60 results about "Oleodaphnoic acid" patented technology

The invention provides a method for accurately regulating and controlling the light-emitting wavelength of a mixed halide pure red light perovskite quantum dot, and belongs to the technical field of photoelectric display, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: preparing a first precursor solution based on cesium carbonate, preparing a second precursor solution based on PbI2 and ZnI2, and respectively heating; injecting oleic acid and oleylamine into the second precursor solution, heating, injecting the first precursor solution into the second precursor solution, cooling, heating again, injecting hydrobromic acid to obtain a mixed halogen perovskite quantum dot coarse solution, and centrifuging for multiple times to obtain a CsPbI3-mBrm quantum dot solution. The bromine source is introduced after the quantum dots are formed, accurate regulation and control of the light-emitting wavelength of the pure red light perovskite quantum dots are achieved, the light-emitting requirement of high-color-purity red light is met, and the quantum dots are one of ideal choices of high-efficiency photoelectric devices and display technologies in the future.

The invention provides oligonucleotide and / or oligonucleotide analogue molecules that are antagonists of a microRNA, preferably antagonists of human microRNAs hsa-miR-23b-3p and hsa-miR-218-5p, that comprise a mixture of phosphorothioate and phosphodiester linkages, and that are conjugated to at least one oleic acid molecule. Inhibiting these microRNAs allows to increase the endogenous levels of the corresponding proteins MBNL1 and / or MBNL2. The present invention further provides compositions comprising said oligonucleotides and / or oligonucleotide analogue molecules and their uses for the treatment and prevention of DM in a subject in need thereof.

The invention discloses a rare earth perovskite quantum dot and a preparation method and application thereof in a solar cell, and belongs to the technical field of perovskite solar cells, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring erbium salt and ammonium chloride in a solvent in a nitrogen atmosphere, after primary heating and heat preservation heating, adding an oleylamine solution, and continuing heat preservation heating to obtain a rare earth perovskite quantum dot solution; and adding a cesium oleate precursor after secondary temperature rise and heating to a specified temperature, immediately putting into an ice-water bath for cooling, centrifuging and washing the obtained product, and dissolving in chlorobenzene to obtain the rare earth perovskite quantum dot. The rare earth perovskite quantum dot provided by the invention is simple to prepare, is suitable for preparing various cell perovskite layers, and has good universality. Meanwhile, the solar cell provided by the invention has good stability and excellent commercial prospects.

The invention provides a metabolic marker for auxiliary diagnosis of schizophrenia, a construction method and application. Wherein the metabolic marker comprises lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (17: 0 / 0: 0), oleamide, lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine LysoPE (18: 0 / 0: 0), palmitamide, lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine LysoPE (0: 0 / 20: 4), lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine LysoPE (22: 6 / 0: 0), p-methylphenol sulfate, lactic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine LysoPE (18: 2 / 0: 0), lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine LysoPE (16: 0 / 0: 0) and sphingosine 1-phosphate. By utilizing the metabolic marker, auxiliary diagnosis of schizophrenia can be rapidly and accurately completed in the early stage of disease attack.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a copper-palladium alloy loaded nano titanium dioxide semiconductor material as a catalyst for a carbon dioxide reduction reaction. Firstly, alloy nanoparticles are generated through a sol-gel method, the morphology of the nanoparticles is controlled and agglomeration is prevented through oleylamine and oleic acid, and borane-tert-butylamine is added at the temperature of 170 DEG C to regulate and control the sizes of the generated alloy nanoparticles. A series of characterizations prove that the catalyst has a very good particle loading condition, uniform particle distribution and increased reaction active sites, and shows excellent activity when being applied to a carbon dioxide reduction reaction, when the loading capacities of copper and palladium are respectively 1%, the activity of the obtained catalyst is the highest, the methane generation rate can reach 20.23 mol / g / h, and the methane generation rate can reach 20.23 mol / g / h. The selectivity of methane reaches 100%.

The invention discloses application of biphenyl lactone compounds in treatment of Alzheimer's disease, and belongs to the field of medicine. According to the present invention, in the oleic acid treatment combined APOE4 point mutation microglial cells, the benzene lactone compound Graphislactone A can improve the abnormal lipid droplet accumulation, inhibit the microglial cells from generating inflammatory factors, and further protect the neuronal function; meanwhile, in-vivo AD mouse model experiments prove that the benzolactone compound Graphislactone A can improve cognitive impairment of AD mice and reduce abnormal accumulation of lipid droplets in brain and expression of inflammatory factors, can be used as an active ingredient of medicines for treating AD, and has wide application.

The invention discloses an ultraviolet-assisted silicon-coated perovskite quantum dot and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of nano materials, and the ultraviolet-assisted silicon-coated perovskite quantum dot is prepared from lead bromide, octadecene, oleic acid, oleylamine, silane and a cesium source through a series of operation steps. According to the ultraviolet-assisted silicon-coated perovskite quantum dot and the preparation method thereof, the required raw materials are simple, the reaction condition is mild, the reaction is rapid, the product generation efficiency is high, the prepared perovskite quantum dot is small in size, silicon coating is complete, the crystallinity is excellent, the fluorescence performance is excellent, and the stability is improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical experimental animal models, and particularly relates to a construction method of a rabbit ear acne model for studying acne pathogenesis and drug curative effect. A healthy New Zealand large-ear white rabbit is selected, a testosterone solution is subcutaneously injected to induce endocrine disorder, oleic acid is smeared at an opening of an external auditory canal on the inner side of an ear, dermatobacterium acnes suspension is subcutaneously injected, and whether acne-like lesions such as erythema, papule and comedo appear on the skin of the ear or not is observed. The method is easy and convenient to operate, low in cost, good in repeatability, capable of simulating the pathological process of human acne and suitable for acne pathogenesis research and drug screening.

The present application relates to the technical field of detection, and relates to a preparation method of an oxygen-rich vacancy Mn3O4 nanoscale enzyme, and the method comprises the following steps: step one: adding KMnO4 into deionized water according to a ratio of 0.5-1.5 g:500 ml, and completely dissolving to obtain a mixed solution; step two: adding oleic acid according to a volume ratio of 1:50, and continuously stirring at 25-35 DEG C for 4-6 hours; step three: collecting the precipitate, washing with deionized water and ethanol alternately for 4-6 times, drying at 70-90 DEG C for 8-12 hours, and calcining at 180-220 DEG C for 4-6 hours, so as to obtain an oxygen-rich vacancy Mn3O4 nanoscale enzyme with oxidase activity; and the oxygen-rich vacancy Mn3O4 nanoscale enzyme can detect nitrite rapidly, sensitively and specifically.

The invention belongs to the field of X-ray long-afterglow luminescent materials. The technical problems that traditional Pr < 3 + > doped fluoride is insufficient in afterglow performance, X-ray imaging depends on continuous irradiation, and color scattering noisy points exist are solved. The NaLuF4: Mg / Cs / Pr fluoride material is prepared by adopting a Cs < + >-Mg < 2 + > co-doping regulation strategy, the material is synthesized by an oleic acid-octadecene liquid phase method, and the X-ray excitation afterglow intensity of Pr < 3 + > is improved by about 110 times by utilizing the synergistic effect that Cs < + > enhances X-ray absorption and Mg < 2 + > optimizes a carrier shallow-deep trap level; the material is prepared into the high-light-transmittance rare earth nano flexible scintillation screen with the resolution ratio of 20.01 lp / mm. According to the invention, zero-noisy-point time-delay imaging after low-dose X-ray transient irradiation is realized, continuous irradiation is not needed, the radiation dose is lower, and the method is mainly applied to the field of X-ray time-delay imaging of low-dose medical diagnosis and industrial nondestructive testing. The method does not need continuous X-ray irradiation, and has important application value in the fields of medical diagnosis, industrial nondestructive testing and the like.

This invention discloses a method for large-scale synthesis of pure red CsPbI3 quantum dots in air. Two strong ligands with phosphorus and oxygen functional groups replace the dynamically weakly bound oleic acid ligand as a protective layer for the quantum dots. The strong binding between the phosphorus and oxygen functional groups and lead ions reduces surface defects and water-oxygen erosion channels in the quantum dots, enabling quantum dot synthesis in air. Simultaneously, triphenylphosphine oxide with high steric hindrance is introduced to regulate the ripening process of the quantum dots to ensure high color purity. Furthermore, air synthesis allows for rapid mixing of large quantities of precursors, avoiding the numerous defects and performance degradation caused by uneven temperature and asynchronous nucleation and growth in large-scale synthesis. Through the dual-ligand strategy, gram-scale pure red quantum dots with a hundredfold scale-up retain more than 80% of the optical and electrical properties of small-scale synthesis, achieving a PLQY of 80.2% and a corresponding LED device efficiency of 13.29%, realizing the synthesis of high-performance large-scale quantum dots suitable for electroluminescence.

The present invention provides oligonucleotide and / or oligonucleotide analogue molecules which are antagonists of microRNAs, preferably of human microRNAs hsa-miR-23b-3p and hsa-miR-218-5p, which comprise a mixture of phosphorothioate and phosphodiester linkages, and which are conjugated to at least one oleic acid molecule. Inhibition of these microRNAs can increase the endogenous levels of the corresponding proteins MBNL1 and / or MBNL2. The present invention further provides compositions comprising said oligonucleotide and / or oligonucleotide analogue molecules and their use for the treatment and prevention of diabetes in a subject in need thereof.

The invention provides oligonucleotide and / or oligonucleotide analogue molecules that are antagonists of a microRNA, preferably antagonists of human microRNAs hsa-miR-23b-3p and hsa-miR-218-5p, that comprise a mixture of phosphorothioate and phosphodiester linkages, and that are conjugated to at least one oleic acid molecule. Inhibiting these microRNAs allows to increase the endogenous levels of the corresponding proteins MBNL1 and / or MBNL2. The present invention further provides compositions comprising said oligonucleotides and / or oligonucleotide analogue molecules and their uses for the treatment and prevention of DM in a subject in need thereof.

The application discloses molybdenum-doped nano zinc oxide with high visible light photocatalytic performance and a preparation method and application thereof. The molybdenum-doped nano zinc oxide is prepared from 1-octadecene, 1-dodecanol, oleic acid, a zinc source and a molybdenum source through vacuum degassing treatment, uniform stirring under a nitrogen atmosphere, heating to 100-140 DEG C, keeping warm until solid particles are dissolved, heating to 220-250 DEG C, keeping warm for 0.5-1 h of reaction, and cooling, washing and drying. The molybdenum-doped nano zinc oxide produces a local surface plasmon resonance absorption peak in the range of 600-700 nm through molybdenum ion doping, and the nano powder has a diameter of 5-20 nm; and the visible light photocatalytic performance of the zinc oxide material is greatly improved under the condition of visible light.

The present invention provides oligonucleotide and / or oligonucleotide analogue molecules which are antagonists of microRNAs, preferably of human microRNAs hsa-miR-23b-3p and hsa-miR-218-5p, which comprise a mixture of thiophosphate linkages and phosphodieester linkages, and which are conjugated to at least one oleic acid molecule. Inhibition of these microRNAs can increase the endogenous levels of the corresponding proteins MBNL1 and / or MBNL2. The invention also provides compositions comprising said oligonucleotides and / or oligonucleotide analogue molecules and their use for the treatment and prevention of diabetes in a subject in need thereof.

The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectricity, and relates to a blue-light perovskite nanorod material, a light-emitting diode and a preparation method. The preparation method of the light-emitting diode comprises the following steps: taking lead acetate trihydrate, formamidine acetate, oleylamine bromide and oleic acid as synthetic raw materials, and mixing the materials with a reaction solvent according to a set proportion to obtain a reactant solution system; the method comprises the following steps: at normal temperature, carrying out ultrasonic synthesis on a reactant solution system by using a cell crusher to obtain an FAPbBr3 nanorod original solution, carrying out centrifugal purification on the obtained original solution to obtain an FAPbBr3 nanorod, passivating surface defects of the perovskite nanorod and improving the conductivity of the perovskite nanorod by introducing 4-trifluoromethylbenzene-1-formamidine hydrochloride, and making the perovskite nanorod into a luminescent layer. The defect state density and the non-radiative recombination center of the light-emitting layer are reduced, and the spectral stability is enhanced, so that the brightness and the external quantum efficiency of the device are remarkably improved.

The invention provides a preparation method of thermally activated delayed fluorescence type ionic liquid and application of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence type ionic liquid in surface defect passivation of perovskite quantum dots, and the material is a novel material synthesized from a quaternized long alkyl chain material and TADF, and can be used for passivating the surface defects of the perovskite quantum dots. Perovskite quantum dots have become one of the most promising photoelectric materials. However, the oleic acid / oleylamine ligand is obviously separated from the surfaces of the PQDs due to reversible protonation and deprotonation processes, which mainly affects the photoelectric properties of the PQDs. The TADF material is a novel ionic TADF material, cesium and bromide ion vacancies can be passivated, so that the surface defect density is reduced, the stability is improved, and meanwhile, the luminescent brightness and the external quantum efficiency of perovskite can be improved. The invention provides an important thought for further optimizing the photoelectric property and application of the perovskite quantum dots.

The invention relates to the technical field of semiconductor quantum dots, and discloses a multifunctional semiconductor quantum dot and a synthesis method and application thereof.The synthesis method comprises the steps that according to the proportion of a chemical formula Cs (AaBbCcDdEe) Cl6, chlorides of Cs, A, B, C, D and E are weighed to serve as raw materials; carrying out primary ball milling on the raw materials, adding oleylamine and oleic acid, and carrying out secondary ball milling; and dispersing the ball-milled powder in toluene, adding an inorganic ligand, stirring to obtain a solid-liquid, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and drying, crushing and grinding the separated solid material to obtain the multifunctional semiconductor quantum dot finished product. According to the invention, the high-entropy two-dimensional double-perovskite long-afterglow material integrating multiple functions of luminescence and photocatalysis is synthesized through a solid-liquid combined two-step method. Organic and inorganic ligand bonding is respectively carried out in solid and liquid synthesis environments, so that the luminescence property and the stability are improved, the exciton lifetime is prolonged, and light-source-free self-sufficient photocatalysis is realized.

The invention discloses a skin-sourced streptococcus infantis CCSM002 capable of improving skin health and a metagen of the streptococcus infantis CCSM002, and belongs to the field of microbial technologies and medicines. The streptococcus infantis CCSM002 provided by the invention has the capability of generating oleamide, D-erythrodisphingosine and (2-oxo-2, 3-dihydro-1H-indole-3-yl)-acetic acid, and the strain has a good effect of repairing a barrier function in the aspect of external use and a good application prospect, specifically, the activity of damaged HaCaT cells is improved in vitro, the activity of the damaged HaCaT cells is improved, the activity of the damaged HaCaT cells is improved, and the activity of the damaged HaCaT cells is improved. The expression of tissue kininolase is reduced, and the gene level expression of FLG, IVL, AQP3, ZO-1 and Occludin can be improved at the same time in the aspect of improving functional protein and structural protein after damage. Therefore, the streptococcus infantis CCSM002 has a huge application prospect in preparation of external daily chemical products or medicines for repairing the skin barrier.

The invention discloses a method for large-scale synthesis of pure red CsPbI3 quantum dots in air. Two strong ligands with phosphorus and oxygen functional groups are used for replacing dynamically and weakly combined oleic acid ligands to serve as a quantum dot protection layer, surface defects and water and oxygen erosion channels of quantum dots are reduced through strong combination between the phosphorus and oxygen functional groups and lead ions, and quantum dot synthesis in air is achieved; meanwhile, triphenylphosphine oxide with high chain steric hindrance is introduced to regulate and control the curing process of the quantum dots so as to ensure high color purity. In addition, a large number of precursors can be rapidly mixed during synthesis in the air, and a large number of defects and performance reduction caused by uneven temperature and different nucleation growth in large-scale synthesis are avoided. The gram-level pure red quantum dots amplified by hundreds of times can be obtained through a double-ligand strategy, optical and electrical properties of over 80% small-scale synthesis are reserved, the PLQY is 80.2%, the corresponding LED device efficiency is 13.29%, and synthesis of high-performance large-scale quantum dots for electroluminescence is achieved.

The invention relates to a preparation method of Na+ / Cu2+ ions co-doped cesium lead bromide perovskite quantum dots, products and applications thereof, which belongs to the technical field of modification research of perovskite quantum dots. The invention discloses a preparation method of Na+ / Cu2+ ions co-doped cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) perovskite quantum dots, which adopts lead bromide (PbBr2), oleic acid (OA), oleylamine (OAm), sodium ion precursors and copper ion precursors for the reaction preparation in octadecene (ODE), in which copper ions (Cu2+) and sodium ions (Na+) substitute A and B crystal sites in cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) perovskite fluorescent quantum dots respectively. The quantum dots have been effectively improved in photoluminescence quantum yield, thermal stability, etc., and can be used as an active layer to fabricate light emitting diodes which achieve the tuning of emission color from green to blue.

The application discloses a synthesis method of quantum dot photoresist, which adopts long-chain ligands of oleic acid and oleylamine, takes a polar solvent as a reaction solvent, adds lead halide and a cesium source as precursor substances, generates high-quality perovskite quantum dots in one step, then removes surface ligands of the perovskite quantum dots through reagents to form surface defects, makes the perovskite quantum dots have electronegativity, and then adds halide ligands capped with ammonium to combine with defects on the surface of the quantum dots to prepare the photoresist. The application not only improves the stability of the quantum dot photoresist, but also enhances the force between the quantum dots and the photosensitive ligands, thereby realizing controllable preparation of a high-precision quantum dot display array device, facilitating mass production, solving the complex process of multi-color conversion of a small display screen, and having a simpler process, higher stability, higher color purity and larger display color gamut compared with other existing products, and being helpful to promote Mini LED / Micro LED colorization application.

The invention provides a preparation method of zinc-doped perovskite quantum dots and application of the zinc-doped perovskite quantum dots in a photovoltaic film. The preparation method of the Zn-PQD comprises the following steps: dissolving cesium bromide, lead bromide and a zinc dopant in N, N-dimethylformamide, adding oleic acid and oleylamine, and stirring until the materials are completely dissolved to obtain a precursor solution; ethyl acetate is added into the precursor solution, and Zn-PQD is formed. The energy band gap of the PQD is regulated and controlled by doping Zn, visible light absorption is increased, the photon transition rate is increased, and the fluorescence efficiency and stability of the PQD are improved. According to the Zn-doped CsPbBr3 quantum dots, Pb is partially replaced by Zn, perovskite crystal lattices are gradually shrunk, a transition energy band is reduced, and the fluorescence efficiency is greatly improved. And the Zn-PQD / EVA film is obtained through compounding with the EVA, so that the stability of the Zn-PQD is improved, the light transmittance of the EVA is improved by improving light absorption, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell is improved.

A negative electrode active material and a preparation method therefore, and a related device are disclosed. The negative electrode active material comprises a negative electrode active substance and a coating layer. The coating layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode active substance, and the coating layer comprises at least one of polymethyl methacrylate, sodium maleate, and oleic acid diethanolamide borate. The cycle performance and the initial coulombic efficiency of batteries are improved.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a RuFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy nano-catalyst, the addition of CTAC promotes the formation of a nano high-entropy alloy material with a uniform size, and provides more catalytic active sites; the introduction of glucose also plays a key role in controlling the dispersion degree of the constructed RuFeCoNiMn, and meanwhile, the synergistic combination of Ru, Fe, Co, Ni and Mn and oleic acid amine play a key role in forming a uniform multi-component alloy nano-catalyst, and the prepared RuFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy has a single face-centered cubic crystal structure. The content of each element accords with the entropy driving definition of the high-entropy alloy; alloy particles are uniform and narrow in size distribution, the average particle size is about 6.59 nm, the structural stability of the material can be improved, the electron transmission rate can be increased, oxygen desorption and release can be promoted, and therefore the electrocatalytic activity is effectively enhanced.

The invention discloses a benzisoselenazolone-statin bonding molecule as well as a preparation method and application of the benzisoselenazolone-statin bonding molecule. The bonding molecule is formed by chemically bonding a statin pharmacophore (3, 5-dihydroxyvaleric acid or a lactone structure thereof) and an ebbeselenium pharmacophore (benzisoselenazolone). The invention provides a plurality of synthesis paths including'first connection and then cyclization 'and'first parent nucleus construction and then coupling', and a plurality of specific compounds such as IA-6, IB-6, IIA-7, IIIB-5 and the like are efficiently prepared. In-vitro activity experiments show that the compounds can significantly reduce the content of triglyceride (TG) in hepatic cells induced by oleic acid and palmitic acid at the cellular level, the cytotoxicity is low, and the activity of part of the compounds is equivalent to that of atorvastatin. The invention provides a brand-new lead compound for developing a novel NASH treatment medicine with lipid-lowering and antioxidant / anti-inflammatory dual activities.

This invention discloses a trimetallic PdNiRu ultrathin nanosheet, its preparation method, and its applications. The nanosheet possesses ultrathin nanoscale dimensions, a two-dimensional sheet structure, and a multi-metallic composition. Using palladium(II), ruthenium(III), and nickel(II) acetylacetone as metal precursors, oleylamine and oleic acid as solvents, and carbon monoxide generated from the decomposition of the carbonyl compound Mo(CO)6 as a structure directing agent, the trimetallic PdNiRu nanosheet was synthesized via a one-step solvothermal method at 180°C for 3 hours. The highly curved ultrathin nanosheet structure and the ternary metal effect can synergistically regulate the surface electronic structure, helping to optimize the adsorption intensity of oxygen-containing species. It possesses advantages such as ultrathinness (~3.5 nm), good conductivity, high electrochemical activity, and good electrochemical stability. It can be used as an ethylene glycol oxidation anode catalyst and an oxygen reduction cathode catalyst, exhibiting high catalytic activity and stability in both applications.

The invention provides a preparation method of a two-dimensional perovskite and quantum dot lamination and an electroluminescent diode. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a cesium source precursor by taking cesium stearate, oleic acid and 1-octadecene as raw materials; preparing a lead source precursor by taking lead halide, zinc halide, oleylamine, oleic acid and 1-octadecene as raw materials; thermally injecting the cesium source precursor into the lead source precursor and cooling to obtain a perovskite quantum dot solution; performing anti-solvent purification on the perovskite quantum dot solution to obtain perovskite quantum dots; phenylethyl amine iodide, lead halide and dimethyl sulfoxide are used as raw materials to prepare two-dimensional perovskite; and spin-coating the perovskite quantum dots on the two-dimensional perovskite to form a lamination of the two-dimensional perovskite and the quantum dots.

The invention belongs to the technical field of anti-icing materials, and particularly relates to manganese oxide magnetic nano-particles with anti-icing and anti-frost performance and a preparation method of the manganese oxide magnetic nano-particles. The molecular formula of the manganese oxide magnetic nanoparticles provided by the invention is La < 0.3 > Ca < 0.1 > MnO < 3 >; the manganese oxide magnetic nanoparticles are modified by oleic acid and fluorosilane; the manganese oxide magnetic nano-particles modified by oleic acid and fluorosilane are in the shape of particles, and the particle size range is 200-250 nm or 250-300 nm. The manganese oxide magnetic nanoparticles provided by the invention have low Curie temperature and very small iron loss effect, and have better anti-icing and anti-frost performance.

The invention discloses a multilevel structure CrSbSe3 nano material and a preparation method and application thereof. The microstructure of the nano material is a flower-shaped multi-stage nano structure formed by self-assembly of nanosheets, and the crystal form of the nano material is an orthorhombic phase. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting soluble substances of chromium, antimony and selenium as a chromium source, an antimony source and a selenium source respectively; (2) adding a chromium source and an antimony source into a reaction medium consisting of organic amine, oleic acid and octadecene, and heating and dissolving to obtain a solution A; and (3) heating and dissolving a selenium source in oleylamine to obtain a solution B, mixing the solution A and the solution B, and carrying out solvothermal reaction to obtain the multilevel structure CrSbSe3 nano material. The method disclosed by the invention is mild in reaction condition and simple in process, and the prepared CrSbSe3 is of a multi-stage nanostructure with high crystallinity and has excellent catalytic degradation capacity for environmental pollutants.