The invention relates to a tray bubble type biomass continuous photosynthetic hydrogen production method and device, belonging to the technical field of biomass photosynthetic hydrogen production. The method is characterized in that by utilizing sunlight, under the conditions of a built-in light source and a closed volume, biomass alternately passes through quartz side optical fiber trays and U-shaped heat exchanger trays, and under the bubble effect of reflux hydrogen, a continuous hydrogen producing process is realized by suspension heat exchange and dark-and-light fermentation. The method provided by the invention is simple in process and convenient to operate. The device is mainly composed of a sunlight transmitter, a tray type fermentation reaction tank, a heater, a gas chamber, a bubble chamber, a reaction liquid reflux part and a hydrogen reflux part. The device provided by the invention is reasonable in design and simple to operate, can ensure that the temperature of the reactor is uniform, realizes alternate dark-and-light fermentation of feed liquid, and achieves biomass continuous hydrogen production under an environmental condition of lower temperature, thereby reducing the limits of conventional energy resource consumption and hydrogen production by low-temperature fermentation, improving the biomass hydrogen producing efficiency, and realizing stable, efficient and continuous operation of the reactor.