The invention discloses a large aperture telephoto lens. The large aperture telephoto lens comprises a first optical lens with positive focal length, a second optical lens with negative focal length,a third optical lens with positive focal length, a fourth optical lens with negative focal length, a diaphragm, a fifth optical lens with positive focal length, a sixth optical lens with positive focal length, and a seventh optical lens with negative focal length which are orderly arranged from an object side to an image side; one surface, towards the object side, of each of the first optical lensand the fourth optical lens is a convexity; one surface, towards the image side, of each of the third optical length and the fourth optical lens is a concavity; the second optical lens and the seventh optical lens are biconcave optical lenses; the first optical lens, the fifth optical lens and the sixth optical lens are biconvex optical lenses; the focal length of the first optical lens is f1, the focal length of the second optical lens is f2, and the entire focal length of the large aperture telephoto lens is f, (f1/f) is more than 0.55 and less than 0.95, (f1/f2) is more than -0.98 and lessthan -0.38. Compared with the prior art, the maximum aperture of the large aperture telephoto lens can achieve F1.4, the amount of light is sufficient, and a night vision effect is excellent.