The invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical synthesis, in particular to a method for synthesizing thymalfasin, and aims to solve the technical problems of difficulty in separation and purification, low total yield and high production cost of a conventional method. According to the scheme, the method for synthesizing thymalfasin comprises the steps as follows: a, a polypeptide fragment 1 and a polypeptide fragment 2 provided with protecting groups on side chains are synthesized; b, a C terminal of the polypeptide fragment 1 and an N terminal of the polypeptide fragment 2 are coupled, and the protecting group at the N terminal is removed to obtain polypeptide resin I; c, according to an amino acid sequence of thymalfasin, amino acids from the eleventh to the first are sequentially coupled one by one according to the order from the C terminal to the N terminal, then the protecting group at the N terminal is removed, and acetylation is performed to obtain thymalfasin resin; and d, the thymalfasin resin is subjected to acidolysis to remove the C terminal resin and all protecting groups to obtain a coarse thymalfasin product, and thymalfasin is obtained after purification. With the adoption of the method, the product yield can be greatly improved, and the synthesis cycle is shortened.