The invention relates to a 
buoyancy adjusting device for a large-depth 
underwater robot. The adjusting amount of hydraulic oil of the 
buoyancy adjusting device is detected by detecting changes of thetemperature and the pressure of 
inert gas in a 
closed cavity; and the 
inert gas with 
positive pressure is poured into an inner leather bag sealing 
barrel, so that an inlet of a high-pressure 
plunger pump has 
positive pressure, the problem that the self-suction capacity of the high-pressure 
plunger pump is poor is solved, and the working efficiency of the high-pressure 
plunger pump is improved. Double-pump combination is adopted, and different pumps are adopted for outward oil 
discharge and inward oil return, so that the 
energy consumption of a 
system is reduced, and the corresponding speed during low-pressure oil return is increased. A direct-current motor and the high-pressure 
plunger pump are arranged in parallel, so that the structure is more compact; and the high-pressure plunger pumpis installed in an 
oil immersion manner, the structural characteristics of the high-pressure 
plunger pump are fully combined, the installation size is minimized, the 
oil absorption efficiency is improved, and meanwhile the space is saved. According to the 
buoyancy adjusting device, through the structure design that a whole cage-shaped frame is matched with a core shaft, the stability of the wholestructure is met, and the light weight of the whole structure is achieved.