The invention relates to a
silicon-based metasurface wide-range
refractive index sensor which comprises a substrate and a
superstructure. The substrate is a double-sided polished flat plate made of a uniform material, the
refractive index of the material is n (0), one surface of the double-sided polished flat plate is a structural surface, the other surface is a non-structural surface, and the
superstructure is attached to the upper surface of the structural surface; a
refractive index to-be-measured medium is attached above the structural surface and covers the
superstructure; the superstructure is composed of elements which are periodically arranged according to
crystal lattices, and each element comprises three
silicon material cubes with different angles. The lattice construction method comprises the following steps: establishing a square lattice with a period of p; firstly, a basic element is constructed, the basic element is composed of three
silicon material cubes with the length of 1, the width of w and the height of h, the height h direction is perpendicular to a coordinate
system, and the basic element periodically translates according to
crystal lattices to obtain other elements. Through reasonable design of the metasurface structure,
optical resonance effects of electric
quadrupole, magnetic
quadrupole and the like can be realized, and the metasurface has a narrow
resonance spectrum peak, so that wide-range and high-sensitivity refractive index measurement is realized.