82 results about "Gluconeogenesis" patented technology

This invention discloses a method and formulation for treatment / prevention of human and animal cancers. The invention is designed to exploit the vulnerability of cancer with regards to its anaerobic requirement for non-oxidative phosphorylation of glucose to derive energy, which is opposite to the host. The composition is comprised of a combination of one or more of (A) 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone, ubiquinones (5-45) (B) compound(s) capable of augmenting oxidative phosphorylation such as a riboflavin containing compound and / or ubiquinone (50) (C) 2′,3,4′5,7-pentahydroxyflavone or a lactic acid dehydrogenase inhibitor and (D) compounds (s) that antagonize gluconeogenesis from non-glucose carbon based substrates. The combination of these substances should favor oxidative loss of carbon through decarboxylation reactions, suppress gluconeogenesis and initiate collapse of glycolysis in tumor tissue, a chemical manipulation that should be non-toxic or perhaps even beneficial to normal respiring host tissue. Pilot studies indicate the treatment to be effective without side effects.

This invention relates to the biocatalysts for the efficient production of succinic acid and / or other products from renewable biological feedstocks. The biocatalysts have a very high efficiency for the growth-coupled production of succinic acid and / or other products from carbohydrate feed stocks as a result of both genetic manipulations and metabolic evolution. More specifically, certain biocatalysts of the present invention produce succinic acid at high titers and yield in mineral salts media during simple pH-controlled, batch fermentation without the addition of any exogenous genetic material. The genetic manipulations of the present invention are concerned with the energy-conserving strategies coupled with the elimination of alternative routes for NADH oxidation other than the routes for succinic acid production. The biocatalysts contain glucose-repressed gluconeogenic phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (pck) depressed by genetic modifications and a genetically-inactivated phosphotransferase system. In terms of succinic acid production efficiency, the biocatalysts of the present invention are functionally equivalent to succinate producing rumen bacteria such as Actinobacillus succinogens and Mannheimia succiniproducens with one difference that the biocatalysts are able to achieve this high level of succinic acid production in a minimal salt medium with carbohydrate source as opposed to the requirement for a rich media for succinic acid production by rumen bacteria.

Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) and L-carntine (LCAR) are nutraceuticals with indications in treating a variety of mental health disorders. A metabolomics-guided bioprocess method is presented to enhance ALCAR and LCAR formation in germinating plant seeds. Metabolic fluxes are manipulated by germination in bioreactors to increase oxygen availability as well as provide an aseptic environment to alter carbohydrate consumption and feedback repress gluconeogenesis. Large shifts in sunflower seed fatty acid, phospholipid and high-energy metabolism change the germination environment and these metabolic changes lead to an approximate 1000-fold increase in natural LCAR and ALCAR production by the seeds. The resulting LCAR and ALCAR products from the seeds are used for treating mental health disorders including Alzheimer's disease, geriatric depression, non-geriatric depression and schizophrenia.

The invention provides fucoidan sulfate and an application of low-molecular-weight fucoidan sulfate in preparation of metabolic syndrome resistant medicines and health products. By adopting fucoidan sulfate, insulin signaling pathways can be relatively well improved, gluconeogenesis can be inhibited, the glycogen synthesis quantity can be increased, the glucose absorption of the skeletal muscles can be promoted, and insulin resistance can be effectively improved. Fucoidan sulfate can be taken as a natural product or medicine to be used for preventing and treating insulin resistance and metabolic syndromes; and fucoidan sulfate is sourced from marine algae, has the advantages of rich resources, easiness in industrialization and high safety, and has wide market and application prospects on the aspects of preventing and treating the metabolic syndromes. Fucoidan sulfate and the application provided by the invention can be used for providing reference significance and enlightenments for high-value applications of the marine algae.

The invention discloses a method for providing a new intervention target for preparation of antihyperglycemic medicines and using the irisin into development of diabetes-related medicines to prepare relatively good medicines for treating diabetes. After STZ / HFD-induced mice with diabetes are subjected to subcutaneous injection with irisin, the fasting serum glucose level is significantly reduced; the insulin sensitivity is significantly improved; by irisin, gluconeogenesis is reduced and glycogen synthesis is increased; the application proves that irisin is capable of significantly improving glucose metabolic disorder and insulin resistance in diabetes, is an effective target for treating diabetes, and can be developed as a novel antihyperglycemic medicine or medicine target; and a new way and means are provided for detection and treatment of diabetes.

The present invention is a 1,3,8 substituted xanthine derivative of formula Ior a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are as defined in the specification.Compounds of formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof show activity as modulators of gluconeogenesis.

The invention discloses a complex fungicide for improving feed fiber degradation rate and positively regulating rumen fermentation propionic acid generation as well as application thereof, belonging to the technical field of livestock and poultry feed. The complex fungicide contains bacillus subtilis, candida utilis and enterococcus faecium. According to the complex fungicide provided by the invention, the fiber digestibility of rumen microbial feed can be obviously improved, the total production amount of total rumen microbial fermentation volatile fatty acids is increased by 21.1 percent, and the positive regulation amount of gluconeogenesis precursor propionic acid production amount is 10.5-11.3 percent. The preparation method is simple and high in operability and is suitable for feed processing in livestock and poultry industry, and the ruminant feed energy utilization efficiency can be obviously improved.

There is provided a composition useful for mitigating a physical burden and recovering from fatigue at the time of alcohol intake, within a safety dose of active ingredients. The composition is for accelerating alcohol metabolism and for relieving fatigue by gluconeogenesis in vivo, and is characterized by comprising an effective amount of caffeine and an effective amount of an amino acid(s) or a peptide(s) selected from the group consisting of serine, tryptophan, serine rich peptides, tryptophan rich peptides, serine / tryptophan rich peptides and mixtures thereof, as active ingredients.

A method for producing ethylene dicarboxylic acid by fermenting colibacillus is carried out by inoculating activated colibacillus in culture medium containing carbon source, aerobic culturing, cloning bacterium or making glucose as initial carbon source, consuming, culturing by special carbon source, putting bacterium containing glucose and MgCO3 or NaHCO3 or Na2CO3 into culture medium and anaerobic fermenting to obtain the final product. It has better expression, gluconeogenesis and supplementary related enzyme and higher speed ratio.

The present invention describes the identification and isolation of chromones and novel chromone compositions from plant sources that exhibit up-regulation of adiponectin production by adipocytes and the normalization of virtually hundreds of genes related to glucose and fatty acid metabolic and signaling pathways. The chromone compositions are effective in enhancing adiponectin production by adipocytes and regulating genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids, steroid biosynthesis, gluconeogenesis, fat transport, PPARα / RXRα liver signaling and xenobiotic metabolism. The chromone compositions can be used to increase insulin sensitivity, improve glucose tolerance, lower triglyceride levels and balance glucose levels in mammals. Included in the present invention are methods for the prevention and treatment of a variety of diseases and conditions including, but not limited to insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, hyperglycemia, metabolic syndromes, dyslipidemia, and hypertriglyceridemia.

The invention discloses an application of clostridium butyrate in a preparation for prevention and treatment or adjuvant therapy of hyperglycemia and belongs to the technical field of prevention and treatment of diabetes. According to the application, during the prevention and treatment or adjuvant therapy of the hyperglycemia, butyric acid is produced in an intestinal tract, meanwhile, florae of the intestinal tract are changed, signals are sent to an ileum, a liver, a pancreatic gland and a brain by a portal vein blood sugar sensor, the ileum is promoted to secrete (GLP-1) glucagon-like peptide-1, the gluconeogenesis of the liver is lowered, pancreatic beta cells are protected, the secretion of insulin of the pancreatic gland is promoted, and thus, the action of reducing blood sugar is exerted. The clostridium butyrate is a medicine which has been proven by clinical drug trials and can be directly taken orally.

The invention relates to a non-invasive near-infrared light-controlled nano material for treating diabetes mellitus, and claims to protect the application of an up-conversion fluorescence nano material in preparation of a tool for treating diabetes mellitus. The up-conversion fluorescence nano material comprises a rare earth element doped inorganic nano material, a hepatocyte targeting molecule and a water-soluble polymer. The invention discloses a new application of the non-invasive up-conversion fluorescent nano material. An invasive optical fiber does not need to be implanted into an animalthrough an operation during diabetes treatment, near-infrared light with high tissue penetrability is used for exciting an up-conversion nano material in a living body, and light in the near-infraredband is converted into visible light through the up-conversion material so that photosensitive protein is activated, and glucose metabolism related signal pathways in cells are remotely regulated andcontrolled without relying on insulin under the condition of high time-space resolution, glycogen synthesis is promoted, glycogenesis is inhibited, and the blood glucose level is reduced.

This invention belongs to the field of biochemical engineering and relates to a method of cyclic utilization of water during separation of succinic acid made by fermentation. This invention uses water from separation process for aerobic growth of E.coli AFP111 and production of succinic acid by anaerobic fermentation, obtaining final succinic acid concentration of 55 g / L and yield of 91.6%. Compared with results of fermentation using culture medium prepared from tap water, succinic acid concentration and productivity increased by 8.5% and 8.46%, respectively. An outstanding advantage of this invention is recovery and utilization of evaporated water during separation of succinic acid, realizing cyclic use of water during industrial production of succinic acid, which is an environment-friendly process. Also, as evaporated water generated during separation of succinic acid contains small amount of organic acids such as acetic acid and formic acid, if this water is used for aerobic growth of thalli, the small amount of organic acids contained therein can be used as gluconeogenesis carbon source, improving activity of some key enzymes in cell and favoring succinic acid production by anaerobic fermentation of thalli.

The invention discloses an application of BAIBA (beta-aminoisobutyric acid) in preparation of anti-DM (diabetes mellitus) drugs. A novel treatment means is provided for preparation of the anti-DM drugs, BAIBA is applied to development of DM related drugs, and accordingly, the better DM treatment drugs are prepared. After BAIBA is delivered to a mouse with STZ / HFD (streptozocin / high fat diet) induced DM, the fasting blood-glucose level is remarkably reduced, insulin sensitivity is remarkably improved, and further, with the adoption of BAIBA, gluconeogenesis is reduced and an insulin molecular signal pathway is improved. Therefore, BAIBA can remarkably improve insulin resistance and glycometabolic disorder caused by DM, is an effective target site for DM treatment and can be taken as the novel anti-DM drug for development, and one novel pathway and means is provided for DM detection and treatment.

Systems, techniques and methods for estimating the metabolic state or flux, e.g., the body energy state (“BES”) of a patient, are disclosed. The BES provides deep insight into the nutritional needs of the patient, thus allowing for a sort of exquisite glycemic control with regard to the patient. The invention discloses systems and methods for estimating fractional gluconeogenesis, which is the % of glucose production that comes from gluconeogenesis (“GNG”), as opposed to glycogenolysis (“GLY”), the other form of glucose production. Nutritional formulations, materials, cocktails and methods for feeding patients by parenteral and other means are disclosed. The amount, type and rate of such nutritional feeding are typically based upon the above estimating. The invention discloses formulations that contain labels, such as deuterium, for medical diagnostics, such as for estimating BES and fractional gluconeogenesis. The invention is suitable for any sort of patient, including those who are injured, such as with traumatic brain injury, ill, or have other conditions that stress the metabolic system.

The present invention is a sulfonamide substituted xanthine derivative of formula I:or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1 is lower alkyl, lower alkyl substituted by phenyl, or lower alkyl substituted by halogen substituted phenyl; R2 is lower alkyl or lower alkyl substituted by lower cycloalkyl; and R3 is:Compounds of formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof show activity as modulators of gluconeogenesis.

The invention relates to the field of medicinal chemistry and pharmacotherapeutics. The invention discloses an application of a disulfide compound in preparation of medicines, an FBP enzyme inhibitorand a medicine for preventing and / or treating diabetes, and specifically provides the applications of the disulfide compound and an optical isomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the disulfide compound in preparation of at least one medicine selected from medicines with inhibition effect on fructose-1, 6-diphosphatase activity and cellular glycoisogenesis, and prevention and treatment effect on diabetes. The compounds disclosed by the invention shows excellent in-vitro and in-vivo glycoisogenesis inhibition and hypoglycemic effects, and are expected to be developed into medicines fortreating or improving diabetes.

Systems, techniques and methods for estimating the metabolic state or flux, e.g., the body energy state (“BES”) of a patient, are disclosed. The BES provides deep insight into the nutritional needs of the patient, thus allowing for a sort of exquisite glycemic control with regard to the patient. The invention discloses systems and methods for estimating fractional gluconeogenesis, which is the % of glucose production that comes from gluconeogenesis (“GNG”), as opposed to glycogenolysis (“GLY”), the other form of glucose production. Nutritional formulations, materials, cocktails and methods for feeding patients by parenteral and other means are disclosed. The amount, type and rate of such nutritional feeding are typically based upon the above estimating. The invention discloses formulations that contain labels, such as deuterium, for medical diagnostics, such as for estimating BES and fractional gluconeogenesis. The invention is suitable for any sort of patient, including those who are injured, such as with traumatic brain injury, ill, or have other conditions that stress the metabolic system.

The invention discloses an application of hederagenin and its glucoside in preparation of a medicine for inhibiting liver gluconeogenesis. The invention provides the application of the hederagenin with a sequence number being 1-15 or saponin in preparation of the medicine for inhibiting liver gluconeogenesis. The experiment result proves that the hederagenin with the sequence number being 1-15 orsaponin has obvious inhibition effect on gluconeogenesis of mice and has obvious promoting effect for synthesis of hepatic glycogen, so that the hederagenin with the sequence number being 1-15 or saponin has obvious effects for inhibiting liver gluconeogenesis. The technical staff of the filed fully believes that the hederagenin with the sequence number being 1-15 or saponin has good inhibiting effect for liver gluconeogenesis, and can be exploited to the medicines for treating diseases such as obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and diabetes.

The invention belongs to the technical fields of biology and medicine, and particularly relates to application of Nano-MitoPBN in preparing medicines for resisting oxidation and treating diabetes. Dueto the micro-compartmentalization effect, Nano-MitoPBN can remove mitochondrion superoxide / hydrogen peroxide generated by single electron leakage of a liver mitochondrion electron transport chain, increase the respiration rate of a mitochondrion state 3 and the respiration control ratio, improve synthesis of ATP, and promote the function of mitochondria. In addition, by reducing ROS, Nano-MitoPBNreduces gluconeogenesis, increases glycolysis, reverses ROS-mediated liver glycometabolism reprogramming in diabetic animals, then reduces the peripheral blood glucose level of the diabetic animals and restores the glucose tolerance of the diabetic animals. Nano-MitoPBN serves as a material for preparing the medicines for treating diabetes, can be used for targeting liver prevention and relievingand treating diabetes, and can obtain a remarkable curative effect with a very small dosage.

The invention relates to a composition having a blood sugar-lowering and lipid-lowering synergistic effect, and is used for preventing and treating hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. The blood sugar-lowering and lipid-lowering composition is composed of eucommia ulmoides leaves, eucommia ulmoides male flowers and cinnamon, and the adding amounts of the components comprise 50-150 parts of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, 5-25 parts of the eucommia ulmoides male flowers, and 5-50 parts of the cinnamon. Pharmacological experiments prove that the composition has the blood sugar-lowering effect, and can inhibit gluconeogenesis and promote glycometabolism simultaneously; at the same time, the composition has relatively good lipid-lowering effect. The blood sugar-lowering and lipid-lowering composition has the blood sugar-lowering and lipid-lowering effects superior to single components, and has the cooperative synergistic effect. The composition has the advantages of definite blood sugar-lowering and lipid-lowering effects, novel formulation, blood sugar-lowering and lipid-lowering synergistic effects, reliable curative effect and no obvious toxic or side effect, is a traditional Chinese medicine, also can lower blood sugar and lipid, provides a good formula, and can be used in preparation of drugs or health-care products for treating and preventing hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.

Systems, techniques and methods for estimating the metabolic state or flux, e.g., the body energy state (“BES”) of a patient, are disclosed. The BES provides a deep insight into the nutritional needs of the patient, thus allowing for a sort of exquisite glycemic control with regard to the patient. The invention discloses systems and methods for estimating fractional gluconeogenesis. The invention also discloses systems and methods for estimating and targeting patient blood lactate concentration, both as a target itself and as an intermediate step to estimating and targeting patient fractional gluconeogenesis glucose production. Nutritional support methods and formulations are also disclosed. The invention is suitable for any sort of patient, including those who are injured, such as with traumatic brain injury, ill, or have other conditions that stress the metabolic system.

The invention discloses an application and construction method of a high-selenium induced insulin resistance animal model. The application and construction method comprises the following steps of: feeding 100mug / kg-200ug / kg of selenium to the stomach of an SD (Sprague Dawley) rat every day; and six weeks later, obtaining the insulin resistance animal model. According to the statistic analysis of glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance, insulin signal transduction and gluconeogenesis key enzyme test, the construction of the insulin resistance animal model by utilizing sodium selenite is feasible; and the insulin resistance animal model can be used as a high-selenium induced insulin resistance animal model and a pathogenesis and drug action mechanism research model of diabetes mellitus II. The insulin resistance rat model constructed by the application and the construction method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simpleness in modeling method, high model establishing success rate, low cost, short period, good reproducibility and the like.

Systems, techniques and methods for estimating the metabolic state or flux, e.g., the body energy state (“BES”) of a patient, are disclosed. The BES provides a deep insight into the nutritional needs of the patient, thus allowing for a sort of exquisite glycemic control with regard to the patient. The invention discloses systems and methods for estimating fractional gluconeogenesis. The invention also discloses systems and methods for estimating and targeting patient blood lactate concentration, both as a target itself and as an intermediate step to estimating and targeting patient fractional gluconeogenesis glucose production. Nutritional support methods and formulations are also disclosed. The invention is suitable for any sort of patient, including those who are injured, such as with traumatic brain injury, ill, or have other conditions that stress the metabolic system.