The invention discloses a negative pressure-air injection composite air suction type dust collection device and method, and relates to the technical field of dust collectors. The device integrates three core modules, namely a suction head module, a main body module and a single-cylinder
cyclone-dust bag composite collection module; the suction head module adopts a composite mode of'air injection stripping-negative pressure adsorption ', so that attached dust can be efficiently stripped and adsorbed; the collecting end adopts a two-stage filtering structure of a degradable dust bag of a single-
barrel cyclone separation and Kringing paper folding structure, large-particle dust is separated through single-
barrel cyclone, and fine dust is accurately collected through the dust bag; the dust bag realizes pure mechanical automatic closing by means of a Kresling paper folding structure, is opened and conducted by
mechanical force during mounting, is automatically folded and closed during dismounting, does not need a circuit and a heat sealing structure, is free of contact and dust leakage in the whole process, and is convenient to replace; the
dust collector is compact in structure, suitable for multiple scenes, environment-friendly, practical and suitable for various high-precision cleaning scenes, and has cleaning efficiency and dust collection sealing performance.