The invention discloses meal replacement powder suitable for kidney disease dialysis patients. The meal replacement powder comprises the following components: lotus root, millet, buckwheat, Chinese yam, potato, Chinese chestnut, pearl barley, black rice, oat, Gorgon fruit, rice, black sesame, konjak, walnut, medlar, fermented black soya bean, red dates, maltodextrin, camellia oil, purple perilla seed oil, concentrated whey protein, L-malic acid, L-carnitine and lime acetate. The invention also discloses a preparation method for the meal replacement powder suitable for the kidney disease dialysis patients; the meal replacement powder disclosed by the invention is nutritionally balanced diet specially prepared for the kidney disease dialysis patients according to the homology theory of medicine and food of traditional Chinese medicine and the modern nutrition theory.