The invention discloses a method for preparing mannose through a biological process. According to the method, one or two of sodium formate and calcium formate, and one or two of glucose and fructose are taken as the raw materials, under the condition that glucose isomerase is available or not available, a biological catalysis system composed of an NAD (P)H-dependent mannitol dehydrogenase, an NAD(P)<+>-dependent formate dehydrogenase, an NAD<+>-dependent mannitol dehydrogenase, an NADH oxidase and a coenzyme is adopted for catalyzing, so that the mannose is prepared. The method for preparing the mannose provided by the invention has the characteristics that the raw materials are cheap, the reaction selectivity is high, etc, and the method belongs to a novel preparation reaction route of the mannose.