306 results about "Loop closing" patented technology

The invention discloses a wide area information-based automatic standby power supply switching adaptive modeling, standby power supply overload optimal control strategy predetermining and automatic standby power supply switching model optimizing and controlling method. The method comprises the following steps of: performing automatic standby power supply switching adaptive modeling and establishing multi-valued mapping from a fault tripping power aggregate to an automatic standby power supply switching mode aggregate; predetermining a standby power supply overload optimal control strategy; optimizing an automatic standby power supply switching model; judging a regional fault; and performing online matching and control tracking of control strategies. In the method, modeling is performed under the running condition of a regional power grid, and charging and discharging conditions, starting conditions and automatic standby power supply switching logic of the wide area are automatically generated, so that the method adapts to the varying run mode and wide area automatic standby power supply switching; an overload load shedding control strategy and the automatic standby power supply switching model are optimized based on the predetermining method; the judgment of the regional fault coordinates the automatic standby power supply switching model action for multi-power fault tripping and avoids unplanned loop closing; the control strategy is matched and searched online; and by considering that a small power supply is matched with a stable control system and a protection device, after the standby power supply is switched into operation, safe and stable running of the system is guaranteed.

The invention provides an annular loop closed metal ring antenna. The annular loop closed metal ring antenna comprises a feed wire and a closed meal ring side frame; the feed wire is electrically connected with a circuit board through a feed point and electrically connected with the closed metal side frame through a connecting point; two side edges of the closed metal ring side frame are respectively electrically connected to reference ground at the corresponding side edge of the circuit board through a first grounding point and a second grounding point; the fed wire, the closed metal ring side frame and the circuit board form first and second clearance areas; each of the first and second clearance areas comprises clearances which are formed between two side edges of the circuit board and the corresponding side edge of the closed metal ring side frame; the feed point enters the first and second clearance areas of the first and second grounding points through the connecting point to form first and second annular loops which have different resonance length. Compared with the traditional antenna, the antenna has the advantages that the bandwidth is expanded, the performance is improved, and the bandwidth design is highly flexible to adjust.

The invention discloses an analysis method of the electromagnetic loop closing and power reversing operation of an urban distribution network, which comprises the following steps of: (1) selecting a loop closing switch; (2) selecting the source of calculation data; if the calculation data is from off-line data, executing the step (3); and if the calculation data is from real-time data, executing the step (4); (3) acquiring the off-line data from an off-line data base; (4) acquiring the real-time data from a real-time data base; (5) processing the real-time data; (6) generating a calculation model; (7) carrying out load flow calculation before loop closing; (8) calculating impact current at a loop closing point; (9) carrying out load flow calculation for loop closing; (10) obtaining a fixed protection value; (11) safety checking; (12) judging whether the loop closing operation is safe or not, if safe, executing the step (14), otherwise, executing the step (13); (13) generating a loop closing strategy if the loop closing operation is not safe; (14) generating a loop closing operation report; and (15) ending.

The invention discloses a method for enabling a standby power supply automatic switching-in device with multiple power supplies and multiple incoming lines of a transformer substation to perform standby power supply automatic switching-in fast, efficiently and accurately. According to the method, the standby power supply automatic switching-in device is arranged on busbars and incoming lines in a centralized mode to collect operation information of a power supply network and determine detailed criteria on the states of all the incoming lines, busbar working power supplies and standby power supply automatic switching-in action logic, wherein the busbars and the incoming lines relate to single busbars, signal busbars with bypasses, single busbar segments and single busbar segments with bypasses. Thus, the standby power supply automatic switching-in device can automatically identify the operation states of all the incoming lines and the sources of power supplies of all the incoming lines of a multi-incoming-line power supply grid, identify standby circuits according to preference constant values, automatically select an action mode and preferably close circuits which have high preference constant value grades, ensure that circuits (such as double-circuit lines) of the same power supply source do not participate in mutual-switching-in, enable two systems to undergo loop closing, greatly improve the power supply reliability of the power supply network, achieve automatic power restoration of the power supply network and ensure safe operation of power systems.

The invention relates to an experimental device and method for measuring the surface coefficient of heat transfer of supercritical carbon dioxide. The experimental device comprises a supercritical carbon dioxide circulating system and an injected water circulating system, wherein the supercritical carbon dioxide circulating system is provided with a measuring pipeline segment inner pipe, the injected water circulating system is provided with a measuring pipeline segment outer pipe, and the measuring pipeline segment inner pipe is embedded in the measuring pipeline segment outer pipe; water flows in an annulus between the measuring pipeline segment outer pipe and the measuring pipeline segment inner pipe; the supercritical carbon dioxide circulating system provides a circulating loop closed at high temperature and high pressure for carbon dioxide; the heat exchange of supercritical carbon dioxide in the measuring pipeline segment inner pipe can be realized through the injected water circulating system. The measurement on the surface coefficient of heat transfer of supercritical carbon dioxide within larger pressure and temperature range can be realized so as to obtain the surface coefficient of heat transfer of supercritical carbon dioxide under the conditions of different temperatures and pressures; the experimental device and method are simple in equipment, convenient to operate, and high in feasibility; the measurement method is scientific, and high-precision parameter measurement can be realized.

The invention discloses a heptatomic condensed ring benzotriazole receptor micromolecule and a preparation method and application thereof. The compound takes heptatomic condensed ring benzotriazole (B) with an alkyl chain as intercalated nucleus, and cyan group as n-type fullerene receptor material (BIC) of an electrophilic unit. The preparation method comprises the following steps: by taking 4,7-dibromo-5,6-dinitro benzotriazole compound as a raw material, sequentially introducing thienothiophene with an alkyl chain by stille coupling reaction, then performing loop closing, introducing the alkyl chain to N by nucleophilic substitution, introducing aldehyde group via Vilsmeier-Haack, and then introducing a polar conjugation unit by Knoevenage reaction, so as to obtain a BIC compound; the micromolecule forms definite conformation and good solubility, has an electron receptor unit with universality, obtains a high efficiency (PCE of 13%) on a solar cell, and thus is a photovoltaic material full of potential.

The invention discloses a method for analyzing loop closing risks based on an interconnection switch in a power distribution network. The method comprises the steps that firstly, the voltage difference of the two sides of the interconnection switch is acquired, a power transmission network CIM model and a power distribution network CIM are spliced to form a loop closing path, and the loop impedance of the loop closing path is calculated; secondly, the loop closing steady-state current and the maximum impact current are worked out according to the voltage difference of the two sides of the interconnection loop and the loop impedance of the loop closing path; lastly, safety verifying is carried out on all devices on the loop through the loop closing impact current and the loop closing steady-state current, and whether loop closing can be carried out or not is judged. The method does not depend on the telemeasuring data of the power transmission network, the computing time is short, the computing result accuracy is high, the convergence problem does not exist, the change of the power transmission network can be followed in real time, the power transmission network loop closing risks under the most situations can be solved, the power outage caused by the loop closing failure is avoided, and the high social benefits and economic benefits are achieved.

The invention discloses a closed loop control method comprising a multi-microgrid power distribution network. A micorgrid is subjected to equivalence processing to establish a power distribution network closed loop optimization control model which takes the microgrid into the account; active and reactive output of the microgrid is used as a control variable; the minimum voltage difference of two sides of a switching-on point is used as a control target; a constraint condition comprises power balance constraint, node voltage upper and lower limit constraint, the limiting value of the active and reactive output of the microgrid and the maximum allowing tide constraint of a line; the genetic algorithm of a belt sparse block migration strategy is combined to carry out optimization regulation on the operation state of each microgrid; and the voltage difference of two sides of a closed loop point can be effectively reduced so as to reduce closed loop current and improve the success rate of the loop closing operation. The closed loop control method has the advantage of comprehensive model, the microgrid controllability can be fully utilized, and the theoretical basis can be provided for the thermal conductivity loop closing operation after the microgrid is accessed into the power distribution network.

The invention relates to a circulation analysis system and a circulation analysis method of complicated power distribution network loop closing operation. The circulation analysis system of the complicated power distribution network loop closing operation comprises a database server and a work station. The database server is connected with an external supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system through a physical isolation device or a firewall and receives scalable vector diagrams of the SCADA system. The work station is connected with an external distribution SCADA (DSCADA) system through the physical isolation device or the firewall. The database server receives system public information models of an external production information management system to export files. The database server is connected with the work station through the network.

The invention provides a loop close control method in artificial pancreas and the artificial pancreas adopting the method. The method comprises the following steps that at least one motion sensor senses the activity level of a patient, and provides a signal to at least one processor; the processor part adjusts a series of related algorithm based on the signal, so that more accurate and more reliable data is provided and taken as the basis for an ideal treatment plan, the processor sends an instruction for enabling the artificial pancreas to automatically carry out the corresponding operation,and thus the loop close control is realized.

The invention discloses a distribution network loop closing current calculating method based on a distributed power supply. The running state of the distributed power supply is optimized and adjusted by establishing a coordinated optimization model of the distributed power supply and combining a primal-dual interior point method to reduce the loop closing operation current. Load flow distribution of a loop closing circuit is calculated by adopting a two-stage method in a weakly meshed distribution network, so that theoretical support and method reference are provided for smoothly implanting the loop closing operation and improving the power supply reliability in an intelligent power grid environment.

The invention provides a closed low temperature compressed air energy storage system. The system is characterized in that a low temperature cold storage working medium performs heat exchange on normal temperature air in a first heat exchanger unit, a normal temperature cold storage working medium is output, and a compressor set is used for inputting air after heat exchange; a normal temperature storage tank is used for inputting and storing the normal temperature cold storage working medium; an expander set is used for inputting stored compressed air; the compressed air works on the expander set in the expander set to output expanded and cooled air; the normal temperature cold storage working medium performs heat exchange on the expanded and cooled air in a second heat exchanger unit and then is converted to a low temperature cold storage working medium; the expanded and cooled air is converted to normal temperature air after heat exchange; a low temperature storage tank is used for inputting the low temperature cold storage working medium to be stored and outputting the low temperature cold storage working medium to the first heat exchanger unit; a low pressure air storage device is used for inputting the normal temperature air to be stored and outputting the normal temperature air to the first heat exchanger unit. The energy storage system adopts two-loop closed circulation, so that the compressed air energy storage system does not transfer mass to the environment; therefore the application range of the energy storage system is widened and the dependence of the energy storage system on the environment is low.

The invention discloses an LTE operation parameter automatic checking method based on an MR. The method comprises the realizing steps of firstly acquiring multidirectional data and performing cleaning conversion; describing an overlapping coverage relation of a cell based on the multidirectional data; finding a latitude-and-longitude problem of the cell through multi-point collision; positioning the cell through multiple iterations; performing secondary evaluation verification which comprises remote analysis and field acquisition verification; and performing secondary evaluation verification data filing, ensuring accurate data rectification and problem loop-closing. Compared with the prior art, the LTE operation parameter automatic checking method based on the MR has advantages of high speed, high efficiency and high controllability. The LTE operation parameter automatic checking method further has advantages of greatly improving operation parameter data quality, eliminating many network hidden troubles and effectively improving network quality. The LTE operation parameter automatic checking method is suitable for LTE operation parameter accuracy checking in a mobile communication system and is also suitable for operation data accuracy checking of GSM and TD. The LTE operation parameter automatic checking method has advantages of high practicability, wide application range and easy popularization.

The invention provides a divisional power grid structure dynamic adjustment method based on the actual measurement of a power management unit (PMU). The method comprises the following steps of analyzing the overload situation of a power grid in an off-line way, and making a divisional power grid load transferring loop closing and opening scheme; fitting a PMU mounting point according to the made loop closing and opening scheme, and mounting the PMU; performing on-line pre-tide checking on the loop closing and opening scheme according to the real-time information of the PMU, and if no tide crosses a limit, executing the loop closing and opening scheme, otherwise, adjusting the loop closing and opening scheme in an on-line way; judging whether a loop closing point meets a loop closing condition according to voltage information at two ends of a bus acquired by the PMU in real time, if the loop closing point meets the condition, executing loop closing operation; after the loop closing operation is finished, performing loop opening operation; and performing on-line tide analysis according to system tide acquired by the PMU after the loop opening and closing operation is finished, if a tide crosses the limit, adjusting the loop closing and opening scheme, otherwise, indicating that the loop closing and opening scheme is correct, and ending load transferring. By the divisional power grid structure dynamic adjustment method, the accuracy and the effectiveness of the loop opening and closing operation are greatly improved; and the running safety of a divisional power grid is well guaranteed.

The invention provides a range hood, and a method and a system for monitoring the air volume of the range hood. The method comprises the steps of establishing an air volume model according to the inherent parameters and the operating parameters of a motor, obtaining the operating parameters and the inherent parameters of the motor in real time, and calculating the real-time air volume of an exhaust outlet by virtue of the operating parameters and the inherent parameters obtained in real time and the air volume model. The operating parameters of the motor and the inherent parameters of the motor are combined to deduce the air volume model, and in the process of controlling the motor to adjust the air output, the real-time air volume is calculated and further used for air volume loop-closed control, and therefore, the air output quantity of the range hood is adjusted in real time to adapt to the change of air pressure.

The invention provides a power flow calculation method for a complex topology active distribution network containing a direct current system in allusion to a problem of poor convergence in the AC-DC system hybrid power flow calculation process of the existing distribution network. The method is characterized in that the active distribution network is divided into a direct current system and an alternating current system according to a voltage source converter; whether weak loop running exists in the system or not is determined according to opening-closing conditions at a loop closing point so as to perform corresponding power flow calculation; and a power flow calculation result of the active distribution network hybrid system is acquired finally by combining a power flow calculation result of the direct current system. Corresponding adjustment is performed on the power flow calculation sequence of the direct current system and the alternating current system and selection for power flow calculation parameters of the converter under different control strategies of the grid-connected converter, and power flow calculation for the whole hybrid system can be realized by performing only one time of alternative iteration convergence on the direct current system and the alternating current system.

The invention discloses a well-drilling method for steam-aided gravity draining oil well used for drilling an upper well and a lower well which are horizontally parallel; the horizontal well at the upper part is a gas-injection well, and the horizontal well at the lower part is a producing well; the method is characterized in that: one of the two horizontal wells is drilled, and the other is drilled according to drill hole trajectory of the finished horizontal well. Joint measurement control is carried out by utilizing a magnetic-conducting measurement system and a measurement while drilling system, and then the horizontal well section of the second horizontal well, which is parallel to the horizontal well section of the finished horizontal well, is drilled by the guidance of real-time data of the drilling trajectory of the finished horizontal well section, thus forming a magnetic-conducting loop-closed measurement drilling mode which is correspondingly sealed between the finished well and the well to be drilled, leading the error of the drill hole trajectory of the two wells to be synchronous and effectively controlling the relative deviation of the two horizontal well sections; therefore, SAGD oil wells which is in accordance with ideal error requirements are successfully drilled, thereby greatly improving recovery efficiency of thick oil pool.

The invention relates to a method for electrical-field state estimation, in particular to a practical method for power-distribution-network simple state estimation. The method includes the following steps of 1, history section data matching; 2, power-distribution-network topological tree generating; 3, switch remote signaling identifying; 4, remote metering polishing; 5, loop closing analyzing; 6, examining counting; 7, daily load forecasting. According to the practical method for power-distribution-network simple state estimation, the remote metering value of a switch / a disconnecting link is identified accordingly, the remote metering value of the switch is polished, and the most credible system operation state is estimated.

The present invention provides a method for preparing a relugolix intermediate compound 8. The method comprises: (a) carrying out a reaction on a compound 2 and N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole to obtain a compound 3; (b) carrying out a reaction on the compound 3 and 2,6-difluorobenzyl chloride to obtain a compound 4; (c) carrying out a reaction on the compound 4 and 3-amino-6-methoxypyridazine to obtaina compound 5; (d) carrying out a reaction on the compound 5 and N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole to obtain a compound 6; (e) carrying out a reaction on the compound 6, N-bromosuccinimide and azobisisobutyronitrile to obtain a compound 7; and (f) carrying out a reaction on the compound 7 and dimethylamine hydrochloride to obtain a compound 8. The invention further provides a relugolix preparation method, which comprises: (g) carrying out a reaction on the compound 8 obtained by the method and hydrogen under a catalyst to obtain a compound 9; and (h) carrying out a reaction on the compound 9, N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole and methoxy amine hydrochloride to obtain relugolix. According to the present invention, the method adopts the route sequentially comprising loop closing and coupling, such that the method has characteristics of simple operation, less side-reaction, mild reaction condition, high yield, high product purity and easy product purification, and is suitable for commercial scale production.

The invention relates to a buck / boost bidirectional alterative-current chopper, which comprises power circuit formed by capacitor with one end connected to ground and one parallel alterative-current sine voltage power source; the first buck / boost circuit, and the second buck / boost circuit. The invention has the advantages that: the whole circuit has non arm direct connection, to solve current diversion; and it can realize voltage-decrease voltage-increase AC / AC conversion, to bidirectional transmit energy; and it has low circuit consumption with simple control; and it outputs average voltage value or effective loop-close adjustment.

The invention discloses a distribution network topology guard method with a direction. The distribution network topology guard method with the direction comprises the following steps: leading in voltage and current in a distribution network automated terminal to judge whether a feeder breaks down and to find out a broken-down direction. (1) Power distribution terminals form a distribution network topology structure and each power distribution terminal is linked with the distribution network automated terminal of adjacent nodes through lateral communication; (2) among subsection switches distributed in the power distribution network, if overflowing failures of lines are detected by adjacent power distribution terminals in a certain distribution network section, and the direction of the failure current detected by the distribution network terminals does not direct the outside of the distribution network section, the distribution network section is a fault section. A network topology guard theory is used for achieving the location, isolation and recovery of the fault section from the terminal on the spot. The distribution network topology guard method with the direction solves the problems of a fault location and isolation when the feeder in a dual power loop closing power supply system is malfunctioned, so that the location and isolation of the fault section and the power restoration of a non-fault section can be achieved on the spot, quickly and accurately.

The invention discloses a process for synthesis of asenapine. The asenapine is prepared through adopting a compound (18) as a key intermediate and carrying out the following steps that: 1.1, the compound 18 is subjected to a Ullmann reaction under a alkaline condition through adopting copper powder as a catalyst to generate a ether (19); 1.2, the ether (19) is subjected to a carbonyl reduction to obtain the target compound of the asenapine (1). The process has the following advantages that: cheap and available 2-bromobenzaldehyde is adopted as an initial raw material and is subjected to acondensation, a addition, a reductive amination and a intramolecular cyclization reaction, a aminomethylation, a open loop transposition and then loop closing, a demethylation and a Ullmann loop closing reaction to synthesize of the asenapine (1); cis-trans-isomer is subjected to a delicate transposition to obtain a trans-product, such that the process is simplified and easy to be operated; the raw material is easy to be obtained and has cheap price; each reaction is a normal reaction, and reaction conditions are mild; a total yield is substantially improved; production cost is reduced; a purity of the product is more than 99% through a detection by HPLC.

The invention provides a simulation method for the digital closed-loop control logic of a fiber-optic gyroscope. The simulation method comprises the following steps: establishing a model and simulating according to the model, wherein a fiber-optic gyroscope closed-loop control logic model comprises a digital demodulation model and a digital controller model, and a closed-loop control logic simulation fiber-optic gyroscope model comprises a Sagnac effect model, a deviation modulation model, a step modulation model and phase modulation model; determining parameters needed by simulation, wherein the parameters comprise a system loop closing cycle, a modulation square wave frequency f, a square wave half-cycle sampling point number and a magnification factor; adjusting the magnification factor of a pre-amplifier module and the magnification factor of a post-amplifier module to realize normal loop closing of the fiber-optic gyroscope model in a simulation process; determining whether the output scale factor of the fiber-optic gyroscope is consistent with a required index or not through the waveform and numerical value of an output signal. By adopting the simulation method, designers do not need to perform detailed coding writing and can put more effort into system design and analysis; the project period can be shortened, the working efficiency is increased, and the product cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a power grid loop-closing control method which comprises the following main steps: drawing a simplified equivalent circuit according to a power grid loop-closing network; acquiring the equivalent impedance in the loop-closing ring network and the loads on buses on the two sides of a tie line; working out the complex power flowing to the tie line buses according to the characteristics of the ring network; subtracting the load flowing out of the bus on one side of the tie line from the complex power flowing to the bus to get circular complex power; calculating the loop-closing steady-state current and loop-closing impact current based on the circular complex power; and comparing the loop-closing steady-state current with the maximum allowable work current of the tie line and comparing the loop-closing impact current with the over-current quick-break protection trigger current, and judging whether loop-closing operation can be performed. The method of the invention is simple and practical, safe and reliable, and applicable to loop-closing operation of both the main network and the distribution network, and can provide a basis for power grid loop-closing operation and help power dispatchers to make reasonable and beneficial adjustment on the power grid operation mode through loop closing so as to improve the reliability of power supply and guarantee the interests of users.

The invention discloses a region power distribution network on-line simulation analysis device and system. The device comprises a main distribution network modeling unit for establishing a main distribution network integrated module according to main grid data and power distribution network data; a tie switch selection unit for selecting two loop closing lines for loop closing operation in a power distribution network and tie switches; a topology forming unit for forming a topological relation of loop closing contact lines according to the loop closing lines and the tie switches; a parameter input unit for inputting parameters of the power grid; a loop closing point selection unit for selecting loop closing points according to the parameters; a load flow calculation unit for calculating load flow distribution of the two sides of a loop closing switch of the loop closing points according to the topological relation of loop closing contact lines and the load flow data; a loop closing current calculation unit for calculating loop closing surge current and steady-state current according to the load flow distribution; and a judgment and reminding unit for comparing the loop closing surge current and steady-state current calculating result with loop closing conditions, and giving reminding information for whether to carry out loop closing operation. The device and system allow the power distribution network to be good in operation safety and high in reliability.

The invention discloses a non-isolated photovoltaic inverter common mode resonant loop current and leakage current suppression method. A three-phase I-type three-level inverter and an improved LCL filter circuit are included, the capacitor common end of the improved LCL filter circuit is directly connected to a neutral point of a DC-side filter capacitor, the common mode loop of the three-phase I-type three-level inverter is changed, and system leakage current is suppressed. A common mode loop closed loop control algorithm is put forward, a PI controller is added in the common mode loop, and suppression on the common mode resonant loop current is realized. The cost can be saved, the system conversion efficiency is improved, and the practical value is high.

The invention relates to the technical field of grid control and specifically relates to a control method of a grid closed loop operation impact current. The control method includes the following steps that a closed loop operation switch and a system display interface are arranged according to real-time grid operation data section, and a recording way is provided; a dispatcher records a line protection current setting value, and system checking is performed; if a reasonable loop can not be searched, the fact that a loop closed way is unreasonable is prompted, and resetting is performed; if reasonable loop information can be searched, phase checking is performed, unreasonable reasons are prompted if the checking doesn't pass, loop closed topological information and display are observed if the checking passes, and then click calculation is performed; admittance matrixes are used to obtain loop closed port impedance, initial tidal current of online grid data is calculated, injection volumes of loop closing points are revised, whole net tidal current calculation is performed after loop closing, and off-limit analysis of a whole net is performed after the loop closing; risk information is prompted; and results of topological information are displayed. According to the control method, risks can be effectively reduced, and small loop closing impact current can be guaranteed.

The invention discloses a distribution network loop closing power supply switching method. The method comprises the following steps: proving that a linear relation exists between bus load on two sides of a loop closing point interconnection switch and loop current complex power of a loop closing point through analysis; deriving a practical calculation formula of a steady-state current and an impact current of an interconnection line outlet circuit breaker through simulation; introducing the practical calculation formula into an SCADA system; calculating the steady-state current and the impact current of the interconnection line outlet circuit breaker, and calculating the sum of load currents of two interconnection lines; then comparing with related data, and judging whether the operations of loop closing, loop disconnecting and power supply switching can be performed accordingly. The method disclosed by the invention is simple and practical, data are easily acquired, and equipment does not need to be added, so that complicated complex operation is avoided, the method is easy to implement, higher in precision and accuracy and lower in error, a powerful basis can be provided for the distribution network loop closing power supply switching operation of a power dispatcher, the power distribution reliability is effectively improved, the outage cost is reduced, and the method has extremely high application values.

The invention relates to a method for controlling an overvoltage of an active power distribution network on the basis of active-reactive coordination and belongs to the technical field of operation and control of a power system. According to the method, a control target function of a distributed power supply is established, a three-phase flow equation of operation of the active power distribution network is derived by utilizing a three-phase node and branch incidence matrix, a grouping switched capacitor is processed in a binary coding manner and the discrete control problem is continuously solved; finally, active powers, reactive powers and the like of the distributed power supply, a continuous reactive compensation device and the grouping switched capacitor in the active power distribution network are comprehensively controlled so as to control the overvoltage of the active power distribution network. The method not only can be used for a radial power distribution network, but also can be directly used for controlling the overvoltage of a weakly looped power distribution network which is subjected to loop closing; the method introduces the binary coding manner into control on the overvoltage of the active power distribution network, enables the discrete problem to be continuous and greatly improves calculating efficiency.

A novel apparatus and method for encoding data using a low density parity check (LDPC) code capable of representation by a bipartite graph are provided. To encode the data, an accumulate chain of a plurality of low degree variable nodes is generated. The accumulate chain is closed to form a loop twice, once using a low degree variable nodes such as a degree two node and once using a higher degree variable node such as a degree three node which is higher than the low degree variable node, where the higher degree variable node comprises a non-loop-closing edge. In one embodiment, the plurality of low degree variable nodes may have the same permutation on each edge, where permutations are used for lifting a small size base graph into the graph of the LDPC code.