normal EPO produced from renal interstitial cells due to different post-translational modifications (glycosylations). This new EPO shows an increased
biological activity via activation of the EPO
receptor (EPOR), that can explain the origin of erythrocytosis. The detection of this specific liver-like EPO could be used as a diagnostic tool to better adapt and follow the treatments of erythrocytosis patients or in other diseases associated with the
overproduction of red blood cells. Thus, the invention relates to a specific EPO
protein which differs from the EPO with
kidney-type
glycosylation pattern.