The invention relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle
route planning method and
system based on lightweight
artificial intelligence, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining the environment data of a distribution line, and fusing the data of multiple sensors in real time; s2, constructing an environment map based on the fused multi-sensor data; s3, key points are extracted from the environment map to serve as path nodes, the number of the nodes is reduced through a clustering
algorithm, and a three-dimensional environment map with the key path nodes is obtained; s4, optimizing path calculation by adopting an improved A *
algorithm and utilizing a
heuristic search strategy according to the
electric power line inspection plan, and constructing a
path plan; and S5, deploying an edge terminal at the key node, and triggering real-
time data storage and transmission only when necessary by adopting an event-based detection
algorithm. Through the lightweight
artificial intelligence algorithm design, the method can efficiently operate on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform with limited computing resources, and can effectively execute the inspection task in a complex distribution line environment at the same time.