The invention discloses a refrigerator heat exchange performance measurement and control device. A compressor, an auxiliary heat exchanger, a first bypass hand valve, a drying filter, a hot air passage, a flowmeter, an electric heating tape, an electronic expansion valve, a second bypass hand valve, a cold air passage and an evaporator form a loop via a pipeline. The auxiliary heat exchanger comprises a condenser, an electric heater, an auxiliary evaporator and a heat-exchange medium; the auxiliary evaporator is connected with an auxiliary compressor, an auxiliary condenser and a capillary through a pipeline. Two ends of the first bypass hand valve are connected with a measured condenser through first control valves, and two ends of the second bypass hand valve are connected with a measured evaporator through second control valves. The refrigerator heat exchanger performance measurement and control device further comprises a heat exchanger performance parameter data acquisition and measurement mechanism. By means of the refrigerant-refrigerant, refrigerant-air and system self-heating type cold and heat recovery, length of a system pipeline is shortened to the utmost extent and intermediate medium for energy transmission is reduced, thus, influence on measurement and control of small-size heat exchangers caused by external factors can be reduced effectively and then high-precision system test is achieved.