The invention relates to a hot rolling wire rod production method for improving the surface quality. The steps include billet preparation, heating processing, pass rolling, reducing and sizing, coil collecting and finishing. Rough rolling, intermediate rolling and pre-finish-rolling are included, the step pitch is increased during the heating processing, the box pass is adopted for billets firstly, exchange in the ellipse pass and the circle pass is then achieved, and the square billets are rolled into semi-finished products with circular fracture surfaces; the box pass, ellipse pass and circle pass combined pass is adopted for the rough rolling, the square billets are compressed under large pressure, the box pass is adopted for the first three passes of the rough rolling, box type hole base angles are increased, the ellipse pass and the circle pass are adopted for the fourth pass and the fifth pass of the rough rolling, and the circular shape is achieved after the rough rolling; and induction heating is added between the rough rolling and the intermediate rolling, and the problem that the head and tail temperature difference of red steel heads is large is solved. A spiral guide pipe is added to a lifting spiral pipe structure for the coil collecting, the circle shape of tail portions is regularized through the spiral guide pipe after the tail portions lose tension during the coil collecting, and therefore the circle shape of the tail portions is controlled and the problem that the tail portions are scratched is solved. The hot rolling wire rod production method meets the zero defect quality requirement.