The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicine, and concretely relates to a swine fever virus subunit vaccine and a preparation method and a purpose thereof. The invention provides a kluyveromyces marxianus yeast recombination strain used for preparing the swine fever virus subunit vaccine. The recombination strain is constructed by the following steps: swine fever virus envelope protein E2 is intercepted, through codon optimization, a coding sequence of the swine fever virus mE2 protein is obtained, and then is cloned to a kluyveromyces marxianus yeast expression vector,and the kluyveromyces marxianus yeast host strain is transformed. The invention also provides the method for preparing the swine fever virus subunit vaccine, which comprises the following steps: the kluyveromyces marxianus yeast host strain is subjected to recombination expression by using mE2, steps of culture, centrifugation, cell disruption, and separating purifying are carried out to obtain the swine fever virus mE2 protein antigen, and the purified antigen and an adjuvant are subjected to complex formulation to prepare the swine fever virus subunit vaccine. The injection immunotherapy ofswine fever virus mE2 protein recombination subunit vaccine can obtain a protective IgG antibody, and the subunit vaccine can reduce and prevent the swine fever virus infection-related disease.