The invention relates to an image plane interference microimaging device and a method. The device comprises a light source, a microscope objective, a transverse shear beam splitter, an electric control rotary platform, an imaging objective, an area array charge coupled device (CCD) camera and a computer. The method includes that objects at a lighting site are imaged by an infinity conjugate microscope objective and then are emitted into the transverse shear beam splitter as parallel light, each light beam is transversely shore by the transverse shear beam splitter, and two light beams parallel to each other are obtained. After the light passes through the imaging objective, interference fringes are produced by the area array CCD camera; the electric control rotary platform is controlled and driven by the computer to achieve pushing imaging for the objects; and light intensity corresponding to the observing objects in each image is drawn from image sequences, interference information of the observing objects is combined again, and Fourier exchange calculation inversion is conducted for the interference information to obtain light spectrum information of the observing information. The image plane interference microimaging device is large in luminous flux, high in signal to noise ratio, and high in resolution ratio.