The invention relates to a fully-sealed volatilization prevention device for an emergency drainage pipe of a floating roof and a method. The device and the method mainly solve the problem of water seal volatilization in the prior art. The fully-sealed volatilization prevention device for the emergency drainage pipe of the floating roof comprises a floating ball, a connecting rod, a cover plate, aconnector, a pin, a support, an emergency drainage port, the emergency drainage pipe, a fixing bolt, a zipper, a filter screen, a floating roof upper surface, a bolt gasket, a cover plate sealing gasket and sealing rings. The device is arranged above the emergency drainage pipe of the floating roof of an outer floating roof storage tank and is used for preventing volatilization of a water seal medium in the emergency drainage pipe and oil in the tank, by means of the technical scheme, the problem is well solved, and the device can be used for emergency drainage of the floating roof of the outer floating roof storage tank.