22 results about "Beam matching" patented technology

A system and methods for beam failure recovery and management for multi-carrier communications with beamforming are disclosed herein. A wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) may monitor for and detect a beam failure of a beam associated with a secondary cell (Scell). The WTRU may select an Scell candidate beam. The WTRU may transmit using a selected uplink (UL) resource in a primary cell (SpCell) a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) including an indication of Scell beam failure and identifying the selected candidate beam. The WTRU may receive an Scell beam failure indication response on the SpCell indicating an SCell index and a downlink (DL) quasi co-location (QCL) reference associated with the Scell. The WTRU may verify that the DL QCL reference matches with the candidate beam. The WTRU may perform random access on the SCell using the selected QCL reference and the selected candidate beam.

The invention discloses an ultrashort bending type beam homogenization transmission line. The ultrashort bending type beam homogenization transmission line is characterized in that the transmission line is an ultrashort bending type high-current homogenization transmission line comprising two pieces of four-eight-level composite iron and one piece of second-level iron; the ultra-short bending type high-current homogenized transmission line is an ultra-short bending type high-current homogenized transmission line A which is arranged along a beam current direction; or the ultra-short bending type high-current homogenization transmission line B is arranged along the beam direction; the ultra-short bending type high-current homogenization transmission line A is sequentially provided with an accelerator leading-out port, a beam matching mechanism, fourth and eight-stage composite iron 1, second-stage iron, fourth and eight-stage composite iron 2, a beam matching and homogenization effect observation mechanism 1 and a terminal 1 along the beam leading-out direction; the tetra-octupole composite iron of the beam line can simultaneously realize focusing and homogenization effects on beam envelope, the composite iron is installed on a beam transmission line, the number of transmission elements can be reduced, the length of the transmission line is shortened, and the construction cost of the beam transmission line is reduced.

The invention discloses a manifold optimization transmitting directional diagram synthesis method for an analog digital hybrid array. According to the manifold optimization transmitting directional diagram synthesis method for the analog digital hybrid array, the HAD array transmitting directional diagram synthesis problem with the criterion of minimizing the matching error between an expected beam directional diagram and an actual beam directional diagram is researched. According to the method, the solution is carried out by utilizing block coordinate descent (BCD) and Riemannian manifold optimization. Firstly, a constant modulus auxiliary variable is introduced to equivalently represent that an objective function is a smooth biquadratic function; then, alternately optimizing a scaling factor, a digital weight, a simulation weight and a constant modulus auxiliary variable under a BCD framework, reexpressing the simulation weight and the auxiliary variable as a quadratic programming problem under constant modulus constraint, and solving through a Riemannian gradient descent method; the globally optimal solution of the digital weight is obtained through a Lagrange multiplier method. A numerical result shows that compared with other representative algorithms, the algorithm provided by the invention has better beam matching performance.

This invention discloses a low-energy beam transmission line, comprising: a single solenoid having a channel; a first movable component connected to the single solenoid to allow the single solenoid to move along the beam transmission direction; and a vacuum accelerating tube, with a first end connected to an ion source and a second end passing through the channel and connected to an accelerator. This invention's low-energy beam transmission line, by incorporating a movable single solenoid, increases the adjustable degrees of freedom of the solenoid, enabling dual-degree-of-freedom adjustment (spatial position and magnetic field strength), thus significantly improving beam matching capability.

The application discloses a kind of ultra-short bending type beam homogenization transmission lines, its characteristics are: the transmission line is the ultra-short bending type strong current homogenization transmission line containing two four-eight level composite iron and a two level iron;The ultra-short bending type strong current homogenization transmission line is the ultra-short bending type strong current homogenization transmission line A arranged along the beam direction, or the ultra-short bending type strong current homogenization transmission line B arranged along the beam direction: the ultra-short bending type strong current homogenization transmission line A is sequentially provided with: accelerator exit, beam matching mechanism, four-eight level composite iron 1, two level iron, four-eight level composite iron 2, beam matching and homogenization effect observation mechanism 1, terminal 1 along the beam extraction direction;The four-eight pole composite iron of the beam line can simultaneously realize the focusing and homogenization effect to beam envelope, and the composite iron is installed on the beam transmission line, which can reduce the number of transmission elements, shorten the length of transmission line, and reduce the engineering cost of beam transport line.

The invention provides an angle domain codebook design method and device based on power weighting GMM (Gaussian Mixture Model) clustering, and relates to the technical field of wireless communication multi-antenna transmission, and the technical key points are as follows: the method comprises the following steps: obtaining path parameters containing angle and power information, and generating a power weighting angle training set; carrying out probability density modeling on the angle training set by adopting a Gaussian mixture model, and identifying an optimal number of angle clusters; based on the weight of each angle cluster, distributing the total code word number as the exclusive code word number of each cluster in proportion; aiming at each cluster, determining a beam direction reference by using a cluster mean value, optimizing direction precision in combination with a main feature vector of a cluster covariance, and generating an exclusive code word direction corresponding to each cluster; integrating the code words of all clusters, and constructing a final codebook; wherein in the codebook generation process, quantized resources are allocated through beam geometric features, and more quantized resources are concentrated in a high-energy region of an angle domain. According to the embodiment of the invention, by adopting the design, the beam matching precision can be improved.

The invention relates to an ultra-short symmetrical bending type beam homogenization transmission line. A beam line is a symmetrical bending type high-current homogenization beam line which comprises two pieces of four-eight-level composite iron and a piece of shared two-level iron. The symmetrical bending type high-current homogenization beam line is composed of a common beam line and two branch beam lines. The common beam line is provided with an accelerator leading-out port, a beam matching mechanism, four-level and eight-level composite iron 1 and second-level iron in the beam direction. The first branch beam line is sequentially provided with four-eight-level composite iron 2, a beam matching and homogenization effect observation mechanism 1 and a terminal 1; the second branch beam line is sequentially provided with four-eight-level composite iron 3, a beam matching and homogenizing effect observation mechanism 2 and a terminal 2; the tetra-octupole composite iron of the beam line can simultaneously realize focusing and homogenization effects on beam envelope, the composite iron is installed on a beam transmission line, the number of transmission elements can be reduced, the length of the transmission line is shortened, and the construction cost of the beam transmission line is reduced.

The invention relates to a proton spectrum CT imaging method and device, and the method comprises the following steps: receiving two proton beams with different energies through two beam matching units, and adjusting the phase space and beam envelope of the proton beams; the transmission angle of the proton beam is changed by using the beam deflection system, so that the proton beam is deflected to irradiate the target substance; performing position angle sorting and filtering on the proton beam through an imaging optimization system; receiving the dual-energy proton beam by using a single-source double-layer detector, collecting energy attenuation data of the dual-energy proton beam, and transmitting the data to a data analysis module; the data is compared with the energy spectrum line of a known substance through the data analysis module, the equivalent base substance proportion of a target substance is calculated, the energy difference is processed through an algorithm, and a low-noise and high-contrast energy spectrum image is generated. According to the proton spectrum CT imaging method, quantitative and qualitative analysis can be carried out on the tissue structure components of the target substance, and the imaging quality can be improved.

The present application belongs to the field of satellite communication and wireless communication resource management, and discloses a maritime satellite uplink robust beamforming method and related device, which determines the geometric angle relationship and constructs the uplink robust beamforming optimization problem by acquiring the attitude, position and satellite parameters and other information of the ship terminal, and then models it as a heterogeneous decentralized partially observable Markov decision process, integrates historical beam decision to handle partial observability, and trains a robust heterogeneous cooperative QMIX model to realize decentralized beam decision of the ship and the satellite based on local observation. The method can realize the optimization of the transmitting and receiving beams with low signaling and computing overhead, effectively suppress multi-user interference, improve beam matching accuracy and link stability, and ultimately enhance the transmission reliability and system capacity of the maritime uplink.

The invention discloses an ultrashort linear beam homogenization transmission line. A linear high-current homogenization beam line is sequentially provided with an accelerator outlet, a beam matching mechanism, four-eight-pole composite iron 1, four-eight-pole composite iron 2, a beam homogenization effect observation mechanism and a terminal in the beam direction. The four-and-eight-pole composite iron 1 and the four-and-eight-pole composite iron 2 are used for respectively and simultaneously generating a quadrupole magnetic field and an eight-pole magnetic field, so that the effects of quadrupole iron and eight-pole iron can be simultaneously realized by only installing one transmission element; the four-and-eight-pole composite iron 1 and the four-and-eight-pole composite iron 2 are based on a four-and-eight-pole composite magnet system. According to the invention, the problem that the effect of octopole iron cannot be fully exerted because a place with the largest envelope in the prior art is usually occupied by a quadrupole magnetic field is solved; the problem that the field intensity requirement of the eight-pole magnet is very high and is difficult to realize in engineering due to the fact that the beam envelope at the position of the existing eight-pole iron is relatively small is solved. And the problems of large occupied area and high cost caused by overlong beam line length are solved.

The present application provides a multi-beam collaborative laser cutting method and device thereof, and relates to the field of laser cutting technology. The method includes: obtaining multiple degrees of freedom information of multiple laser heads of a laser control system; obtaining multiple cutting fitting areas, and the multiple cutting fitting areas have cutting depth identifiers; generating multiple fitting depth intervals; obtaining multiple candidate set laser head sets; performing independent calibration of a single laser head, performing laser beam matching analysis on multiple cutting fitting areas, obtaining single beam matching areas and multi-beam matching areas; obtaining multi-laser beam optimization results; performing cutting control on single beam matching areas, and performing cutting control on multi-beam matching areas. The present application can solve the technical problem in the prior art that the lack of cutting depth fitting for multiple laser beams leads to poor collaborative effect, thereby affecting the cutting effect, and achieves the technical effect of improving the multi-beam collaborative cutting accuracy and improving the cutting efficiency at the same time.

The application discloses a kind of omni-directional intelligent metasurface assisted MIMO integrated system transmission beamforming method, for simultaneously realizing line-of-sight target detection and non-line-of-sight multi-user communication.By introducing STARS into MIMO integrated transmission system, using its independent control ability to reflected signal and transmitted signal, additional signal path is provided for beamforming, and non-line-of-sight link is constructed for communication users to guarantee service quality.The matching error between radar expected power pattern and actual pattern is used as the objective function, and block coordinate descent combined with alternating direction penalty method and distance optimization algorithm is used for solving.The application realizes full space coverage, while ensuring the quality of communication service, compared with conventional intelligent metasurface assisted MIMO integrated system, has better beam matching performance.

The invention provides a communication method, device and system, which can be applied to the fields of cellular communication, V2X, Internet of Vehicles, automatic driving, auxiliary driving and the like. The method comprises: determining a first reference signal and a first message, the first reference signal being used for determining a first beam, the first message being used for discovery by a second device or for requesting communication with a second communication device, the first beam being a candidate beam for communication between a first communication device and the second communication device, a first interval exists between the first reference signal and the time domain resource of the first message, the first interval is smaller than or equal to a first threshold value, the first threshold value is configured or predefined, and the first reference signal and the first message are sent. And after determining that the receiving end is the target of the sending end, the receiving end performs beam processing, such as beam matching and the like. If the receiving end is not the target of the sending end, processing is not carried out, for example, beam matching is not carried out. Therefore, unnecessary transmission and corresponding power consumption of the non-target communication device are reduced.

The application discloses a super-short symmetrical bending type beam homogenization transmission line, which is a symmetrical bending type strong current homogenization beam line containing two pieces of four-eight level composite iron and one piece of shared two level iron; the symmetrical bending type strong current homogenization beam line is composed of one shared beam line and two branch beam lines; the shared beam line is provided with an accelerator exit, a beam matching mechanism, four-eight level composite iron 1 and two level iron along the beam direction; the first branch beam line is sequentially provided with four-eight level composite iron 2, a beam matching and homogenization effect observation mechanism 1 and a terminal 1; the second branch beam line is sequentially provided with four-eight level composite iron 3, a beam matching and homogenization effect observation mechanism 2 and a terminal 2; the four-eight level composite iron of the beam line can simultaneously realize the focusing and homogenization of the beam envelope, the composite iron installed on the beam transmission line can reduce the number of transmission elements, shorten the length of the transmission line and reduce the engineering cost of the beam transmission line.

The invention discloses an omnidirectional intelligent metasurface-assisted MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) sensing integrated system transmitting beam forming method, which is used for simultaneously realizing line-of-sight target detection and non-line-of-sight multi-user communication. The STARS is introduced into an MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) sensing integrated transmitting system, an extra signal path is provided for beamforming by utilizing the independent regulation and control capability of the STARS on a reflected signal and a transmitted signal, and meanwhile, a non-line-of-sight link is constructed for a communication user to guarantee the service quality. A matching error between a radar expected power directional diagram and an actual directional diagram is used as a target function, and solving is carried out by adopting block coordinate descent in combination with an alternating direction penalty method and a distance optimization algorithm. According to the invention, full-space coverage is realized, and the system has better beam matching performance compared with a conventional intelligent metasurface-assisted MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) sensing integrated system while the communication service quality is ensured.

A substrate inspection apparatus includes a light source unit, a pulsed beam matching unit, a substrate support unit, an incidence angle adjusting unit, and a detecting unit. The light source unit emits first and second laser beams. The pulsed beam matching unit matches the first and second laser beams to superimpose a pulse of the first laser beam on a pulse of the second laser beam in time and space. The incidence angle adjusting unit adjusts angles of incidence of the matched first laser beam and second laser beams to irradiate the first laser beam and the second laser beam on the substrate, and mixes the first and second laser beams to generate an evanescent wave on the substrate. The evanescent wave generates scattered light due to a defect of the substrate. The detecting unit detects the scattered light generated due to the defect of the substrate.

The present invention provides a precast mold for grid beam matching and its construction method. The bottom mold is arranged on a mobile trolley, and the mobile trolley is arranged on a track. One end of the bottom mold is provided with a fixed end mold frame, and the other end is provided with a mobile end mold frame. Outer mold frames are arranged on both sides of the bottom mold, and the outer mold frames on both sides and the mobile end mold frame are all connected to the mold through demolding screw rods; a mobile inner core mold frame is also arranged inside the bottom mold. Through reasonable design of the mold structure, such as the connection mode of each component, the setting of the demolding screw rods, etc., the operations of assembling, adjusting and demolding the mold are made more convenient and efficient, thereby reducing the labor intensity of workers during the construction process and improving the construction efficiency.

The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle ad hoc network safe and efficient transmission method based on beam matching, and belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle ad hoc network safe communication. The method is suitable for a wireless ad hoc network of a plurality of AAVs (Autonomous Aerial Vehicles). Each AAV is in a fixed area, realizes information transmission through a uniform linear array, and is provided with a special receiving antenna. According to the method, first-class high-priority private information and second-class low-priority public information are superposed at the same time during signal transmission. According to the method, a legal receiving end meeting a privacy rate threshold value is preferentially screened, and beam forming and power distribution design are combined, so that private information forms an orthogonal complementary space in the eavesdropper direction, and sensitive data leakage is effectively prevented. The low-priority signal transmission rate is further optimized, and the network information throughput rate is maximized. Multi-node cooperation or an additional interference source is not needed, and the safety, efficiency and real-time adaptive capacity of an unmanned aerial vehicle network are remarkably improved.

Provided in the present application are a communication method, apparatus and system, which can be applicable to the fields of cellular communications, V2X, Internet of Vehicles, autonomous driving, assisted driving, etc. The method comprises: determining a first reference signal and a first message, wherein the first reference signal is configured for determining a first beam, the first message is configured for second device discovery or for requesting communication with a second communication apparatus, the first beam is a candidate beam for communication between a first communication apparatus and the second communication apparatus, there is a first interval between time domain resources of the first reference signal and the first message, the first interval is less than or equal to a first threshold, and the first threshold is configured or predefined; and sending the first reference signal and the first message. After a receiving end determines that same is a target of a sending end, the receiving end performs beam processing, for example, beam matching, etc. If the receiving end is not the target of the sending end, no processing is performed, for example, no beam matching is executed. Therefore, unnecessary transmission and corresponding power consumption of a non-target communication apparatus are reduced.

The application discloses a kind of ultra-short linear beam homogenization transmission line, the linear type high-current homogenization beam line is sequentially provided with: accelerator exit, beam matching mechanism, four eight-pole composite iron 1, four eight-pole composite iron 2, beam homogenization effect observation mechanism, terminal along the beam direction;The four eight-pole composite iron 1 and four eight-pole composite iron 2 are used to generate four-pole magnetic field and octupole magnetic field respectively, so that only one transmission element can realize the role of four-pole iron and eight-pole iron simultaneously;The four eight-pole composite iron 1 and four eight-pole composite iron 2 are based on a four eight-pole composite magnet system.The application solves the problem that the place where the envelope of the prior art is maximum is usually occupied by four-pole magnetic field, and the role of eight-pole iron cannot be fully played;Solve the problem that the beam envelope is small at the position of the existing eight-pole iron, which makes the field intensity requirement of eight-level magnet very high and difficult to realize in engineering;Solve the problem that the length of beam line is too long, resulting in large floor area and high cost.

The invention relates to a beam transmission system for a proton helium ion treatment device, magnet layout equivalent transmission matrixes of a transmission section and a distribution section are respectively unit matrixes (1, 1), an achromatic section, a transverse matching section and the transmission section which are connected in sequence to provide circular beam matching, and the transverse matching section matches transverse parameters of a beam into symmetry; or the achromatic section, the transverse matching section, the rotating section and the transmission section are sequentially connected to provide rotator method matching, the transverse size of the beam is matched to be small through the transverse matching section to facilitate follow-up control and transmission, the magnet layout equivalent transmission matrix of the rotating section is (1,-1), and the rotating section and the rotating treatment section rotate synchronously. The rotating angle of the rotating section is half of the rotating angle of the rotating treatment section. The beam transmission system is suitable for proton and helium ion beam transmission systems, a circular beam method and a rotator method are adopted for matching, and the problem that multi-angle debugging is needed in a point-to-point matching mode in the prior art is solved.

This invention provides a channel access mechanism design based on joint directional LBT and beam training. First, during the channel listening phase, the transmitter and receiver utilize directional LBT and auxiliary LBT techniques to accurately filter out idle beam sets. When no idle beam sets are found, the system continues scanning and listening to find available idle beam sets. Then, the beam training phase begins, using RST / CTS signaling to complete beam training between the transceiver and receiver. During beam training, the transmitter alternately transmits RTS in the idle beam sets, and the receiver records the RSRP value of the received RTS for each beam; simultaneously, the transmitter receives CTS and records the RSRP value. Based on the beam training results, an improved Gale-Shapley algorithm is used for beam pair matching: a beam preference list is established, and the results are output through greedy matching iterations, prioritizing beam matching between the transmitter and receiver based on high RSRP values ​​and large beam capacity, selecting the optimal beam pair to achieve communication between the transmitter and receiver.