The invention discloses immobilization and an application of 1,3-dihydroxy acetone producing recombinant genetic engineering bacteria; a supramolecular template is used for immobilization of the engineering bacteria of an escherichia coli expressed glycerol dehydrogenase gene (gldA). Construction of the engineering bacteria comprises that with a klebsiella pneumoniae genome DNA as a template, PCR amplification is applied to obtain the gene (gldA) encoding glycerol dehydrogenase (GDH), the gene (gldA) is cloned onto an escherichia coli expression vector PET 28a, and a cloned vector PET-gldA is constructed and is expressed successfully in E.coli JM109. A method for expressing 1,3-dihydroxy acetone comprises that the recombinant genetic engineering bacteria immobilized by the supramolecular template are fermented in a glycerol-containing culture medium to obtain the 1,3-dihydroxy acetone. With the immobilized stain, the product expression quantity is high and is up to a maximum of 120 g / L, the repeated use is good, and the product expression quantity still can reach 107 g / L after repeated use for 15 times, an active role is provided in microbial fermentation preparation of the 1,3-dihydroxy acetone, and application prospects are wide.